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Frontiers in High Energy Density Physics

Frontiers in High Energy Density Physics
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 177
Release: 2003-05-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 030908637X

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Recent scientific and technical advances have made it possible to create matter in the laboratory under conditions relevant to astrophysical systems such as supernovae and black holes. These advances will also benefit inertial confinement fusion research and the nation's nuclear weapon's program. The report describes the major research facilities on which such high energy density conditions can be achieved and lists a number of key scientific questions about high energy density physics that can be addressed by this research. Several recommendations are presented that would facilitate the development of a comprehensive strategy for realizing these research opportunities.


Analytical and Numerical Studies of the Complex Interaction of a Fast Ion Beam Pulse with a Background Plasma

Analytical and Numerical Studies of the Complex Interaction of a Fast Ion Beam Pulse with a Background Plasma
Author: Ronald C. Davidson
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2003
Genre:
ISBN:

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Plasma neutralization of an intense ion beam pulse is of interest for many applications, including plasma lenses, heavy ion fusion, high energy physics, etc. Comprehensive analytical, numerical, and experimental studies are underway to investigate the complex interaction of a fast ion beam with a background plasma. The positively charged ion beam attracts plasma electrons, and as a result the plasma electrons have a tendency to neutralize the beam charge and current. A suite of particle-in-cell codes has been developed to study the propagation of an ion beam pulse through the background plasma. For quasi-steady-state propagation of the ion beam pulse, an analytical theory has been developed using the assumption of long charge bunches and conservation of generalized vorticity. The analytical results agree well with the results of the numerical simulations. The visualization of the data obtained in the numerical simulations shows complex collective phenomena during beam entry into and ex it from the plasma.


Nonlinear Plasma Waves Excitation by Intense Ion Beams in Background Plasma

Nonlinear Plasma Waves Excitation by Intense Ion Beams in Background Plasma
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2004
Genre:
ISBN:

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Plasma neutralization of an intense ion pulse is of interest for many applications, including plasma lenses, heavy ion fusion, cosmic ray propagation, etc. An analytical electron fluid model has been developed to describe the plasma response to a propagating ion beam. The model predicts very good charge neutralization during quasi-steady-state propagation, provided the beam pulse duration [tau]{sub b} is much longer than the electron plasma period 2[pi]/[omega]{sub p}, where [omega]{sub p} = (4[pi]e2n{sub p}/m)12 is the electron plasma frequency and n{sub p} is the background plasma density. In the opposite limit, the beam pulse excites large-amplitude plasma waves. If the beam density is larger than the background plasma density, the plasma waves break. Theoretical predictions are compared with the results of calculations utilizing a particle-in-cell (PIC) code. The cold electron fluid results agree well with the PIC simulations for ion beam propagation through a background plasma. The reduced fluid description derived in this paper can provide an important benchmark for numerical codes and yield scaling relations for different beam and plasma parameters. The visualization of numerical simulation data shows complex collective phenomena during beam entry and exit from the plasma.


Interaction of Intense Electron Beams with Plasma

Interaction of Intense Electron Beams with Plasma
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 12
Release: 1969
Genre:
ISBN:

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An exploratory experiment has been performed on the propagation of intense relativistic electron beams through an ionized medium. The beam was produced on the Cornell facility and consisted of a 50 kAmp stream of 350 keV electrons. The initial plasma was produced by a conical theta pinch gun located 1.5 m downstream of the diode and it is estimated that the initial electron density at beam injection was about 10(exp 13) cu cm. Beam propagation was observed photographically, on an X-ray diode at the end of the tube, and on magnetic loops along the tube. Results suggest that the bulk of the beam propagates down the tube at speeds of 1.8 x 10(exp 8) m/sec. The magnetic probe signals indicate that there is appreciable counter streaming current within the plasma volume.


Atomic Physics with Heavy Ions

Atomic Physics with Heavy Ions
Author: Heinrich F. Beyer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 404
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3642585809

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This book is devoted to one of the most active domains of atomic physic- atomic physics of heavy positive ions. During the last 30 years, this terrain has attracted enormous attention from both experimentalists and theoreti cians. On the one hand, this interest is stimulated by rapid progress in the development of laboratory ion sources, storage rings, ion traps and methods for ion cooling. In many laboratories, a considerable number of complex and accurate experiments have been initiated, challenging new frontiers. Highly charged ions are used for investigations related to fundamental research and to more applied fields such as controlled nuclear fusion driven by heavy ions and its diagnostics, ion-surface interaction, physics of hollow atoms, x-ray lasers, x-ray spectroscopy, spectrometry of ions in storage rings and ion traps, biology, and medical therapy. On the other hand, the new technologies have stimulated elaborate theo retical investigations, especially in developing QED theory, relativistic many body techniques, plasma-kinetic modeling based on the Coulomb interactions of highly charged ions with photons and various atomic particles - electrons, atoms, molecules and ions. The idea of assembling this book matured while the editors were writ ing another book, X-Ray Radiation of Highly Charged Ions by H. F. Beyer, H. -J. Kluge and V. P. Shevelko (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1997) covering a broad range of x-ray and other radiative phenomena central to atomic physics with heavy ions.