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How Partisan Media Polarize America

How Partisan Media Polarize America
Author: Matthew Levendusky
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 223
Release: 2013-09-05
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 022606915X

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Forty years ago, viewers who wanted to watch the news could only choose from among the major broadcast networks, all of which presented the same news without any particular point of view. Today we have a much broader array of choices, including cable channels offering a partisan take. With partisan programs gaining in popularity, some argue that they are polarizing American politics, while others counter that only a tiny portion of the population watches such programs and that their viewers tend to already hold similar beliefs. In How Partisan Media Polarize America, Matthew Levendusky confirms—but also qualifies—both of these claims. Drawing on experiments and survey data, he shows that Americans who watch partisan programming do become more certain of their beliefs and less willing to weigh the merits of opposing views or to compromise. And while only a small segment of the American population watches partisan media programs, those who do tend to be more politically engaged, and their effects on national politics are therefore far-reaching. In a time when politics seem doomed to partisan discord, How Partisan Media Polarize America offers a much-needed clarification of the role partisan media might play.


How Partisan Media Polarize America

How Partisan Media Polarize America
Author: Matthew Levendusky
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2013-09-05
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9780226068961

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Forty years ago, viewers who wanted to watch the news could only choose from among the major broadcast networks, all of which presented the same news without any particular point of view. Today we have a much broader array of choices, including cable channels offering a partisan take. With partisan programs gaining in popularity, some argue that they are polarizing American politics, while others counter that only a tiny portion of the population watches such programs and that their viewers tend to already hold similar beliefs. In How Partisan Media Polarize America, Matthew Levendusky confirms—but also qualifies—both of these claims. Drawing on experiments and survey data, he shows that Americans who watch partisan programming do become more certain of their beliefs and less willing to weigh the merits of opposing views or to compromise. And while only a small segment of the American population watches partisan media programs, those who do tend to be more politically engaged, and their effects on national politics are therefore far-reaching. In a time when politics seem doomed to partisan discord, How Partisan Media Polarize America offers a much-needed clarification of the role partisan media might play.


How Partisan Media Polarize America

How Partisan Media Polarize America
Author: Matthew Levendusky
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2013
Genre: Mass media and public opinion
ISBN:

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Changing Minds or Changing Channels?

Changing Minds or Changing Channels?
Author: Kevin Arceneaux
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 255
Release: 2013-08-27
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 022604744X

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We live in an age of media saturation, where with a few clicks of the remote—or mouse—we can tune in to programming where the facts fit our ideological predispositions. But what are the political consequences of this vast landscape of media choice? Partisan news has been roundly castigated for reinforcing prior beliefs and contributing to the highly polarized political environment we have today, but there is little evidence to support this claim, and much of what we know about the impact of news media come from studies that were conducted at a time when viewers chose from among six channels rather than scores. Through a series of innovative experiments, Kevin Arceneaux and Martin Johnson show that such criticism is unfounded. Americans who watch cable news are already polarized, and their exposure to partisan programming of their choice has little influence on their political positions. In fact, the opposite is true: viewers become more polarized when forced to watch programming that opposes their beliefs. A much more troubling consequence of the ever-expanding media environment, the authors show, is that it has allowed people to tune out the news: the four top-rated partisan news programs draw a mere three percent of the total number of people watching television. Overturning much of the conventional wisdom, Changing Minds or Changing Channels? demonstrate that the strong effects of media exposure found in past research are simply not applicable in today’s more saturated media landscape.


Why We're Polarized

Why We're Polarized
Author: Ezra Klein
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Total Pages: 208
Release: 2020-01-28
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1476700397

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ONE OF BARACK OBAMA’S FAVORITE BOOKS OF 2022 One of Bill Gates’s “5 books to read this summer,” this New York Times and Wall Street Journal bestseller shows us that America’s political system isn’t broken. The truth is scarier: it’s working exactly as designed. In this “superbly researched” (The Washington Post) and timely book, journalist Ezra Klein reveals how that system is polarizing us—and how we are polarizing it—with disastrous results. “The American political system—which includes everyone from voters to journalists to the president—is full of rational actors making rational decisions given the incentives they face,” writes political analyst Ezra Klein. “We are a collection of functional parts whose efforts combine into a dysfunctional whole.” “A thoughtful, clear and persuasive analysis” (The New York Times Book Review), Why We’re Polarized reveals the structural and psychological forces behind America’s descent into division and dysfunction. Neither a polemic nor a lament, this book offers a clear framework for understanding everything from Trump’s rise to the Democratic Party’s leftward shift to the politicization of everyday culture. America is polarized, first and foremost, by identity. Everyone engaged in American politics is engaged, at some level, in identity politics. Over the past fifty years in America, our partisan identities have merged with our racial, religious, geographic, ideological, and cultural identities. These merged identities have attained a weight that is breaking much in our politics and tearing at the bonds that hold this country together. Klein shows how and why American politics polarized around identity in the 20th century, and what that polarization did to the way we see the world and one another. And he traces the feedback loops between polarized political identities and polarized political institutions that are driving our system toward crisis. “Well worth reading” (New York magazine), this is an “eye-opening” (O, The Oprah Magazine) book that will change how you look at politics—and perhaps at yourself.


Frenemies

Frenemies
Author: Jaime E. Settle
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 333
Release: 2018-08-30
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1108472532

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Social media is polarizing America: using Facebook causes Americans to negatively judge and stereotype those people with whom they disagree about politics.


American Gridlock

American Gridlock
Author: James A. Thurber
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 435
Release: 2015-11-12
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1107114160

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American Gridlock is a comprehensive analysis of polarization encompassing national and state politics, voters, elites, activists, the media, and the three branches of government.


The Partisan Sort

The Partisan Sort
Author: Matthew Levendusky
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 200
Release: 2009-12-15
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0226473678

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As Washington elites drifted toward ideological poles over the past few decades, did ordinary Americans follow their lead? In The Partisan Sort, Matthew Levendusky reveals that we have responded to this trend—but not, for the most part, by becoming more extreme ourselves. While polarization has filtered down to a small minority of voters, it also has had the more significant effect of reconfiguring the way we sort ourselves into political parties. In a marked realignment since the 1970s—when partisan affiliation did not depend on ideology and both major parties had strong liberal and conservative factions—liberals today overwhelmingly identify with Democrats, as conservatives do with Republicans. This “sorting,” Levendusky contends, results directly from the increasingly polarized terms in which political leaders define their parties. Exploring its far-reaching implications for the American political landscape, he demonstrates that sorting makes voters more loyally partisan, allowing campaigns to focus more attention on mobilizing committed supporters. Ultimately, Levendusky concludes, this new link between party and ideology represents a sea change in American politics.


The Mediated Sort

The Mediated Sort
Author: Kyle John Lorenzano
Publisher:
Total Pages: 134
Release: 2018
Genre:
ISBN:

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Political polarization has been commonly identified in contemporary news coverage as a key problem for civility and the preservation of democratic institutions in the U.S. (Foran, 2017). However, the exact causes of polarization and how to define it have hotly contested in the existing communication and political science literature (Fiorina, Abrams & Pope, 2005; McCarty, Poole & Rosenthal, 2006). While a consensus has been reached that much of this polarization on the part of Democrats and Republicans in Congress who continue to grow further apart ideologically, others have also examined the media's role in polarizing the beliefs and attitudes of everyday Americans (Iyengar & Hahn, 2009). At the same time, other scholars like Levendusky (2009) have attempted to reconceptualize polarization as an increasingly alignment between political ideology and affiliation with one of the two major political parties, i.e. partisan sorting. Additional research has established an association between consuming opinionated cable talk shows and a tendency to become "sorted" (Levendusky, 2013a), but existing scholarship in this area has not addressed sorting in the context of emerging internet and social media-based forms of partisan media. To address this gap in the literature, two studies were conducted which confronted this very question: Study 1 relied qualitative in-depth interviews, while Study 2 relied on statistical analyses of cross-sectional survey data. Results from these two studies demonstrates that a positive relationship does exist between emerging partisan media and sorting, but only among individuals who identify with the Democratic Party. Following an explanation of these results, normative/scholarly implications for understandings of political polarization in the U.S. are discussed along with future areas of research on polarization and partisan sorting.


Democracies Divided

Democracies Divided
Author: Thomas Carothers
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Total Pages: 321
Release: 2019-09-24
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 081573722X

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“A must-read for anyone concerned about the fate of contemporary democracies.”—Steven Levitsky, co-author of How Democracies Die 2020 CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title Why divisions have deepened and what can be done to heal them As one part of the global democratic recession, severe political polarization is increasingly afflicting old and new democracies alike, producing the erosion of democratic norms and rising societal anger. This volume is the first book-length comparative analysis of this troubling global phenomenon, offering in-depth case studies of countries as wide-ranging and important as Brazil, India, Kenya, Poland, Turkey, and the United States. The case study authors are a diverse group of country and regional experts, each with deep local knowledge and experience. Democracies Divided identifies and examines the fissures that are dividing societies and the factors bringing polarization to a boil. In nearly every case under study, political entrepreneurs have exploited and exacerbated long-simmering divisions for their own purposes—in the process undermining the prospects for democratic consensus and productive governance. But this book is not simply a diagnosis of what has gone wrong. Each case study discusses actions that concerned citizens and organizations are taking to counter polarizing forces, whether through reforms to political parties, institutions, or the media. The book’s editors distill from the case studies a range of possible ways for restoring consensus and defeating polarization in the world’s democracies. Timely, rigorous, and accessible, this book is of compelling interest to civic activists, political actors, scholars, and ordinary citizens in societies beset by increasingly rancorous partisanship.