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Hypothalamic-Pituitary Diseases

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Diseases
Author: Felipe F. Casanueva
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2018-04-13
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9783319444437

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This book presents the state of the art in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy of hypothalamic and pituitary disorders. After an introduction devoted to the physiology of the neuroendocrine control of the hypothalamic-pituitary unit, the diverse disorders involving hormonal excess or deficiency are systematically addressed axis by axis. For each disorder, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management are discussed in detail. In addition, individual chapters focus on the neuroendocrinology of energy homeostasis and of bone metabolism, metabolic derangement secondary to pituitary dysfunction, and pituitary control of the endocrine pancreas. While the focus of the book is predominantly on pathophysiological and clinical aspects, due attention is also devoted to potential diagnostic and therapeutic innovations. The book is intended as a major reference for endocrinologists and basic and clinical scientists.


Endocrine and Metabolic Late Effects in Cancer Survivors

Endocrine and Metabolic Late Effects in Cancer Survivors
Author: Francesco Felicetti (Oncologist)
Publisher:
Total Pages: 162
Release: 2021
Genre:
ISBN: 9783318067903

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This book analyzes in detail all aspects related to endocrine and metabolic late effects observed in patients treated for cancer, both in childhood and adulthood. The chapters focusing on the possible pathogenic mechanisms of late effects (i.e., premature aging and chronic inflammation) and on bone health in cancer survivors are particularly interesting and innovative. The volume also deals with hypothalamic-pituitary, thyroid and gonadal disorders, including infertility and how to prevent it. Finally, the relationship between metabolic alterations and cardiovascular diseases in cancer survivors is addressed. Thanks to advances in cancer treatment and supportive care, the five-year survival rate of cancer patients is constantly increasing. However, this undisputable success of medicine has a flip side: the late adverse effects of anticancer therapies. Pediatric oncologists were the first to cope with late complications of treatments, but today also adult oncologists and onco-hematologists recognize the relevance of this issue. Even though late effects observed in cancer survivors can affect any organ or system, endocrine and metabolic dysfunctions are the most frequently reported. Endocrine complications rarely influence life expectancy of cancer survivors, but they can significantly impact morbidity and quality of life. Among endocrine adverse effects, severe hypothalamic damage may be considered the most harmful in survivors, leading to morbid obesity, propensity to metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. This book aims to disseminate the knowledge about endocrine and metabolic adverse effects of cancer therapies and about survivorship care. Since the number of cancer survivors is steadily growing in the general population, this publication is intended not only for endocrinologists but also for oncologists, onco-hematologists, internists, pediatric specialists in those areas and general practitioners, with the aim to better counsel and monitor cancer survivors.


The Pituitary

The Pituitary
Author: Shlomo Melmed
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 744
Release: 2010-12-09
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9780123809278

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The pituitary, albeit a small gland, is known as the "master gland" of the endocrine system and contributes to a wide spectrum of disorders, diseases, and syndromes. Since the publication of the second edition of The Pituitary, in 2002, there have been major advances in the molecular biology research of pituitary hormone production and action and there is now a better understanding of the pathogenesis of pituitary tumors and clinical syndromes resulting in perturbation of pituitary function. There have also been major advances in the clinical management of pituitary disorders. Medical researchers and practitioners now better understand the morbidity and mortality associated with pituitary hormone hyposecretion and hypersecretion. Newly developed drugs, and improved methods of delivering established drugs, are allowing better medical management of acromegaly and prolactinoma. These developments have improved the worldwide consensus around the definition of a "cure" for pituitary disease, especially hormone hypersecretion, and hence will improve the success or lack of success of various forms of therapy. It is therefore time for a new edition of The Pituitary. The third edition will continue to be divided into sections that summarize normal hypothalamic-pituitary development and function, hypothalamic-pituitary failure, and pituitary tumors; additional sections will describe pituitary disease in systemic disorders and diagnostic procedures, including imaging, assessment of the eyes, and biochemical testing. The first chapter will be completely new – placing a much greater emphasis on physiology and pathogenesis. Two new chapters will be added on the Radiation and Non-surgical Management of the Pituitary and Other Pituitary Lesions. Other chapters will be completely updated and many new author teams will be invited. The second edition published in 2002 and there have been incredible changes in both the research and clinical aspects of the pituitary over the past 8 years – from new advances in growth hormones to pituitary tumor therapy. Presents a comprehensive, translational source of information about the pituitary in one reference work Pituitary experts (from all areas of research and practice) take readers from the bench research (cellular and molecular mechanism), through genomic and proteomic analysis, all the way to clinical analysis (histopathology and imaging) and new therapeutic approaches Clear presentation by endocrine researchers of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying pituitary hormones and growth factors as well as new techniques used in detecting lesions (within the organ) and other systemic disorders Clear presentation by endocrinologists and neuroendocrine surgeons of how imaging, assessment of the eyes, and biochemical testing can lead to new therapeutic approaches


Pediatric Endocrinology

Pediatric Endocrinology
Author: Dennis M. Styne
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Total Pages: 388
Release: 2004
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9780781736428

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As part of the Core Handbook Series in Pediatrics, this book provides a practical discussion of the major endocrine disorders that can be managed in the primary care setting. The book opens with a chapter on signs and symptoms in endocrine disease and then moves into specific disease chapters such as growth disorders, thyroid disorders, diabetes, and more. Each chapter consists of a brief discussion of the relevant pathophysiology and moves into diagnosis and treatment, making liberal use of tables and algorithms.


The Human Hypothalamus

The Human Hypothalamus
Author: Gabriel I. Uwaifo
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 535
Release: 2020-12-24
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3030621871

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The hypothalamus is an anatomically small but functionally important part of the brain. In functional and pathophysiological terms, the hypothalamus represents the intersection of several areas of clinical and medical expertise. The human hypothalamus can be astutely referred to as the crossroad of endocrinology, psychiatry, neurology and neurosurgery. Because of its involvement in myriad physiologic functions and the varied ways disorders involving it can manifest, hypothalamic disease can initially come to medical attention in widely disparate settings and with widely different clinicians. Therefore, the detection and proper care of hypothalamic dysfunction and disease often requires carefully coordinated multidisciplinary care. This volume fills a significant void in the medical professional community, comprehensively presenting the scope of hypothalamic structure, function, dysfunction and disease to cater to the various clinical, teaching and research professionals that have a stake in this part of the human brain. This text captures in one place all the information that practicing clinicians, clinician scientists, and researchers need to be adequately informed about various aspects of the hypothalamus in all its complexity. It is comprehensive and broad in scope so that it provides relevant reference information for the wide range of professionals involved in the pre- and post-mortem detection, diagnosis, characterization, care and management of various hypothalamic disorders and diseases in addition to providing a sound anatomic and physiologic foundation of the normal human hypothalamus. The Human Hypothalamus can be used to differing degrees by medical professionals and students alike, finding utility for interested general clinicians, medical school and allied health professional teaching faculty as well as subspecialists in domains as wide as neurosurgery, neuroendocrinology, clinical psychiatry and neuro-oncology.


The Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis

The Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 416
Release: 2008-09-12
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9780080559360

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The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis controls reactions to stress and regulates various body processes such as digestion, the immune system, mood and sexuality, and energy usage. This volume focuses on the role it plays in the immune system and provides substantive experimental and clinical data to support current understanding in the field, and potential applications of this knowledge in the treatment of disease. * Evidence presented in this book suggests that the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems form the Neuroendoimmune Supersystem, which integrates all the biological functions of higher organisms both in health and disease for their entire life cycle. * Contributors include both the scientists who initiated the work on the HPA axis and on the autonomic nervous system, and those who joined the field later.


Diseases of the Pituitary

Diseases of the Pituitary
Author: Margaret E. Wierman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 407
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1461239540

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Nineteen cutting-edge review articles by leading authorities provide a comprehensive overview of the normal function of the pituitary and of the diagnosis and treatment of pituitary disorders. Topics range from normal hypothalamic-pituitary interactions and the processes that disrupt them to new advances in pituitary imaging and appropriate surgical intervention in various pituitary disorders. Among the diseases discussed are congenital hypopituitarism, deficiency states, strategies for evaluating patients with hyperprolactinemia, Cushing's syndrome, acromegaly, and glycoprotein pituitary tumors.


Pituitary Disorders of Childhood

Pituitary Disorders of Childhood
Author: Brenda Kohn
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 362
Release: 2019-03-27
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3030113396

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This unique book presents an up-to-date discussion of clinical disorders of the pituitary gland in children with specific emphasis on state-of-the-art diagnostic and treatment modalities, highlighting the newest scientific advances in genomics and molecular biology that clinician-scientists caring for children need to know. Chapters focus on the current knowledge base in genomics, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and medical and surgical management, organized into thematic sections. Part I discusses embryologic and genetic disorders, including genomics and congenital disorders of the pituitary. Part II presents acquired pituitary disorders, such as prolactinomas, Cushing's Disease, and both hormone secreting and non-secreting pituitary tumors. Subsequent sections cover posterior pituitary disorders, such as diabetes insipidus, functional hormone deficiencies of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, including delayed puberty and pubertal disorders and growth hormone disorders, neuro-opthalmic disease, CNS radiation, childhood cancer treatment and traumatic brain injury. Authoritative and comprehensive, Pituitary Disorders of Childhood will serve as a precise guide for clinical endocrinologists and will guide future investigation into translational and clinical research on the pediatric pituitary.


Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety Disorders
Author: Kerry Ressler
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 448
Release: 2015-04-15
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0199395136

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Anxiety affects millions, manifesting as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive compulsive disorder, panic disorder, phobias, post-traumatic-stress disorder (PTSD), and social anxiety disorder. Not only are anxiety disorders common, but they are also crippling, frequently co-occurring and predict high risk for depressive disorders. Shared mechanisms may explain the overlapping features of many anxiety disorders and account for associations with other highly-impairing conditions, such as major depression and substance use. Beyond risk for specific disorders, anxiety also predicts a number of other adverse outcomes, including suicidal behavior, medical problems, social, and economic difficulties. Conversely, disorder-specific mechanisms may also exist and explain the unique features of each syndrome. Thus, it is important to understand both shared and specific aspects of anxiety. The Primer on Anxiety Disorders provides early-stage practitioners and trainees, as well as seasoned clinicians and researchers, with need-to-know knowledge on diagnosis and treatment. Clinical cases are used throughout the book to enhance understanding of and illustrate specific disorders, comorbid conditions and clinical issues. To facilitate an integrative approach, content allows clinicians to understand patient characteristics and tailor interventions. The integrated approach of each chapter includes recent research on genetics and neuroscience to understand the mechanisms of anxiety disorders, focusing on the forthcoming new nosology in DSM-5. Chapters further integrate innovative advances in clinical research providing research on a range of discoveries regarding biomarkers of illness, biological predictors of treatments and the effect of treatment on neurocircuitry.