Hiv Oral Pre Exposure Prophylaxis Prep Trials PDF Download
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| Author | : King K. Holmes |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 1027 |
| Release | : 2017-11-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1464805253 |
Download Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6) Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
| Author | : Madzouka B. Kokolo |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 340 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : University of Ottawa theses |
| ISBN | : |
Download HIV Oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Trials Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an experimental HIV prevention approach whereby antiretroviral pills are used 'before' anticipated exposure. It is unclear how ethical considerations have been addressed by investigators. METHODS. A systematic review of PrEP controlled prospective studies was conducted. Pre-determined data items were extracted from registries, protocols, reports, and consent forms. Study characteristics, methods, and ethics considerations were synthesized. RESULTS. Among sixteen studies included, twelve involved resource-limited countries. Quality scores were generally high and overall risk of bias was low. Considerations for social value were the least reported whereas considerations for the 'fair selection of study population ' were the most reported. More ethics considerations tend to be reported with time. No meta-analysis was performed, as few data were available. CONCLUSION. As critical as clinical data generation is for scientific progress, ethics should be monitored and adequately reported, lest lack of consideration for key principles be uncovered after the facts.
| Author | : World Health Organization. Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse |
| Publisher | : World Health Organization |
| Total Pages | : 133 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9241547545 |
Download Guidelines for the Psychosocially Assisted Pharmacological Treatment of Opioid Dependence Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
"These guidelines were produced by the World Health Organization (WHO), Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, in collaboration with the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) a Guidelines Development Group of technical experts, and in consultation with the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) secretariat and other WHO departments. WHO also wishes to acknowledge the financial contribution of UNODC and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) to this project. " - p. iv
| Author | : World Health Organization |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 429 |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : AIDS (Disease) |
| ISBN | : 9789241549684 |
Download Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
These guidelines provide guidance on the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection and the care of people living with HIV. They are structured along the continuum of HIV testing, prevention, treatment and care. This edition updates the 2013 consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs following an extensive review of evidence and consultations in mid-2015, shared at the end of 2015, and now published in full in 2016. It is being published in a changing global context for HIV and for health more broadly.
| Author | : Pamela M. Murnane |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 81 |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download Understanding Factors that Influence Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Efficacy for HIV-1 Prevention Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a promising new HIV-1 prevention strategy, with demonstrated efficacy from four randomized clinical trials. However, two trials of PrEP, both among heterosexual African women, did not find efficacy for protection against HIV-1. While adherence to PrEP has been proposed as the primary driver of the range of results across trials, other factors warrant investigation. This dissertation work contributes to our understanding of behavioral and biological factors that influence the effectiveness of PrEP and aims to inform PrEP implementation strategies. This dissertation was conducted within the Partners PrEP Study, a placebo-controlled, randomized trial of daily oral PrEP among 4747 heterosexual HIV-1 serodiscordant couples (one partner is infected with HIV-1 and the other partner is uninfected) in Kenya and Uganda which demonstrated high efficacy for two daily oral PrEP regimens, tenofovir alone and co-formulated tenofovir-emtricitabine. In a series of secondary analyses of data from the Partners PrEP Study, we evaluated the effect of PrEP among high-risk subgroups to determine whether efficacy was sustained in the context of high HIV exposure, we estimated the causal effect of PrEP when adherence was estimated to be high by applying multiple methods to correct for non-adherence in randomized trials, and we assessed whether PrEP adversely impacted hormonal contraceptive effectiveness for pregnancy prevention, as young women are a priority population for HIV prevention. The work presented here supports the hypothesis that the key driver of divergent PrEP trial results was adherence, and indicates that oral PrEP is highly effective for women and men, reducing HIV-1 risk by over 80% when estimated to have been used with high adherence. These analyses contribute to a more nuanced understanding of how PrEP works and inform guidelines for initiating PrEP among persons at risk of HIV-1 acquisition.
| Author | : Matthias Gotte |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2018-02-12 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9781493906932 |
Download Handbook of Antimicrobial Resistance Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
While many volumes have been written about various aspects of antimicrobial resistance, this book is a comprehensive reference work. All manifestations of resistance are addressed: viral; bacterial, parasitical and fungal are given dedicated sections. The underlining molecular mechanisms, which depend not only on the microbe but on the specific drug (target), are highly diverse. This work discusses and compares the biological, biochemical and structural aspects of resistance and its evolution.
| Author | : Jonathan Crush |
| Publisher | : African Books Collective |
| Total Pages | : 44 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1920409491 |
Download Migration-induced HIV and AIDS in Rural Mozambique and Swaziland Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
South Africa's gold mining workforce has the highest prevalence rates of tuberculosis and HIV infection of any industrial sector in the country. The contract migrant labour system, which has long outlived apartheid, is responsible for this unacceptable situation. The spread of HIV to rural communities in Southern Africa is not well understood. The accepted wisdom is that migrants leave for the mines, engage in high-risk behaviour, contract the virus and return to infect their rural partners. This model fails to deal with the phenomenon of rural-rural transmission and cases of HIV discordance (when the female migrant is infected and the male migrant not). Nor does it reveal whether all rural partners are equally at risk of infection. This study examines the vulnerability of rural partners in southern Mozambique and southern Swaziland, which are two major source areas for migrant miners. It presents the results of surveys with miners and partners in these two sending-areas and affords the opportunity to compare two different mine-sending areas. The two areas are not only geographically and culturally different, they have had contrasting experiences with the mine labour system over the last two decades. The spread of HIV in Southern Africa in the 1990s coincided with major downsizing and retrenchment in the gold mining industry which impacted differently on Mozambique and Swaziland. Swaziland has been in decline as a source of mine migrants while Mozambique remained a relatively stable source of mine migrants. The study therefore aims not only to shed light on vulnerability in mine sending areas, but also to draw out any contrasts that might exist between two mine-sending areas that were inserted into the mine migrant labour system in different ways during the expansion of the HIV epidemic.
| Author | : Paul Volberding |
| Publisher | : Elsevier Health Sciences |
| Total Pages | : 850 |
| Release | : 2008 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 141602882X |
Download Global HIV/AIDS Medicine Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
HIV/AIDS management poses many different challenges around the world, and the therapies available in the West are often not economically feasible in developing countries. This new book is the first to address the myriad of clinical difficulties faced by health practitioners worldwide in managing HIV/AIDS. Edited by the same authorities responsible for the highly respected reference "The Medical Management of AIDS," with Associate Editors that include the President of the International AIDS Society and a preeminent opinion leader in the fight against AIDS in Africa, and authored by a "who's who" of current global experts on HIV and AIDS medicine, this visionary text presents all the practical, indispensable information that clinicians everywhere need to offer their patients the best possible care. Access reliable, up-to-the-minute guidance that addresses the realities of HIV/AIDS management in your geographical region, thanks to contributions from a global cast of renowned expert clinicians and researchers. Locate the clinically actionable information you need quickly with an organization that mirrors the current state of the AIDS epidemic and the different needs of Western vs. developing-world patients and clinicians. Diagnose AIDS manifestations confidently by comparing them to full-color clinical images. Review essential data quickly through numerous at-a-glance tables.
| Author | : Quarraisha Abdool Karim |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 243 |
| Release | : 2018-04-29 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9783319837567 |
Download The CAPRISA Clinical Trials: HIV Treatment and Prevention Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Since its inception 14 years ago, CAPRISA has conducted numerous clinical studies that have influenced international TB-HIV treatment guidelines as well as HIV prevention through innovations in the microbicide and vaccine fields. This book provides a historical account of how each of CAPRISA’s high impact studies was created, developed, implemented, analysed and communicated. In doing so, the reader is taken on a journey that provides glimpses into the genesis of research ideas and how this ultimately leads to a range of HIV prevention and treatment studies that have impacted the global response to the HIV and TB epidemics. Comprised of 5 sections, the book details the following: HIV epidemic in South Africa and the establishment of a research centre to undertake clinical, epidemiological and laboratory research on HIV. CAPRISA’s clinical trials on HIV and HSV-2 prevention. These studies investigated the impact of tenofovir gel as topical antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), implementation of topical PrEP through family planning clinics, conditional cash incentives for HIV prevention, HIV vaccines, and passive immunisation with broadly neutralising antibodies. CAPRISA’s research on the treatment of HIV and TB co-infection. A review of the major scientific findings from the CAPRISA studies on acute infection and genital mucosal immunology. Essential support activities for the conduct of clinical trials, including research laboratories and pharmacies, as well as establishing effective communication and sustainable structures for community engagement to maintain effective and respectful partnerships with participating communities. The book concludes with a chapter about the challenges facing future HIV prevention and treatment trials. The CAPRISA Clinical Trials: HIV Treatment and Prevention is a resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students, health care providers, doctors, decision-makers and researchers who are seeking guidance and insights on clinical trials – their creation, conduct and impact.
| Author | : Nancy Dumais |
| Publisher | : BoD – Books on Demand |
| Total Pages | : 176 |
| Release | : 2017-02-22 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9535129619 |
Download HIV/AIDS Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
With increasing efficacy of antiretroviral therapy, HIV/AIDS has shifted from a disease with high mortality to a chronic illness with substantial longevity. However, researchers, physicians and social workers still face many challenges, and it is important to raise awareness on several aspects that people living with HIV/AIDS have to deal in their daily lives. This book has assembled an array of chapters on the medical, social and economic aspects of HIV/AIDS. The chapters were written by experts from around the globe reflecting the importance of the topic. This book will be of great interest not only to graduate students but also to active academics and practitioners.
