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The Growth of the Public Sector

The Growth of the Public Sector
Author: Norman Gemmell
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 296
Release: 1993
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

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This important new book offers fresh insights into the growth of the public sector in advanced and developing economies. The economic causes and consequences of changes in the size of the public sector (especially changes in public expenditure) have fascinated economists from the time of Adam Smith. From the early 1960s, interest has focused particularly on changes in the share of national income devoted to public expenditure. This has exhibited a long-run upward trend since 1945 in almost all OECD countries. Substantial fluctuations over shorter periods have also been observed. Understanding the processes underlying these phenomena is of clear importance for public policy makers, and economists have developed numerous theories attempting to explain them. The major questions of interest are: what 'forces' have been causing the share of public expenditure in GDP to rise over the longer term? Are these forces susceptible to policy? Is the public sector taking an increasing share of 'real' resources? Can government attempts in major OECD countries to control or reduce the size of the public sector in the 1980s and 1990s be sustained? What consequences follow from their success or failure? The Growth of the Public Sector focuses on this important issue and assesses the contribution to current knowledge of different theories including public choice, bureaucracy models, relative price effects and Wagner's Law. It also contains a number of new case studies focusing on specific government activities such as education, health and social security.


Lewis Through a Looking Glass

Lewis Through a Looking Glass
Author: Alan H. Gelb
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 39
Release: 1988
Genre: Crecimiento economico
ISBN:

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Government Versus the Market

Government Versus the Market
Author: Roger Middleton
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 792
Release: 1996
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

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In Government Versus the Market, Roger Middleton provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary and controversial analysis of how Britain's relative economic decline from the late nineteenth century onwards generated an intense debate about the legitimate roles of government and the market. After a thorough analysis of Britain's long-run economic performance in a comparative context, which emphasizes how the problem of decline is frequently misunderstood, and an account of the long-run forces promoting and constraining government growth, he then charts how the economic role of government evolved in response to decline but produced a mix of macroeconomic and microeconomic policies which proved inadequate for the task. This major study emphasizes the institutional and political constraints to economic modernization and uses the specific characteristics of Britain's predicament, a combination of market failure and impotent state, to explain why by 1979 the burgeoning New Right were able to launch an attack upon big government. Dr Middleton then demonstrates how Britain's subsequent economic performance, while brilliantly propagandized as an economic renaissance, has in fact been lacklustre and why the Conservatives' economic strategy failed to address the underlying problems of decline and to reduce the size of the public sector. Government versus the Market brings an unrivalled historical, empirical and theoretical breadth to our understanding of the last century of British economic history as well as a wealth of material on economic performance and public sector growth, and the fullest bibliography yet published on Britain's economic decline. Comprehensive, authoritative and wide-ranging, this extensive study uses a long-term and comparative framework which draws upon the latest research of economists, historians and political scientists to show why successive governments have been unable to halt Britain's relative economic decline.


Kenya--re-investing in Stabilization and Growth Through Public Sector Adjustment

Kenya--re-investing in Stabilization and Growth Through Public Sector Adjustment
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 207
Release: 1992
Genre: Economic stabilization
ISBN:

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This report discusses Kenya's recent growth and stabilization performance, how it was affected by the Central Government and the parastatal sector, and why comprehensive civil service and parastatal reforms are urgently needed. Although economic growth has been close to five percent per year since 1985, it has been insufficient to significantly raise per capita incomes and create enough jobs for Kenya's young and rapidly growing population. In the past, the public sector has absorbed these workers more quickly than the private sector. However, this is unsustainable, partly because it has created destabilizing fiscal imbalances and stifled the private sector's supply response to on-going sectoral reforms. Furthermore, growth has been relatively inefficient depending more on additional resources than increases in productivity. This has been especially true in the parastatal sector where resources are used so inefficiently that if they were transferred to the private sector, the economy could grow faster by about two percentage points a year. To prevent growth from slowing further, the Government needs to stabilize the economy by dealing with the underlying forces which drive Government expenditure. To do so, as well as tackle the slower onset problem of deteriorating public sector efficiency, the Government should streamline its functions and organizational structure to eliminate duplication and redundancies, downsize staff, and reform pay and personnel procedures.


Parliamentary Debates

Parliamentary Debates
Author: New Zealand. Parliament
Publisher:
Total Pages: 1096
Release: 1967
Genre: New Zealand
ISBN:

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The Fourth Industrial Revolution

The Fourth Industrial Revolution
Author: Klaus Schwab
Publisher: Currency
Total Pages: 192
Release: 2017-01-03
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1524758876

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World-renowned economist Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum, explains that we have an opportunity to shape the fourth industrial revolu­tion, which will fundamentally alter how we live and work. Schwab argues that this revolution is different in scale, scope and complexity from any that have come before. Characterized by a range of new technologies that are fusing the physical, digital and biological worlds, the developments are affecting all disciplines, economies, industries and governments, and even challenging ideas about what it means to be human. Artificial intelligence is already all around us, from supercomputers, drones and virtual assistants to 3D printing, DNA sequencing, smart thermostats, wear­able sensors and microchips smaller than a grain of sand. But this is just the beginning: nanomaterials 200 times stronger than steel and a million times thinner than a strand of hair and the first transplant of a 3D printed liver are already in development. Imagine “smart factories” in which global systems of manu­facturing are coordinated virtually, or implantable mobile phones made of biosynthetic materials. The fourth industrial revolution, says Schwab, is more significant, and its ramifications more profound, than in any prior period of human history. He outlines the key technologies driving this revolution and discusses the major impacts expected on government, business, civil society and individu­als. Schwab also offers bold ideas on how to harness these changes and shape a better future—one in which technology empowers people rather than replaces them; progress serves society rather than disrupts it; and in which innovators respect moral and ethical boundaries rather than cross them. We all have the opportunity to contribute to developing new frame­works that advance progress.


A Government that Worked Better and Cost Less?

A Government that Worked Better and Cost Less?
Author: Christopher Hood
Publisher:
Total Pages: 257
Release: 2015
Genre: History
ISBN: 0199687021

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The UK is said to have been one of the most prolific reformers of its public administration. Successive reforms have been accompanied by claims that the changes would make the world a better place by transforming the way government worked. Despite much discussion and debate over government makeovers and reforms, however, there has been remarkably little systematic evaluation of what happened to cost and performance in UK government during the last thirty years. A Government that Worked Better and Cost Less? aims to address that gap, offering a unique evaluation of UK government modernization programmes from 1980 to the present day. The book provides a distinctive framework for evaluating long-term performance in government, bringing together the 'working better' and 'costing less' dimensions, and presents detailed primary evidence within that framework. This book explores the implications of their findings for widely held ideas about public management, the questions they present, and their policy implications for a period in which pressures to make government 'work better and cost less' are unlikely to go away.


The Effects of Corruptionon Growth, Investment, and Government Expenditure

The Effects of Corruptionon Growth, Investment, and Government Expenditure
Author: Mr.Paolo Mauro
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 28
Release: 1996-09-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1451852096

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This paper discusses the possible causes and consequences of corruption. It provides a synthetic review of recent studies that analyze this phenomenon empirically. In addition, it presents further results on the effects of corruption on growth and investment, and new cross-country evidence on the link between corruption and the composition of government expenditure.


Public Output and Private Decisions

Public Output and Private Decisions
Author: Thanos Catsambas
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 13
Release: 1993
Genre: Finance, Public
ISBN:

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We need to know more about individual citizens' responses to macroeconomic choices - about the political economy of public economics.