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How Can the Human Mind Occur in the Physical Universe?

How Can the Human Mind Occur in the Physical Universe?
Author: John R. Anderson
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 304
Release: 2009-08-28
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0199741263

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"The question for me is how can the human mind occur in the physical universe. We now know that the world is governed by physics. We now understand the way biology nestles comfortably within that. The issue is how will the mind do that as well."--Allen Newell, December 4, 1991, Carnegie Mellon University The argument John Anderson gives in this book was inspired by the passage above, from the last lecture by one of the pioneers of cognitive science. Newell describes what, for him, is the pivotal question of scientific inquiry, and Anderson gives an answer that is emerging from the study of brain and behavior. Humans share the same basic cognitive architecture with all primates, but they have evolved abilities to exercise abstract control over cognition and process more complex relational patterns. The human cognitive architecture consists of a set of largely independent modules associated with different brain regions. In this book, Anderson discusses in detail how these various modules can combine to produce behaviors as varied as driving a car and solving an algebraic equation, but focuses principally on two of the modules: the declarative and procedural. The declarative module involves a memory system that, moment by moment, attempts to give each person the most appropriate possible window into his or her past. The procedural module involves a central system that strives to develop a set of productions that will enable the most adaptive response from any state of the modules. Newell argued that the answer to his question must take the form of a cognitive architecture, and Anderson organizes his answer around the ACT-R architecture, but broadens it by bringing in research from all areas of cognitive science, including how recent work in brain imaging maps onto the cognitive architecture.


How Can the Human Mind Occur in the Physical Universe?

How Can the Human Mind Occur in the Physical Universe?
Author: John Robert Anderson
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 301
Release: 2014-05-14
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 9781435620322

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The argument John Anderson illustrates in this book was inspired by the last lecture given by one of the pioneers of cognitive science, Alan Newell. Newell describes what, for him, is the pivotal question of scientific inquiry, and Anderson gives an answer that emerges from the study of brain and behaviour.


The Universe Within

The Universe Within
Author: Morton M. Hunt
Publisher: Simon & Schuster
Total Pages: 424
Release: 1982
Genre: Psychology
ISBN:

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Interviews with scientists in the forefront of research and discovery in the workings of the mind underlie an examination of the brain's evolution, physiology, and functions and of thought processes, problem solving, and creativity.


How Can Physics Underlie the Mind?

How Can Physics Underlie the Mind?
Author: George Ellis
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 482
Release: 2016-05-31
Genre: Science
ISBN: 366249809X

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Physics underlies all complexity, including our own existence: how is this possible? How can our own lives emerge from interactions of electrons, protons, and neutrons? This book considers the interaction of physical and non-physical causation in complex systems such as living beings, and in particular in the human brain, relating this to the emergence of higher levels of complexity with real causal powers. In particular it explores the idea of top-down causation, which is the key effect allowing the emergence of true complexity and also enables the causal efficacy of non-physical entities, including the value of money, social conventions, and ethical choices.


Probable Impossibilities

Probable Impossibilities
Author: Alan Lightman
Publisher: Vintage
Total Pages: 209
Release: 2022-04-19
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0593081323

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The acclaimed author of Einstein’s Dreams tackles "big questions like the origin of the universe and the nature of consciousness ... in an entertaining and easily digestible way” (Wall Street Journal) with a collection of meditative essays on the possibilities—and impossibilities—of nothingness and infinity, and how our place in the cosmos falls somewhere in between. Can space be divided into smaller and smaller units, ad infinitum? Does space extend to larger and larger regions, on and on to infinity? Is consciousness reducible to the material brain and its neurons? What was the origin of life, and can biologists create life from scratch in the lab? Physicist and novelist Alan Lightman, whom The Washington Post has called “the poet laureate of science writers,” explores these questions and more—from the anatomy of a smile to the capriciousness of memory to the specialness of life in the universe to what came before the Big Bang. Probable Impossibilities is a deeply engaged consideration of what we know of the universe, of life and the mind, and of things vastly larger and smaller than ourselves.


A New Kind of Science

A New Kind of Science
Author: Stephen Wolfram
Publisher:
Total Pages: 1197
Release: 2002
Genre: Cellular automata
ISBN: 9780713991161

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This work presents a series of dramatic discoveries never before made public. Starting from a collection of simple computer experiments---illustrated in the book by striking computer graphics---Wolfram shows how their unexpected results force a whole new way of looking at the operation of our universe. Wolfram uses his approach to tackle a remarkable array of fundamental problems in science: from the origin of the Second Law of thermodynamics, to the development of complexity in biology, the computational limitations of mathematics, the possibility of a truly fundamental theory of physics, and the interplay between free will and determinism.


The Disembodied Mind

The Disembodied Mind
Author: James C. Austin
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Total Pages: 457
Release: 2020-01-06
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1527544966

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Since classical times we have seen considerable progress in our understanding of the physical world through the disciplines of science. However, when it comes to the mind and its most palpable property, consciousness, we have difficulty attempting any kind of meaningful discussion. Can material things be conscious, or is the mind entirely separate from physics? If we insist on the latter, how does the mind relate to the physical world? Relying more on evidence rooted in the empirical sciences than on standard philosophical arguments, this book disseminates a persuasive and self-consistent model implying an objective mind completely unconnected with anything physical. Moreover it means that the mind has no effect on the physical domain, but, by free volition, is able to navigate its way through a myriad of configurations that constitute the world we experience.


Biocentrism

Biocentrism
Author: Robert Lanza
Publisher: ReadHowYouWant.com
Total Pages: 298
Release: 2011
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1458795179

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Robert Lanza is one of the most respected scientists in the world a US News and World Report cover story called him a genius and a renegade thinker, even likening him to Einstein. Lanza has teamed with Bob Berman, the most widely read astronomer in the world, to produce Biocentrism, a revolutionary new view of the universe. Every now and then a simple yet radical idea shakes the very foundations of knowledge. The startling discovery that the world was not flat challenged and ultimately changed the way people perceived themselves and their relationship with the world. For most humans of the 15th century, the notion of Earth as ball of rock was nonsense. The whole of Western, natural philosophy is undergoing a sea change again, increasingly being forced upon us by the experimental findings of quantum theory, and at the same time, toward doubt and uncertainty in the physical explanations of the universes genesis and structure. Biocentrism completes this shift in worldview, turning the planet upside down again with the revolutionary view that life creates the universe instead of the other way around. In this paradigm, life is not an accidental byproduct of the laws of physics. Biocentrism takes the reader on a seemingly improbable but ultimately inescapable journey through a foreign universe our own from the viewpoints of an acclaimed biologist and a leading astronomer. Switching perspective from physics to biology unlocks the cages in which Western science has unwittingly managed to confine itself. Biocentrism will shatter the readers ideas of life--time and space, and even death. At the same time it will release us from the dull worldview of life being merely the activity of an admixture of carbon and a few other elements; it suggests the exhilarating possibility that life is fundamentally immortal. The 21st century is predicted to be the Century of Biology, a shift from the previous century dominated by physics. It seems fitting, then, to begin the century by turning the universe outside-in and unifying the foundations of science with a simple idea discovered by one of the leading life-scientists of our age. Biocentrism awakens in readers a new sense of possibility, and is full of so many shocking new perspectives that the reader will never see reality the same way again.


Cracking the Code of Our Physical Universe

Cracking the Code of Our Physical Universe
Author: Matthew M. Radmanesh
Publisher: AuthorHouse
Total Pages: 420
Release: 2006-05-30
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1425916007

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What sets this book apart is the fact that it is not just another science book describing scientific facts and phenomena! It would surely be redundant since that task has been done many times over with much more elegant prose and brighter narrators. In this book, for the first time we have undertaken the task of breaking the code of any piece of matter or natural phenomena; whether it is an atom, a quantum occurance, a planet, a galaxy, or any other perceivable thing. It covers any natural phenomena ever discovered or one that will be unravelled by the future pioneers in their respective fields. This book provides the trail map of any and all things that man has discovered and shows how their codes were cracked. The list of discoveries is endless but prominent amongst them are the discovery of fire, elecricity, magnetism, laws of motion, the solar system and planets, so on and so forth. This book goes beyond just pure science since it fuses philosophy with science. It actually makes science a subset of philosophy, or more precisely, applied philosophy. Just like the light phenomenon, which was made to be a subset of the field of electricity by James Clerk Maxwell, revolutionizing our technical world, so does this book by bringing a new era of incredible developments for mankind!


The Human Mind

The Human Mind
Author: Valentin Matcas
Publisher: Valentin Leonard Matcas
Total Pages: 209
Release: 2014-10-16
Genre: Psychology
ISBN:

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It is nice to learn how mysterious and complex the human mind is, who discovered the synapse, when, in what specific university, and what everyone was doing that day, but what you really want to know is how your mind functions, how you reason, how you have your feelings and ideas, and how your mind affects you in every detail. You want to know exactly what happens in your mind when you watch the painting of Renoir with the beautiful woman wearing the white dress and playing the grand piano and why it makes you enjoy a beautiful moment then, compared to watching sofas and armchairs. You want to know all details related to how a simple yellow car on the road can remind you of your best friend and of all the loving moments that you once had, through what cognitive mechanisms it happens, and even more, you want to know why it reminds you of your friend sometimes, while other times it associates with work, rain, and shopping. How exactly does the mind know all these? Since it is interesting as it happens, while it remains at an unconscious level, and you just cannot find out how it takes place, in order to be able to control it and use it whenever you desire. You want to know exactly how you are able to predict the displacement of a tennis ball in order to hit it perfectly in an instant giving its exact speed, direction, and angular momentum necessary to win, and doing so long before your conscious mind even perceives the ball. How can your subconscious do so without your conscious mind, while the conscious mind should be more capable and therefore better prepared according to science? What is the exact cognitive mechanism? Because if you can only know it, all your strategies in life can become flawless. You want to know exactly how your mind is able to solve advanced mathematical problems and how it retrieves on its own the proper knowledge in order to perform very abstract operations. How does everything happen? How do you have your ideas in mathematics, business, and art? What is the human creativity, and how can the human mind achieve it at will and in all domains? What exactly makes your brain perform better or worse under all circumstances, and why exactly is reasoning different in everybody? How do you perform abstract thinking? How do you imagine? How exactly does your mind generate plans and strategies related to important future events? How do you comprehend and enjoy various topics in psychology, literature, mathematics, art, and music? How do you love? How does everything happen within your mind, brain, and the entire organism? Because this is of interest, this is what you want to know, while this is what you actually need in life, since without these, you cannot understand your mind, the extraordinary human mind. And since your mind and reasoning integrate you in life and in the world, now you cannot understand yourself, life, the world, and your place and meaning in life and in the world without understanding the human mind along with the human reasoning. While it is meaningful to know these well, otherwise you end up doing everything else instead of reasoning accurately, developing entirely, and behaving adequately in life and in the world. Since ignorance always harms the world, while now it even has its own cause, the lack of accurate knowledge about the human mind. Throughout this book, we create a comprehensive mental model for the human mind, including its structure, abilities, development, interconnectivity, reasoning, and further meanings, allowing you to understand yourself and your entire cognition. If you want to understand the human mind in all its meaningful details, this book is for you.