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High Voltage Devices and Circuits in Standard CMOS Technologies

High Voltage Devices and Circuits in Standard CMOS Technologies
Author: Hussein Ballan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 294
Release: 2013-03-14
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1475754043

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Standard voltages used in today's ICs may vary from about 1.3V to more than 100V, depending on the technology and the application. High voltage is therefore a relative notion. High Voltage Devices and Circuits in Standard CMOS Technologies is mainly focused on standard CMOS technologies, where high voltage (HV) is defined as any voltage higher than the nominal (low) voltage, i.e. 5V, 3.3V, or even lower. In this standard CMOS environment, IC designers are more and more frequently confronted with HV problems, particularly at the I/O level of the circuit. In the first group of applications, a large range of industrial or consumer circuits either require HV driving capabilities, or are supposed to work in a high-voltage environment. This includes ultrasonic drivers, flat panel displays, robotics, automotive, etc. On the other hand, in the emerging field of integrated microsystems, MEMS actuators mainly make use of electrostatic forces involving voltages in the typical range of 30 to 60V. Last but not least, with the advent of deep sub-micron and/or low-power technologies, the operating voltage tends towards levels ranging from 1V to 2.5V, while the interface needs to be compatible with higher voltages, such as 5V. For all these categories of applications, it is usually preferable to perform most of the signal processing at low voltage, while the resulting output rises to a higher voltage level. Solving this problem requires some special actions at three levels: technology, circuit design and layout. High Voltage Devices and Circuits in Standard CMOS Technologies addresses these topics in a clear and organized way. The theoretical background is supported by practical information and design examples. It is an invaluable reference for researchers and professionals in both the design and device communities.


Low Power RF Circuit Design in Standard CMOS Technology

Low Power RF Circuit Design in Standard CMOS Technology
Author: Unai Alvarado
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 248
Release: 2011-10-18
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3642229875

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Low Power Consumption is one of the critical issues in the performance of small battery-powered handheld devices. Mobile terminals feature an ever increasing number of wireless communication alternatives including GPS, Bluetooth, GSM, 3G, WiFi or DVB-H. Considering that the total power available for each terminal is limited by the relatively slow increase in battery performance expected in the near future, the need for efficient circuits is now critical. This book presents the basic techniques available to design low power RF CMOS analogue circuits. It gives circuit designers a complete guide of alternatives to optimize power consumption and explains the application of these rules in the most common RF building blocks: LNA, mixers and PLLs. It is set out using practical examples and offers a unique perspective as it targets designers working within the standard CMOS process and all the limitations inherent in these technologies.


Multi-voltage CMOS Circuit Design

Multi-voltage CMOS Circuit Design
Author: Volkan Kursun
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 242
Release: 2006-08-30
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 047001024X

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This book presents an in-depth treatment of various power reduction and speed enhancement techniques based on multiple supply and threshold voltages. A detailed discussion of the sources of power consumption in CMOS circuits will be provided whilst focusing primarily on identifying the mechanisms by which sub-threshold and gate oxide leakage currents are generated. The authors present a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art dynamic, static supply and threshold voltage scaling techniques and discuss the pros and cons of supply and threshold voltage scaling techniques.


Design of High Voltage xDSL Line Drivers in Standard CMOS

Design of High Voltage xDSL Line Drivers in Standard CMOS
Author: Bert Serneels
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 194
Release: 2008-01-08
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1402067909

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This book fits in the quest for highly efficient fully integrated xDSL modems for central office applications. It presents a summary of research at one of Europe’s most famous analog design research groups over a five year period. The book focuses on the line driver, the most demanding building block of the xDSL modem for lowering power. The book covers the total design flow of monolithic CMOS high voltage circuits. It is essential reading for analog design engineers.


Parasitic Substrate Coupling in High Voltage Integrated Circuits

Parasitic Substrate Coupling in High Voltage Integrated Circuits
Author: Pietro Buccella
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 195
Release: 2018-03-14
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3319743821

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This book introduces a new approach to model and predict substrate parasitic failures in integrated circuits with standard circuit design tools. The injection of majority and minority carriers in the substrate is a recurring problem in smart power ICs containing high voltage, high current switching devices besides sensitive control, protection and signal processing circuits. The injection of parasitic charges leads to the activation of substrate bipolar transistors. This book explores how these events can be evaluated for a wide range of circuit topologies. To this purpose, new generalized devices implemented in Verilog-A are used to model the substrate with standard circuit simulators. This approach was able to predict for the first time the activation of a latch-up in real circuits through post-layout SPICE simulation analysis. Discusses substrate modeling and circuit-level simulation of parasitic bipolar device coupling effects in integrated circuits; Includes circuit back-annotation of the parasitic lateral n-p-n and vertical p-n-p bipolar transistors in the substrate; Uses Spice for simulation and characterization of parasitic bipolar transistors, latch-up of the parasitic p-n-p-n structure, and electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection devices; Offers design guidelines to reduce couplings by adding specific protections.


Optoelectronic Circuits in Nanometer CMOS Technology

Optoelectronic Circuits in Nanometer CMOS Technology
Author: Mohamed Atef
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 253
Release: 2016-03-04
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3319273388

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This book describes the newest implementations of integrated photodiodes fabricated in nanometer standard CMOS technologies. It also includes the required fundamentals, the state-of-the-art, and the design of high-performance laser drivers, transimpedance amplifiers, equalizers, and limiting amplifiers fabricated in nanometer CMOS technologies. This book shows the newest results for the performance of integrated optical receivers, laser drivers, modulator drivers and optical sensors in nanometer standard CMOS technologies. Nanometer CMOS technologies rapidly advanced, enabling the implementation of integrated optical receivers for high data rates of several Giga-bits per second and of high-pixel count optical imagers and sensors. In particular, low cost silicon CMOS optoelectronic integrated circuits became very attractive because they can be extensively applied to short-distance optical communications, such as local area network, chip-to-chip and board-to-board interconnects as well as to imaging and medical sensors.


Analog Circuit Design

Analog Circuit Design
Author: Johan Huijsing
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 406
Release: 2013-03-20
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1402028059

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Analog Circuit Design contains the contribution of 18 experts from the 13th International Workshop on Advances in Analog Circuit Design. It is number 13 in the successful series of Analog Circuit Design. It provides 18 excellent overviews of analog circuit design in: Sensor and Actuator Interfaces, Integrated High-Voltage Electronics and Power Management, and Low-Power and High-Resolution ADC’s. Analog Circuit Design is an essential reference source for analog circuits designers and researchers wishing to keep abreast with the latest developments in the field. The tutorial coverage also makes it suitable for use in an advanced design course.


High Voltage Analog Design in a Standard Digital CMOS Process

High Voltage Analog Design in a Standard Digital CMOS Process
Author: Riley D. Beck
Publisher:
Total Pages: 64
Release: 2005
Genre: Analog electronic systems
ISBN:

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This thesis introduces high-voltage approaches that are implemented in an analog Hall-effect sensor interface. This interface has been realized in a modified 5V 0.6um CMOS process using 40V high-voltage MOS transistors that do not affect low-voltage device functionality. These circuits include a high-voltage, low-offset current sense amplifier, which achieves a common-mode input range that is within a Vtp of Vdd using a bulk-driven differential input stage. The amplifier also uses high voltage cascode devices to protect low-voltage devices that have been placed in critical matching areas to achieve a low input offset voltage of 500uV without the use of trim. A short to battery architecture is also discussed which uses a bulk-driven comparator and a PMOS blocking technique and allows for a reliable short to battery breakdown voltage without using a series blocking diode. Integration of these blocks into a standard CMOS process leads to cost savings as additional devices such as data converters and microprocessors are combined with the Hall-effect sensor interface.


CMOS - MEMS

CMOS - MEMS
Author: Henry Baltes
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 610
Release: 2013-03-26
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 352767506X

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This edition of 'CMOS-MEMS' was originally published in the successful series 'Advanced Micro & Nanosystems'. Here, the combination of the globally established, billion dollar chip mass fabrication technology CMOS with the fascinating and commercially promising new world of MEMS is covered from all angles. The book introduces readers to this fi eld and takes them from fabrication technologies and material charaterization aspects to the actual applications of CMOS-MEMS - a wide range of miniaturized physical, chemical and biological sensors and RF systems. Vital knowledge on circuit and system integration issues concludes this in-depth treatise, illustrating the advantages of combining CMOS and MEMS in the first place, rather than having a hybrid solution.