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Author | : Michael C. Ewing |
Publisher | : John Benjamins Publishing |
Total Pages | : 296 |
Release | : 2005-01-01 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 9789027226280 |
Download Grammar and Inference in Conversation Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This study analyzes how morphosyntactic structures and information flow characteristics are used by interlocutors in producing and understanding clauses in conversational Javanese, focusing on the Cirebon variety of the language. While some clauses display grammatical mechanisms used to code their structure explicitly and redundantly, many other clauses include few if any of these grammatical resources. These extremes mark a cline between the morphosyntactic and paratactic expression of clauses. The situation is thrown into relief by the frequency of unexpressed referents and conversationalists' heavy reliance on shared experience and cultural knowledge. In all cases, pragmatic inference grounded in the interactional context is essential for establishing not only the discourse functions, but indeed also the very structure of clauses in conversational Javanese. This study contributes to our understanding of transitivity, emergent constituency, prosodic organization and the co-construction of meaning and structure by conversational interlocutors.
Author | : Michael C. Ewing |
Publisher | : John Benjamins Publishing |
Total Pages | : 289 |
Release | : 2005-12-21 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 9027293902 |
Download Grammar and Inference in Conversation Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This study analyzes how morphosyntactic structures and information flow characteristics are used by interlocutors in producing and understanding clauses in conversational Javanese, focusing on the Cirebon variety of the language. While some clauses display grammatical mechanisms used to code their structure explicitly and redundantly, many other clauses include few if any of these grammatical resources. These extremes mark a cline between the morphosyntactic and paratactic expression of clauses. The situation is thrown into relief by the frequency of unexpressed referents and conversationalists’ heavy reliance on shared experience and cultural knowledge. In all cases, pragmatic inference grounded in the interactional context is essential for establishing not only the discourse functions, but indeed also the very structure of clauses in conversational Javanese. This study contributes to our understanding of transitivity, emergent constituency, prosodic organization and the co-construction of meaning and structure by conversational interlocutors.
Author | : Ernest LePore |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 305 |
Release | : 2015 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 0198717180 |
Download Imagination and Convention Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
How do hearers manage to understand speakers? And how do speakers manage to shape hearers' understanding? Lepore and Stone show that standard views about the workings of semantics and pragmatics are unsatisfactory. They advance an alternative view which better captures what is going on in linguistic communication.
Author | : Micheline Chalhoub-Deville |
Publisher | : John Benjamins Publishing |
Total Pages | : 256 |
Release | : 2006-01-01 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 902721963X |
Download Inference and Generalizability in Applied Linguistics Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Concepts such as dependability/generalization and inferences are dealt with implicitly or explicitly in any research undertaken in applied linguistics. This volume provides a well-balanced and cross-disciplinary perspective on how researchers conceptualize inferences about learner acquisition and performances as well as dependability and generalizability of findings. The book is a collection of chapters by prominent researchers in applied linguistics, working in diverse domains such as vocabulary, syntax, discourse analysis, SLA, and language testing. The goal of the book is to bring attention to these issues, which underpin much of applied linguistics research and to highlight what is considered good practice so as to buttress confidence in the research claims made. The book represents current thinking on fundamental research concepts in applied linguistics and can be used as a textbook in courses on research methodology in applied linguistics. The book is also an excellent source of in-depth analysis of research conceptualization for applied linguistics researchers and graduate students.
Author | : Esther Pascual |
Publisher | : John Benjamins Publishing Company |
Total Pages | : 259 |
Release | : 2014-09-15 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 9027269793 |
Download Fictive Interaction Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Language is intimately related to interaction. The question arises: Is the structure of interaction somehow mirrored in language structure and use? This book suggests a positive answer to this question by examining the ubiquitous phenomenon of fictive interaction, in which non-genuine conversational turns appear in discourse, even within clauses, phrases, and lexical items (e.g. “Not happy? Money back! guarantee”). The book is based on a collection of hundreds of examples of fictive interaction at all grammatical levels from a wide variety of spoken, written, and signed languages, and from many different discourse genres. Special attention is devoted to the strategic use of fictive interaction in legal argumentation, with a focus on high-profile criminal trials. Both trial lawyers and lay jurors often present material evidence or murder victims as speaking, and express emotions and intentions in conversational terms. The book thus establishes the role of the conversational turn—rather than the sentence—as the basic unit of language, and the role of conversation as a frame that structures cognition, discourse, and grammar.
Author | : Colin de la Higuera |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 432 |
Release | : 2010-04-01 |
Genre | : Computers |
ISBN | : 1139486683 |
Download Grammatical Inference Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The problem of inducing, learning or inferring grammars has been studied for decades, but only in recent years has grammatical inference emerged as an independent field with connections to many scientific disciplines, including bio-informatics, computational linguistics and pattern recognition. This book meets the need for a comprehensive and unified summary of the basic techniques and results, suitable for researchers working in these various areas. In Part I, the objects of use for grammatical inference are studied in detail: strings and their topology, automata and grammars, whether probabilistic or not. Part II carefully explores the main questions in the field: What does learning mean? How can we associate complexity theory with learning? In Part III the author describes a number of techniques and algorithms that allow us to learn from text, from an informant, or through interaction with the environment. These concern automata, grammars, rewriting systems, pattern languages or transducers.
Author | : Misumi Sadler |
Publisher | : John Benjamins Publishing |
Total Pages | : 230 |
Release | : 2007-11-06 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 9027291748 |
Download Grammar in Use across Time and Space Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This monograph contains the first systematic investigation of the Japanese ‘dative subject’ construction across time and space. It demonstrates that, in order to capture what speakers/writers know about how to put an utterance or a clause together, it is necessary to pay attention to what they do in actual language use and in different discourse types. The work also shows the importance of diachronic perspectives to help us better understand the ways in which a particular grammatical structure is represented synchronically. By utilizing modern Japanese conversation, contemporary Japanese novels, and a pre-modern and modern Japanese literature corpus, the study highlights the role of ‘dative subjects’ at the semantic and discourse-pragmatic levels. Specifically, it demonstrates that what has been considered to be a most ‘grammatical’ aspect of Japanese actually turns out to be rather pragmatically oriented.
Author | : Joanne Scheibman |
Publisher | : John Benjamins Publishing |
Total Pages | : 202 |
Release | : 2002-10-31 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 9027296154 |
Download Point of View and Grammar Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book proposes that subjective expression shapes grammatical and lexical patterning in American English conversation. Analyses of structural and functional properties of English conversational utterances indicate that the most frequent combinations of subject, tense, and verb type are those that are used by speakers to personalize their contributions, not to present unmediated descriptions of the world. These findings are informed by current research and practices in linguistics which argue that the emergence, or conventionalization, of linguistic structure is related to the frequency with which speakers use expressions in discourse. The use of conversational data in grammatical analysis illustrates the local and contingent nature of grammar in use and also raises theoretical questions concerning the coherence of linguistic categories, the viability of maintaining a distinction between semantic and pragmatic meaning in analytical practice, and the structural and social interplay of speaker point of view and participant interaction in discourse.
Author | : Jeffrey Heinz |
Publisher | : Springer Nature |
Total Pages | : 139 |
Release | : 2022-06-01 |
Genre | : Computers |
ISBN | : 3031021592 |
Download Grammatical Inference for Computational Linguistics Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book provides a thorough introduction to the subfield of theoretical computer science known as grammatical inference from a computational linguistic perspective. Grammatical inference provides principled methods for developing computationally sound algorithms that learn structure from strings of symbols. The relationship to computational linguistics is natural because many research problems in computational linguistics are learning problems on words, phrases, and sentences: What algorithm can take as input some finite amount of data (for instance a corpus, annotated or otherwise) and output a system that behaves "correctly" on specific tasks? Throughout the text, the key concepts of grammatical inference are interleaved with illustrative examples drawn from problems in computational linguistics. Special attention is paid to the notion of "learning bias." In the context of computational linguistics, such bias can be thought to reflect common (ideally universal) properties of natural languages. This bias can be incorporated either by identifying a learnable class of languages which contains the language to be learned or by using particular strategies for optimizing parameter values. Examples are drawn largely from two linguistic domains (phonology and syntax) which span major regions of the Chomsky Hierarchy (from regular to context-sensitive classes). The conclusion summarizes the major lessons and open questions that grammatical inference brings to computational linguistics. Table of Contents: List of Figures / List of Tables / Preface / Studying Learning / Formal Learning / Learning Regular Languages / Learning Non-Regular Languages / Lessons Learned and Open Problems / Bibliography / Author Biographies
Author | : Elinor Ochs |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 494 |
Release | : 1996-12-12 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 9780521558280 |
Download Interaction and Grammar Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This volume explores a rich variety of linkages between grammar and social interaction.