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Ice Adhesion Tests on Coatings Subjected to Rain Erosion

Ice Adhesion Tests on Coatings Subjected to Rain Erosion
Author: L. David Minsk
Publisher:
Total Pages: 18
Release: 1980
Genre: Helicopters
ISBN:

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Screening tests to select ice phobic coatings displaying low ice release forces, both before and after exposure to rain erosion in a whirling arm simulator, were performed on approximately 60 commercial materials. A unique linear ball-slide shear test apparatus was designed to provide pure shear forces. No coating survived the erosion test to give an interfacial shear strength as low as 15 psi (103 kPa), an arbitrarily established goal. Several coatings showed shear strengths between 30 and 45 psi (207 and 310 kPa) after rain erosion.


Contamination Mitigating Polymeric Coatings for Extreme Environments

Contamination Mitigating Polymeric Coatings for Extreme Environments
Author: Christopher J. Wohl
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 376
Release: 2020-05-15
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3030458393

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​This volume provides perspectives on the approaches, mechanisms, test methods, durability considerations, and environmental concerns for contamination mitigating coatings and polymers with emphasis on their use in more extreme aerospace and marine terrestrial environments. Parts of the Volume are devoted to application of biomimetics to contamination mitigation polymeric coatings, low ice adhesion surfaces, insect residue adhesion resistance coatings, and marine biofouling mitigation materials. By juxtaposing ice insect, and marine mitigation approaches, researchers and users may more easily identify threads of similarity that will assist in future developments and potential applications in these areas. The volume is of interest to chemists and material scientists in providing awareness of both the need for efficacy in mitigating contamination and for appropriate coating durability; to physicists in providing better understanding of the interaction between the contaminant, the coated surface, and the surrounding environment; and to engineers in describing the need for better scale-up tests between laboratory and field environments.


Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 380
Release: 1995
Genre: Aeronautics
ISBN:

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Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.


Ice Adhesion

Ice Adhesion
Author: Chang-Hwan Choi
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 704
Release: 2020-11-13
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1119640504

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This unique book presents ways to mitigate the disastrous effects of snow/ice accumulation and discusses the mechanisms of new coatings deicing technologies. The strategies currently used to combat ice accumulation problems involve chemical, mechanical or electrical approaches. These are expensive and labor intensive, and the use of chemicals raises serious environmental concerns. The availability of truly icephobic surfaces or coatings will be a big boon in preventing the devastating effects of ice accumulation. Currently, there is tremendous interest in harnessing nanotechnology in rendering surfaces icephobic or in devising icephobic surface materials and coatings, and all signals indicate that such interest will continue unabated in the future. As the key issue regarding icephobic materials or coatings is their durability, much effort is being spent in developing surface materials or coatings which can be effective over a long period. With the tremendous activity in this arena, there is strong hope that in the not too distant future, durable surface materials or coatings will come to fruition. This book contains 20 chapters by subject matter experts and is divided into three parts— Part 1: Fundamentals of Ice Formation and Characterization; Part 2: Ice Adhesion and Its Measurement; and Part 3: Methods to Mitigate Ice Adhesion. The topics covered include: factors influencing the formation, adhesion and friction of ice; ice nucleation on solid surfaces; physics of ice nucleation and growth on a surface; condensation frosting; defrosting properties of structured surfaces; relationship between surface free energy and ice adhesion to surfaces; metrology of ice adhesion; test methods for quantifying ice adhesion strength to surfaces; interlaboratory studies of ice adhesion strength; mechanisms of surface icing and deicing technologies; icephobicities of superhydrophobic surfaces; anti-icing using microstructured surfaces; icephobic surfaces: features and challenges; bio-inspired anti-icing surface materials; durability of anti-icing coatings; durability of icephobic coatings; bio-inspired icephobic coatings; protection from ice accretion on aircraft; and numerical modeling and its application to inflight icing.


CRREL Benchnotes

CRREL Benchnotes
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 1981
Genre: Cold regions
ISBN:

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Double Lap Shear Testing of Coating-Modified Ice Adhesion to Specific Shuttle Component Surfaces

Double Lap Shear Testing of Coating-Modified Ice Adhesion to Specific Shuttle Component Surfaces
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 62
Release: 2006
Genre:
ISBN:

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The goals of this experimental program were to optimize the effectiveness of an icephobic coating for use on several Space Shuttle surfaces, to evaluate the effects of adding an ultraviolet light absorber (UVA) on coating performance, and to assess the consistency and durability of the basic coating and its modifications. The double lap shear test was used to quantify ice adhesion performance at a constant temperature of 112 C (170 F). The experiments used ice that was grown as strong and consistently as possible before being subjected to the extreme temperature decrease. Standardized coating application with a foam brush provided consistent and reproducible surface coverage. The program included 20 tests subdivided in two phases. Phase 1 focused on determining an optimal coating of Rain-X and varying weight fractions of PTFE powders MP-55 and UF-8TA. Ice adhesion to the UF-8TA coatings was similar to that of the uncoated controls. Conversely, the MP-55 coatings produced large reductions in ice adhesion. Through three cycles of phase 1 testing the M4 coating, a mixture of 60% Rain-X with 40% MP- 55, was the best and most consistent by a wide margin. As a result, M4 was the basis of all phase 2 mixes. Phase 2 tests sought to verify the effectiveness and durability of the optimal coating for several surfaces on the shuttle and to quantify any changes in effectiveness resulting from the addition of UVA to the coating. The ice adhesion to coated coupons with Koropon, Kapton tape, Kapton film, and Fire-X (fire-retardant paint) surfaces was a small fraction of the adhesion to corresponding uncoated coupons. Rain-X solvent loss during prolonged coating preparation caused a greater increase in ice adhesion than that of adding the UVA. A rapid mixing procedure was developed to minimize this problem. The M4 coating showed outstanding performance and durability through five cycles of ice growth and adhesive failure.


CRREL Technical Publications

CRREL Technical Publications
Author: Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.)
Publisher:
Total Pages: 178
Release: 1981
Genre: Engineering
ISBN:

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Special Report

Special Report
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 396
Release: 1983
Genre: Arctic regions
ISBN:

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