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Global Surface Temperature Changes Datasets Converted to 1850-1900 Baseline

Global Surface Temperature Changes Datasets Converted to 1850-1900 Baseline
Author: Joseph Nowarski
Publisher: Joseph Nowarski
Total Pages: 5
Release: 2022-03-25
Genre: Science
ISBN:

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Global warming datasets converted to the uniform baseline. NASA, NOAA and Berkeley Earth datasets of global surface temperature changes in the period 1850-2021 for land+ocean, 1750-2021 for land only and 1880-2021 for ocean only, converted to the 1850-1900 baseline.


Global Warming Datasets Converted to 1850-1900 Baseline

Global Warming Datasets Converted to 1850-1900 Baseline
Author: Joseph Nowarski
Publisher: Joseph Nowarski
Total Pages: 14
Release: 2022-03-25
Genre: Science
ISBN:

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This publication includes global warming databases converted to the uniform baseline. The publication includes NASA, NOAA and Berkeley Earth databases of global surface temperature changes in the period 1850-2021 for land+ocean, 1750-2021 for land only and 1880-2021 for ocean only. The databases are converted to the 1850-1900 baseline showing minor differences between them. 61 years linear trendlines indicate constant increase of global warming reaching in 2021 0.017 °C/y for land+ocean, 0.026 °C/y for land only, and 0.012 °C/y for ocean only.


Global Warming Baselines Conversion Factors

Global Warming Baselines Conversion Factors
Author: Joseph Nowarski
Publisher: Joseph Nowarski
Total Pages: 15
Release: 2022-03-21
Genre: Science
ISBN:

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This publication includes a conversion table between various baselines of global surface temperature changes. The conversion factor from 1951-1980 to 1850-1900 baseline is +0.31°C for land+ocean, +0.49°C for land only, and +0.29°C for ocean only.


Global Surface Temperature Changes over Land Dataset

Global Surface Temperature Changes over Land Dataset
Author: Joseph Nowarski
Publisher: Joseph Nowarski
Total Pages: 4
Release: 2022-03-21
Genre: Science
ISBN:

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Annual averages of global surface temperature changes for land only based on Berkeley Earth monthly dataset above the 1951-1980 baseline. The dataset is from 1750 in °C, 3 decimal places.


Global Warming Forecast using Acceleration Factors

Global Warming Forecast using Acceleration Factors
Author: Joseph Nowarski
Publisher: Joseph Nowarski
Total Pages: 17
Release: 2022-06-06
Genre: Science
ISBN:

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This publication introduces four methods to forecast the global surface temperature over land and ocean (global warming). The methods include a parabolic trendline of the last 61 years of global warming and cumulated CO2 emissions. Two other methods apply the velocity and the acceleration of global warming and cumulative CO2 emissions. The relation between the global surface temperature change and the change in the cumulative CO2 emissions was determined in previous publications as 0.000745°C/GtCO2. The average result from all four methods for the business as usual CO2 mitigation scenario is 4.4°C (4.1°C -5.0°C). According to this forecast, the global temperature change will reach 1.5°C in 2031 (9 years from now) and 2.0°C in 2047 (25 years from now).


Global Warming Acceleration

Global Warming Acceleration
Author: Joseph Nowarski
Publisher: Joseph Nowarski
Total Pages: 17
Release: 2022-06-22
Genre: Science
ISBN:

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This publication analyzes changes of global warming rates (GWR) expressed in Centigrade per year (°C/y) and introduces a parameter “global warming acceleration” (GWA) expressed in Centigrade per year per year (°C/y2). GWA may be applied for prediction of the GWR for the next decade. If the current decrease of GWA will continue for the next 11 years, Global Warming Rate will increase from the current +0.017 °C/y to +0.019 °C/y, for land+ocean.


Ecology

Ecology
Author: Michael Begon
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 864
Release: 2020-11-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1119279372

Download Ecology Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle

A definitive guide to the depth and breadth of the ecological sciences, revised and updated The revised and updated fifth edition of Ecology: From Individuals to Ecosystems – now in full colour – offers students and practitioners a review of the ecological sciences. The previous editions of this book earned the authors the prestigious ‘Exceptional Life-time Achievement Award’ of the British Ecological Society – the aim for the fifth edition is not only to maintain standards but indeed to enhance its coverage of Ecology. In the first edition, 34 years ago, it seemed acceptable for ecologists to hold a comfortable, objective, not to say aloof position, from which the ecological communities around us were simply material for which we sought a scientific understanding. Now, we must accept the immediacy of the many environmental problems that threaten us and the responsibility of ecologists to play their full part in addressing these problems. This fifth edition addresses this challenge, with several chapters devoted entirely to applied topics, and examples of how ecological principles have been applied to problems facing us highlighted throughout the remaining nineteen chapters. Nonetheless, the authors remain wedded to the belief that environmental action can only ever be as sound as the ecological principles on which it is based. Hence, while trying harder than ever to help improve preparedness for addressing the environmental problems of the years ahead, the book remains, in its essence, an exposition of the science of ecology. This new edition incorporates the results from more than a thousand recent studies into a fully up-to-date text. Written for students of ecology, researchers and practitioners, the fifth edition of Ecology: From Individuals to Ecosystems is anessential reference to all aspects of ecology and addresses environmental problems of the future.


Climate Change 2014

Climate Change 2014
Author: Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat
Publisher:
Total Pages: 151
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN: 9789291691432

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Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years

Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 160
Release: 2007-01-05
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309102251

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In response to a request from Congress, Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years assesses the state of scientific efforts to reconstruct surface temperature records for Earth during approximately the last 2,000 years and the implications of these efforts for our understanding of global climate change. Because widespread, reliable temperature records are available only for the last 150 years, scientists estimate temperatures in the more distant past by analyzing "proxy evidence," which includes tree rings, corals, ocean and lake sediments, cave deposits, ice cores, boreholes, and glaciers. Starting in the late 1990s, scientists began using sophisticated methods to combine proxy evidence from many different locations in an effort to estimate surface temperature changes during the last few hundred to few thousand years. This book is an important resource in helping to understand the intricacies of global climate change.


The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate

The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate
Author: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 755
Release: 2022-04-30
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781009157971

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The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.