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Health and Nutrition in Urban Bangladesh

Health and Nutrition in Urban Bangladesh
Author: Ramesh Govindaraj
Publisher: Directions in Development
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2018
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9781464811999

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Urbanization is occurring at a rapid pace in Bangladesh, accompanied by the proliferation of slum settlements, whose residents have special health needs given the adverse social, economic, and public environmental conditions they face. Over the past 45 years, the country's health and nutrition policies and programs have focused largely on rural health services. Consequently, equitable access of urban populations--particularly the urban poor--to quality health and nutrition services has emerged as a major development issue. However, the knowledge base on urban health and nutrition in Bangladesh remains weak. To address the knowledge gap, Health and Nutrition in Urban Bangladesh: Social Determinants and Health Sector Governance examines the health and nutrition challenges in urban Bangladesh--looking at socioeconomic determinants in general and at health sector governance in particular. Using a mixed methods approach, the study identifies critical areas such as financing, regulation, service delivery, and public environmental health, among others that require policy attention. The study also proposes specific actions within and outside the health sector to address the issues, providing guidance on their sequencing and the specific responsibilities of government agencies and other actors. This study should be useful to policy makers and practitioners working on urban health and nutrition issues in Bangladesh and in other low- and middle-income countries.


Dietary change and food demand in urbanizing Bangladesh

Dietary change and food demand in urbanizing Bangladesh
Author: Ecker, Olivier
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Total Pages: 76
Release: 2021-12-31
Genre: Political Science
ISBN:

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Poor-quality diets are one of the leading causes of malnutrition and common non-communicable disease. In this study, we use nationally representative household survey data and food demand system estimations to analyze dietary change and changing consumer preferences for different foods in the context of urbanization in low- and middle-income countries. We estimate and compare income and price elasticities of total food demand and the demand for 15 food groups in rural, urban, and city areas of Bangladesh for 2010 and 2016. We then use Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition regressions to explore how much of the observed food consumption changes can be explained by changes in revealed consumer preferences vis-à-vis changes in household income and food prices. The results show that Bangladeshi diets shifted from coarse to refined rice, and consumer preferences for vegetables and pulses were relatively low, contributing to worsening dietary quality. On the other hand, the consumption of nutritious, animal-source foods including fish, poultry, and eggs increased due to high consumer preferences and declining food prices-partly thanks to governmental production support. Regarding the dietary implications of rapid urbanization, the analysis suggests that rural consumers’ diets will largely follow the trajectory of urban consumers in Bangladesh.


Complementary Feeding of Young Children in Developing Countries

Complementary Feeding of Young Children in Developing Countries
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 1998
Genre: Children
ISBN:

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This review is intended primarily for health professionals and others concerned with nutrition, health and well-being of children. The objective is to provide the background information that is necessary for the development of scientifically sound feeding recommendations and appropriate intervention programmes to enhance children's dietary intake and nutritional status. Although much of the information may be relevent for young children in industrialized countries, the review focuses on the particular needs of children in low-income sttings, and the recommendations hve been formulated with consideration for the economic and environmental constraints that are common in developing countries. [Author] The review is organized in nine sections : 1. Introduction. - 2. Breast-feeding and complementary feeding : a continuum. - 3. Energy required from complementary foods and factors affecting their intake. - 4. Protein and micronutrients required from complementary foods. - 5. Caregiver feeding behaviours. - 6. Food processing safety and quality. - 7. Global data on child-feeding practices. - 8. Programmatic interventions to improve complementary feeding. - 9. Conclusions


Private transfers, public transfers, and food insecurity during the time of COVID-19: Evidence from Bangladesh

Private transfers, public transfers, and food insecurity during the time of COVID-19: Evidence from Bangladesh
Author: Ahmed, Akhter
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Total Pages: 44
Release: 2023-01-03
Genre: Political Science
ISBN:

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In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, interest has grown in what kinds of assistance protect household food security during shocks. We study rural and urban Bangladesh from 2018-19 to late 2021, assessing how pre-pandemic access to social safety net programs and private remittances relate to household food insecurity during the pandemic. Using longitudinal data and estimating differences-in-differences models with household fixed effects, we find that pre-pandemic access to social protection is associated with significant reductions in food insecurity in all rounds collected during the pandemic, particularly in our urban sample. However, pre-pandemic access to remittances shows no similar protective effect.


Cities, Slums, and Child Nutrition in Bangladesh

Cities, Slums, and Child Nutrition in Bangladesh
Author: Dhushyanth Raju
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release:
Genre:
ISBN:

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This study uses novel household survey data that are representative of Bangladesh's large cities, and of slum and non-slum areas within the cities, to investigate the effects of demographic and socioeconomic factors on child nutrition status in 2013. The study also decomposes the difference in mean child nutrition status between slum and non-slum areas in 2013, and the increase in mean child nutrition status in slum and non-slum areas from 2006 to 2013. Mother's education attainment and household wealth largely explain the cross-sectional difference and intertemporal change in mean child nutrition status. Although positive in some cases, the effects of maternal and child health services, and potential health-protective household amenities, on child nutrition status differ by the type of health facility, household amenity, and urban area (slum or non-slum). Focusing on nutrition-sensitive programs for slum residents and the urban poor is consistent with the results. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions. https://authorservices.wiley.com/author-resources/Journal-Authors/licensing/self-archiving.html.


Management of Severe Malnutrition

Management of Severe Malnutrition
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
Total Pages: 60
Release: 1999-01-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9789241545112

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This manual provides expert practical guidelines for the management of severely malnourished children. Addressed to doctors and other senior health workers, the manual explains exactly what must be done to save lives, achieve successful management and rehabilitation, prevent relapse, and thus give these children the greatest chance of full recovery. Throughout, the importance of treating severe malnutrition as both a medical and a social disorder is repeatedly emphasized. As successful management does not require sophisticated facilities and equipment or highly qualified personnel, the manual also performs a persuasive function, encouraging health professionals to do all they can to save these children and meet their great need for care and affection. Recommended procedures draw on extensive practical experience as well as several recent therapeutic advances. These include improved solutions of oral rehydration salts for the treatment of dehydration, better understanding of the role of micronutrients in dietary management, and growing evidence that physical and psychological stimulation can help prevent long-term consequences of impaired growth and psychological development. Noting that the physiology of malnourished children is seriously abnormal, the manual gives particular attention to aspects of management - whether involving the interpretation of symptoms or the use of specific interventions - that differ considerably from standard procedures for well-nourished children. Details range from the reasons why IV infusion easily causes overhydration and heart failure, through a list of treatments that have no value and should never be used, to the simple reminder that underarm temperature is not a reliable guide to body temperature in a malnourished child during rewarming. Further practical guidance is provided in eight appendices, which use numerous tables, charts, sample recording forms, instructions for preparing feeds, and examples of easily constructed toys to help ensure that management is thorough, safe, and in line with the latest knowledge.


The other Asian enigma

The other Asian enigma
Author: Headey, Derek D.
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Total Pages: 48
Release: 2014-07-25
Genre: Social Science
ISBN:

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South Asia has long been synonymous with persistent and unusually high rates of child undernutrition—the so-called Asian enigma. Yet contrary to this stereotype, Bangladesh has managed to sustain a rapid reduction in the rate of child undernutrition for at least two decades. In this paper we aim to understand the sources of this unheralded success with the aspiration of deriving policy-relevant lessons from Bangladesh’s experience. To do so we employ a regression analysis of five rounds of Demographic and Health Surveys covering the period from 1997 to 2011.


Health & Nutritional Surveillance for Development

Health & Nutritional Surveillance for Development
Author: Martin W. Bloem
Publisher:
Total Pages: 284
Release: 2003
Genre: Disasters
ISBN:

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On Nutritional Surveillance Project (Bangladesh) with reference to rural Bangladesh and urban areas of Dhaka, Chittagong and Khulna of Bangladesh.


Food systems for healthier diets in Bangladesh: Towards a research agenda

Food systems for healthier diets in Bangladesh: Towards a research agenda
Author: de Brauw, Alan
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Total Pages: 62
Release: 2020-01-03
Genre: Political Science
ISBN:

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The national food system of Bangladesh has made substantial progress since experiencing famine in 1974, soon after independence. After the famine, the government placed a strong emphasis on policies required to attain grain self-sufficiency; since attaining self-sufficiency, the production system, policies related to it, and resulting diets have begun to diversify. Nonetheless, undernutrition remains a problem, and fruit and vegetable consumption are inadequate for most people relative to international recommendations. Moreover, as the food system has begun to transition towards a modern one, challenges related to food safety and perceived food adulteration have begun to rise. Further, increased processed food intakes are potentially associated with existing rising overweight and obesity status. Both government interventions and innovations are needed to help shift the national food system to improve nutrient-dense food availability, particularly among the poor, and to limit the increase in processed food consumption.


Improving Nutritional Status of Women from Low Income Households' in Bangladesh

Improving Nutritional Status of Women from Low Income Households' in Bangladesh
Author: Afifa Shahrin
Publisher:
Total Pages: 242
Release: 2012
Genre: Malnutrition
ISBN:

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This study analyzes the nutritional status of women from low income households in Bangladesh. The key policy issue is inadequacy of protein and micronutrients in the regular diet of low income women. Women's poor nutritional condition results in long-term health problems and pregnancy-related disorders that pass from one generation to the next. On the basis of a primary survey on about 800 married women in rural, urban and suburban areas in Bangladesh, this study identified a number of underlying factors related to women's poor nutritional status. These include illiteracy and low education, poor economic conditions, addiction to tobacco, drinking unclean water, not having nutritional supplements, ineffective services by community health workers, and ongoing food price hikes. This study proposes several short-term, low-cost policy alternatives to address the cited dietary deficiencies of Bangladeshi low income women.