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Growth and Poverty in Rural India

Growth and Poverty in Rural India
Author: Martin Ravallion
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 50
Release: 1995
Genre: Crecimiento economico - India
ISBN:

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Growth and Poverty in Rural India

Growth and Poverty in Rural India
Author: Martin Ravallion
Publisher:
Total Pages: 50
Release: 2016
Genre:
ISBN:

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Higher agricultural yields reduced absolute poverty in rural India, both by raising smallholder productivity and by increasing real agricultural wages. But gains to the poor were far smaller in the short run than in the long run.Unlike most developing countries, consistent poverty measures for India can be tracked over a long time. Ravallion and Datt used 20 household surveys for rural India for the years 1958-90 to measure the effects of agricultural growth on rural poverty and on the rural labor market and to find out how long it takes for the effects to be felt.They found that measures of absolute rural poverty responded elastically to changes in mean consumption. But agricultural growth had no discernible impact - either positive or negative - on the share of total consumption going to the poor.For the rural poor, Ravallion and Datt attribute the long-run gains from growth to higher average farm yields, which benefited poor people both directly and through higher real agricultural wages. And the benefits from higher yields were not confined to those near the poverty line - the poorest also benefited.The process through which India's rural poor participate in the gains from agricultural growth takes time, although about half of the long-run impact comes within three years.The long-run elasticity of the head-count index to farm yield was over 2 - of which 40 percent came through wages. Short-run elasticities were far smaller.Inflation adversely affected the rural poor by eroding their real wages in the short run.This paper - a product of the Office of the Vice President, Development Economics - is one in a series of background papers prepared for World Development Report 1995 on labor. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project Poverty in India, 1950shy;90 (RPO 677-82). The authors may be contacted at [email protected] or [email protected].


Growth, Employment and Poverty

Growth, Employment and Poverty
Author: G. K. Chadha
Publisher:
Total Pages: 490
Release: 1997
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

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Contributed articles.


Growth and Poverty in Rural India

Growth and Poverty in Rural India
Author: Martin Ravallion
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 1999
Genre:
ISBN:

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January 1995 Higher agricultural yields reduced absolute poverty in rural India, both by raising smallholder productivity and by increasing real agricultural wages. But gains to the poor were far smaller in the short run than in the long run. Unlike most developing countries, consistent poverty measures for India can be tracked over a long time. Ravallion and Datt used 20 household surveys for rural India for the years 1958-90 to measure the effects of agricultural growth on rural poverty and on the rural labor market and to find out how long it takes for the effects to be felt. They found that measures of absolute rural poverty responded elastically to changes in mean consumption. But agricultural growth had no discernible impact -- either positive or negative -- on the share of total consumption going to the poor. For the rural poor, Ravallion and Datt attribute the long-run gains from growth to higher average farm yields, which benefited poor people both directly and through higher real agricultural wages. And the benefits from higher yields were not confined to those near the poverty line -- the poorest also benefited. The process through which India's rural poor participate in the gains from agricultural growth takes time, although about half of the long-run impact comes within three years. The long-run elasticity of the head-count index to farm yield was over 2 -- of which 40 percent came through wages. Short-run elasticities were far smaller. Inflation adversely affected the rural poor by eroding their real wages in the short run. This paper -- a product of the Office of the Vice President, Development Economics -- is one in a series of background papers prepared for World Development Report 1995 on labor. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project Poverty in India, 1950-90 (RPO 677-82). The authors may be contacted at [email protected] or [email protected].


Linkages Between Government Spending, Growth, and Poverty in Rural India

Linkages Between Government Spending, Growth, and Poverty in Rural India
Author: Shenggen Fan
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Total Pages: 99
Release: 1999-01-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0896291138

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Government expenditure, agricultural growth, and rural poverty; conceptual framework; Data model, estimation, and results.


Poverty in India

Poverty in India
Author: Kulwant Rai Gupta
Publisher: Atlantic Publishers & Dist
Total Pages: 228
Release: 2008
Genre: India
ISBN: 9788126909001

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The Previous Century Was Marked By India S Great Transformation From A Colonial Agrarian Economy To A Modern, Vibrating, Knowledge-Based Economy Within The Framework Of A Liberal And Secular Democracy. A High Annual Gdp Growth Rate Of Over 8 Per Cent Is Now Being Achieved On A Consistent Basis. The Rapid Economic Growth Has, However, Brought Only A Marginal Decline In Rural And Urban Poverty As Nearly 250 Million People, Constituting About 25 Per Cent Of The Country S Total Population, Still Remain Below The Poverty Line.The Data Relating To The Dimensions Of Poverty Is Startling A Whopping 350 Million People Are Illiterate, 150 Million Have No Access To Safe Drinking Water, 750 Million Lack Clean Sanitation Facilities And Are Prone To Diseases Resulting Therefrom, And 50 Per Cent Of The Children Eat Below Acceptable Nutritional Levels. Average Life Expectancy At Birth Has No Doubt Risen To 63 Years, But Infant Mortality Rate (Imr) And Maternal Mortality Rate (Mmr) Are Still At Unacceptably High Levels 57 Per 1000, And 3 Per 1000 Live Births Respectively. In Terms Of Human Development Index (Hdi), India Is Ranked 126Th Among The 177 Listed Countries. Even The Mentioned Statistics Do Not Fully Capture The Sheer Destitution And Misery Our Marginalized Sections Of Population Are Subjected To. The Poverty That They Endure Robs Them Of Their Human Dignity And Makes A Mockery Of Our Claims To Social Justice And Equity.Growth, When Unevenly Spread, Dwarfs Overall Prosperity. Hence, Bridging The Income Divide Is The Biggest Challenge For India. The Government On Its Part Has Launched Several Poverty Alleviation Programmes But They Have Not Brought The Desired Result. The Approach Paper To The Eleventh Five-Year Plan Has Laid Emphasis On Strategies That Accelerate Growth And Make It Broadbased.The Present Anthology Is Comprised Of Well-Researched Articles By Erudite Scholars Who Have Deeply Analysed The Problem Of Persisting Poverty In India. Various Factors Responsible For Such A Situation Have Been Studied And Ways And Means Suggested To Considerably Reduce If Not Eradicate Poverty.The Book Will Serve As A Valuable Reference Source For Students And Teachers Of Economics And Researchers On This Subject. It Will Also Be Useful For The Policymakers, Planners, Parliamentarians, Government Agencies And Ngos. Common Readers Concerned With The Overall Development Of The Nation Will Find It Highly Informative.


Economic Growth and Rural Poverty

Economic Growth and Rural Poverty
Author: Vinita Kumar
Publisher: Concept Publishing Company
Total Pages: 290
Release: 1997
Genre: India
ISBN: 9788170226628

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Agricultural Growth and Rural Poverty Reduction in India

Agricultural Growth and Rural Poverty Reduction in India
Author: Seema Bathla
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 132
Release: 2020-03-19
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9811535841

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This book provides a blueprint for the allocation of public expenditures “in” and “for” agriculture at the dis-aggregated state level and suggests a reorientation in favour of disadvantaged regions where the marginal returns on additional investments would be higher. It provides insights into the inter-linkages between public expenditures, private investment, rural poverty, and agriculture productivity from a regional perspective to reflect upon spatial differences in the welfare effects of various investments, subsidies, and policies. The book focuses on agricultural growth and rural poverty reduction through public and private investments, non-farm employment, and other pathways to the formulation of appropriate policies at the dis-aggregated state level. It presents new evidence based on advanced econometric tools for analysing and understanding the relationship between public and private investments in agriculture and input subsidies (fertilizer, power, irrigation, and credit) together with their impacts at the dis-aggregated state level. The book also deliberates on an income based direct support system for farmers as an alternative to the existing input price subsidy regime. Accordingly, the book offers valuable insights not only for researchers working on poverty alleviation, rural economy, and agricultural growth, but also for policymakers.


The State of World Rural Poverty

The State of World Rural Poverty
Author: Idriss Jazairy
Publisher: NYU Press
Total Pages: 539
Release: 1992
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0814737544

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Despite almost four decades and billions of dollars in development activities, we are barely in a position to track the changing dynamics of poverty or to define with conviction the processes that entrap the poor in their misery. Accounting for about 90% of global poverty, rural poverty, through transmigration, is also a main contributor to urban poverty. It is in the rural areas of the world where poverty is most severe in human terms, where the hunger, hopelessness, hardship, and despair commonly associated with entrenched poverty are most pronounced, where basic health services, sanitation, educational opportunities, and other common amenities are most lacking. The alleviation of rural poverty is therefore tantamount to the alleviation of global poverty in its entirety. The State of World Rural Poverty offers the first comprehensive look at the economic conditions and prospects of the world's rural poor.


Perspectives on Poverty in India

Perspectives on Poverty in India
Author: The World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 297
Release: 2011-04-13
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0821387286

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The book examines India s experience with poverty reduction in a period of rapid economic growth. Marshalling evidence from multiple sources of survey data and drawing on new methods, the book asks how India s structural transformation - from rural to urban, and from agriculture to nonfarm sectors - is impacting poverty. Our analysis suggests that since the early 1990s, urban growth has emerged as a much more important driver of poverty reduction than in the past. We focus in particular on the role of small and medium size conurbations in India, both as the urban sub-sector in which urban poverty is overwhelmingly concentrated, and as a sub-sector that could potentially stimulate rural-based poverty reduction. Second, in rural areas, we focus on the nature of intersectoral transformation out of agriculture into the nonfarm economy. Stagnation in agriculture has been accompanied by dynamism in the nonfarm sector, but there is much debate about whether the growth seen has been a symptom of agrarian distress or a source of poverty reduction. Finally, alongside the accelerating economic growth and the highly visible transformation that is occurring in India s major cities, inequality is on the rise. This is raising concern that economic growth in India has by-passed significant segments of the population. The third theme on social exclusion asks if, despite the dramatic growth, historically grounded inequalities along lines of caste, tribe and gender have persisted. This book would be of interest for policymakers, researchers, non-governmental organizations, and international agencies from India and abroad--who wish to know more about India s experience of the last two decades in reducing poverty.