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Hydrogen from Seawater Splitting

Hydrogen from Seawater Splitting
Author: Abhijit Ray
Publisher: IET
Total Pages: 175
Release: 2024-05
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1839534222
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Hydrogen is a key vector of decarbonized energy systems. It can be used as long term and seasonal storage for electricity itself, as well as in the automotive sector, for space heating and for the chemical industry. In order to be sustainable, it is vital that hydrogen is generated without carbon emissions. One option is electrocatalysis, which uses electricity to split the water. Other options are photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical technologies that use impinging sunlight directly. Each technique has advantages and shortcomings, and different efficiencies, depending on a range of factors including the materials used. This book provides overviews of the current technologies available for splitting hydrogen from seawater, and explores their benefits and disadvantages. Chapters cover materials, systems and challenges, electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, and photoelectrochemical techniques, functional compound semiconducting films, electrolysis of saline water, and two-dimensional nanomaterials for hydrogen generation. Finally, the editors share their informed view on the future outlook of the field. Hydrogen from Seawater Splitting: Technology and outlook offers valuable insights for researchers in hydrogen technology and energy materials, exploring the current state-of-the-art and posing the key question of increasing efficiencies.

Photo-Driven Seawater Splitting for Hydrogen Production

Photo-Driven Seawater Splitting for Hydrogen Production
Author: Xiao-Yu Yang
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 407
Release: 2023-04-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9819905109
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This book presents photo-driven seawater splitting technologies for hydrogen production. This technology is considered as a win–win interplay for both the utilization of solar energy as the most renewable energy and seawater as the most hydrogen source. The book also discusses topics from raw materials selection, characterization and mechanistic insights to the latest research developments in response to the need for environmentally friendly and low-carbon industries. In addition, it provides insights into a most attractive energy-conversion and storage cascade by combining solar energy and a hydrogen system. Given its scope, this book appeals to a broad readership, particularly professionals at universities and scientific research institutes, as well as practitioners in industry.

Oxide Surfaces

Oxide Surfaces
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 677
Release: 2001-05-21
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0080538312
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The book is a multi-author survey (in 15 chapters) of the current state of knowledge and recent developments in our understanding of oxide surfaces. The author list includes most of the acknowledged world experts in this field. The material covered includes fundamental theory and experimental studies of the geometrical, vibrational and electronic structure of such surfaces, but with a special emphasis on the chemical properties and associated reactivity. The main focus is on metal oxides but coverage extends from 'simple' rocksalt materials such as MgO through to complex transition metal oxides with different valencies.

Sustainable Hydrogen Production

Sustainable Hydrogen Production
Author: Ibrahim Dincer
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 494
Release: 2016-08-05
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0128017481
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Sustainable Hydrogen Production provides readers with an introduction to the processes and technologies used in major hydrogen production methods. This book serves as a unique source for information on advanced hydrogen generation systems and applications (including integrated systems, hybrid systems, and multigeneration systems with hydrogen production). Advanced and clean technologies are linked to environmental impact issues, and methods for sustainable development are thoroughly discussed. With Earth’s fast-growing populations, we face the challenge of rapidly rising energy needs. To balance these we must explore more sustainable methods of energy production. Hydrogen is one key sustainable method because of its versatility. It is a constituent of a large palette of essential materials, chemicals, and fuels. It is a source of power and a source of heat. Because of this versatility, the demand for hydrogen is sure to increase as we aim to explore more sustainable methods of energy. Furthermore, Sustainable Hydrogen Production provides methodologies, models, and analysis techniques to help achieve better use of resources, efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability. The book is intellectually rich and interesting as well as practical. The fundamental methods of hydrogen production are categorized based on type of energy source: electrical, thermal, photonic, and biochemical. Where appropriate, historical context is introduced. Thermodynamic concepts, illustrative examples, and case studies are used to solve concrete power engineering problems. Addresses the fundamentals of hydrogen production using electrical, thermal, photonic, and biochemical energies Presents new models, methods, and parameters for performance assessment Provides historical background where appropriate Outlines key connections between hydrogen production methods and environmental impact/sustainable development Provides illustrative examples, case studies, and study problems within each chapter

Photo- and Electro-Catalytic Processes

Photo- and Electro-Catalytic Processes
Author: Jianmin Ma
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 596
Release: 2022-01-25
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 352734859X
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Explore green catalytic reactions with this reference from a renowned leader in the field Green reactions—like photo-, photoelectro-, and electro-catalytic reactions—offer viable technologies to solve difficult problems without significant damage to the environment. In particular, some gas-involved reactions are especially useful in the creation of liquid fuels and cost-effective products. In Photo- and Electro-Catalytic Processes: Water Splitting, N2 Fixing, CO2 Reduction, award-winning researcher Jianmin Ma delivers a comprehensive overview of photo-, electro-, and photoelectron-catalysts in a variety of processes, including O2 reduction, CO2 reduction, N2 reduction, H2 production, water oxidation, oxygen evolution, and hydrogen evolution. The book offers detailed information on the underlying mechanisms, costs, and synthetic methods of catalysts. Filled with authoritative and critical information on green catalytic processes that promise to answer many of our most pressing energy and environmental questions, this book also includes: Thorough introductions to electrocatalytic oxygen reduction and evolution reactions, as well as electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reactions Comprehensive explorations of electrocatalytic water splitting, CO2 reduction, and N2 reduction Practical discussions of photoelectrocatalytic H2 production, water splitting, and CO2 reduction In-depth examinations of photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution and nitrogen reduction Perfect for catalytic chemists and photochemists, Photo- and Electro-Catalytic Processes: Water Splitting, N2 Fixing, CO2 Reduction also belongs in the libraries of materials scientists and inorganic chemists seeking a one-stop resource on the novel aspects of photo-, electro-, and photoelectro-catalytic reactions.

Computational Photocatalysis

Computational Photocatalysis
Author: Dmitri Kilin
Publisher:
Total Pages: 368
Release: 2021-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780841235540
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Photochemical reactions and the underlying photophysical principles play key roles in the rational design of efficient systems for energy conversion and storage. This volume on interfaces contains fundamental theory, computational models, and applications for real materials. Edited by experts with a deep knowledge of the community, the volume will be useful to computational chemists, materials scientists, physical chemists, and especially those working in energy and nanomaterials.

Hydrogen Production Technologies

Hydrogen Production Technologies
Author: Mehmet Sankir
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 653
Release: 2017-03-20
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1119283655
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Provides a comprehensive practical review of the new technologies used to obtain hydrogen more efficiently via catalytic, electrochemical, bio- and photohydrogen production. Hydrogen has been gaining more attention in both transportation and stationary power applications. Fuel cell-powered cars are on the roads and the automotive industry is demanding feasible and efficient technologies to produce hydrogen. The principles and methods described herein lead to reasonable mitigation of the great majority of problems associated with hydrogen production technologies. The chapters in this book are written by distinguished authors who have extensive experience in their fields, and readers will have a chance to compare the fundamental production techniques and learn about the pros and cons of these technologies. The book is organized into three parts. Part I shows the catalytic and electrochemical principles involved in hydrogen production technologies. Part II addresses hydrogen production from electrochemically active bacteria (EAB) by decomposing organic compound into hydrogen in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). The final part of the book is concerned with photohydrogen generation. Recent developments in the area of semiconductor-based nanomaterials, specifically semiconductor oxides, nitrides and metal free semiconductor-based nanomaterials for photocatalytic hydrogen production are extensively discussed.

Electrochemical Power Sources: Fundamentals, Systems, and Applications

Electrochemical Power Sources: Fundamentals, Systems, and Applications
Author: Tom Smolinka
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 512
Release: 2021-10-25
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0128194251
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Electrochemical Power Sources: Fundamentals, Systems, and Applications: Hydrogen Production by Water Electrolysis offers a comprehensive overview about different hydrogen production technologies, including their technical features, development stage, recent advances, and technical and economic issues of system integration. Allied processes such as regenerative fuel cells and sea water electrolysis are also covered. For many years hydrogen production by water electrolysis was of minor importance, but research and development in the field has increased significantly in recent years, and a comprehensive overview is missing. This book bridges this gap and provides a general reference to the topic. Hydrogen production by water electrolysis is the main technology to integrate high shares of electricity from renewable energy sources and balance out the supply and demand match in the energy system. Different electrochemical approaches exist to produce hydrogen from RES (Renewable Energy Sources). Covers the fundamentals of hydrogen production by water electrolysis Reviews all relevant technologies comprehensively Outlines important technical and economic issues of system integration Includes commercial examples and demonstrates electrolyzer projects

Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier

Hydrogen as an Energy Carrier
Author: G. Imarisio
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 542
Release: 1983-10-31
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9789027716590
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Proceedings of the 3rd International Seminar, held in Lyon, May 25-27, 1983

Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Author: H.- J. Lewerenz
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Total Pages: 497
Release: 2013
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1849736472
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There has been a resurgence of interest in light-induced water splitting as the search for storable carbon neutral energy becomes more urgent. Although the history of the basic idea dates back more than four decades, efficient, economical and stable integrated devices have yet to be realized. In the continuing quest for such devices, the field of photoelectrochemistry is entering a new phase where the extraordinary interdisciplinary of the research and development efforts are opening new avenues. This aspect of current research effort is reflected in the chapters of this book, which encompass present thinking in the various disciplines such as materials science, photo-electrochemistry and interfaces that can contribute to realization of viable solar fuel generators. This book presents a blend of the background science and recent advances in the field of photoelectrochemical water splitting, and includes aspects that point towards medium to long term future realization. The content of the book goes beyond the more traditional approaches to the subject by including topics such as novel excitation energy processes that have only been realized so far in advanced photonics. The comprehensive overview of current activities and development horizons provided by the impressive collection of internationally renowned authors therefore represents a unique reflection of current thinking regarding water splitting by light.