Genetics Of Adaptation PDF Download
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Author | : Rodney Mauricio |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 207 |
Release | : 2005-07-20 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1402038364 |
Download Genetics of Adaptation Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
An enduring controversy in evolutionary biology is the genetic basis of adaptation. Darwin emphasized "many slight differences" as the ultimate source of variation to be acted upon by natural selection. In the early 1900’s, this view was opposed by "Mendelian geneticists", who emphasized the importance of "macromutations" in evolution. The Modern Synthesis resolved this controversy, concluding that mutations in genes of very small effect were responsible for adaptive evolution. A decade ago, Allen Orr and Jerry Coyne reexamined the evidence for this neo-Darwinian view and found that both the theoretical and empirical basis for it were weak. Orr and Coyne encouraged evolutionary biologists to reexamine this neglected question: what is the genetic basis of adaptive evolution? In this volume, a new generation of biologists have taken up this challenge. Using advances in both molecular genetic and statistical techniques, evolutionary geneticists have made considerable progress in this emerging field. In this volume, a diversity of examples from plant and animal studies provides valuable information for those interested in the genetics and evolution of complex traits.
Author | : Rodney Mauricio |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 210 |
Release | : 2005-04-18 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1402034768 |
Download Genetics of Adaptation Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
An enduring controversy in evolutionary biology is the genetic basis of adaptation. Darwin emphasized "many slight differences" as the ultimate source of variation to be acted upon by natural selection. In the early 1900’s, this view was opposed by "Mendelian geneticists", who emphasized the importance of "macromutations" in evolution. The Modern Synthesis resolved this controversy, concluding that mutations in genes of very small effect were responsible for adaptive evolution. A decade ago, Allen Orr and Jerry Coyne reexamined the evidence for this neo-Darwinian view and found that both the theoretical and empirical basis for it were weak. Orr and Coyne encouraged evolutionary biologists to reexamine this neglected question: what is the genetic basis of adaptive evolution? In this volume, a new generation of biologists have taken up this challenge. Using advances in both molecular genetic and statistical techniques, evolutionary geneticists have made considerable progress in this emerging field. In this volume, a diversity of examples from plant and animal studies provides valuable information for those interested in the genetics and evolution of complex traits.
Author | : John H. Holland |
Publisher | : MIT Press |
Total Pages | : 236 |
Release | : 1992-04-29 |
Genre | : Psychology |
ISBN | : 9780262581110 |
Download Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Genetic algorithms are playing an increasingly important role in studies of complex adaptive systems, ranging from adaptive agents in economic theory to the use of machine learning techniques in the design of complex devices such as aircraft turbines and integrated circuits. Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems is the book that initiated this field of study, presenting the theoretical foundations and exploring applications. In its most familiar form, adaptation is a biological process, whereby organisms evolve by rearranging genetic material to survive in environments confronting them. In this now classic work, Holland presents a mathematical model that allows for the nonlinearity of such complex interactions. He demonstrates the model's universality by applying it to economics, physiological psychology, game theory, and artificial intelligence and then outlines the way in which this approach modifies the traditional views of mathematical genetics. Initially applying his concepts to simply defined artificial systems with limited numbers of parameters, Holland goes on to explore their use in the study of a wide range of complex, naturally occuring processes, concentrating on systems having multiple factors that interact in nonlinear ways. Along the way he accounts for major effects of coadaptation and coevolution: the emergence of building blocks, or schemata, that are recombined and passed on to succeeding generations to provide, innovations and improvements.
Author | : Julius van der Werf |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 256 |
Release | : 2008-10-17 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1402090056 |
Download Adaptation and Fitness in Animal Populations Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Fitness and adaptation are fundamental characteristics of plant and animal species, enabling them to survive in their environment and to adapt to the inevitable changes in this environment. This is true for both the genetic resources of natural ecosystems as well as those used in agricultural production. Extensive genetic variation exists between varieties/breeds in a species and amongst individuals within breeds. This variation has developed over very long periods of time. A major ongoing challenge is how to best utilize this variation to meet short-term demands whilst also conserving it for longer-term possible use. Many animal breeding programs have led to increased performance for production traits but this has often been accompanied by reduced fitness. In addition, the global use of genetic resources prompts the question whether introduced genotypes are adapted to local production systems. Understanding the genetic nature of fitness and adaptation will enable us to better manage genetic resources allowing us to make efficient and sustainable decisions for the improvement or breeding of these resources. This book had an ambitious goal in bringing together a sample of the world’s leading scientists in animal breeding and evolutionary genetics to exchange knowledge to advance our understanding of these vital issues.
Author | : Ekaterina Shelest |
Publisher | : Frontiers Media SA |
Total Pages | : 161 |
Release | : 2022-01-06 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 2889719812 |
Download Gene Regulation as a Driver of Adaptation and Speciation Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Neil Spurway |
Publisher | : Elsevier Health Sciences |
Total Pages | : 285 |
Release | : 2006-01-01 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0443100772 |
Download Genetics and Molecular Biology of Muscle Adaptation Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This title is directed primarily towards health care professionals outside of the United States. It starts with the origin of life and ends with the mechanisms that make muscles adapt to different forms of training. In between, it considers how evidence has been obtained about the extent of genetic influence on human capacities, how muscles and their fibres are studied for general properties and individual differences, and how molecular biological techniques have been combined with physiological ones to produce the new discipline of molecular exercise physiology. This is the first book on such topics written specifically for modules in exercise and sport science at final year Hons BSc and taught MSc levels.
Author | : National Academy of Sciences |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 388 |
Release | : 2007 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : |
Download In the Light of Evolution Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The Arthur M. Sackler Colloquia of the National Academy of Sciences address scientific topics of broad and current interest, cutting across the boundaries of traditional disciplines. Each year, four or five such colloquia are scheduled, typically two days in length and international in scope. Colloquia are organized by a member of the Academy, often with the assistance of an organizing committee, and feature presentations by leading scientists in the field and discussions with a hundred or more researchers with an interest in the topic. Colloquia presentations are recorded and posted on the National Academy of Sciences Sackler colloquia website and published on CD-ROM. These Colloquia are made possible by a generous gift from Mrs. Jill Sackler, in memory of her husband, Arthur M. Sackler.
Author | : Thomas Hunt Morgan |
Publisher | : Good Press |
Total Pages | : 277 |
Release | : 2021-11-05 |
Genre | : Fiction |
ISBN | : |
Download Evolution and Adaptation Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The chapters presented in this book were written by Thomas Hunt Morgan, an American evolutionary biologist, geneticist, embryologist, and science author who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1933 for discoveries elucidating the role that the chromosome plays in heredity. Here, he lays out his ideas on the relations between the organism and its environment and whether Darwinian ideas are enough to explain some of the phenomena he observed during his studies, especially those of regeneration.
Author | : George Christopher Williams |
Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
Total Pages | : 335 |
Release | : 2018-10-30 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0691185506 |
Download Adaptation and Natural Selection Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Biological evolution is a fact—but the many conflicting theories of evolution remain controversial even today. When Adaptation and Natural Selection was first published in 1966, it struck a powerful blow against those who argued for the concept of group selection—the idea that evolution acts to select entire species rather than individuals. Williams’s famous work in favor of simple Darwinism over group selection has become a classic of science literature, valued for its thorough and convincing argument and its relevance to many fields outside of biology. Now with a new foreword by Richard Dawkins, Adaptation and Natural Selection is an essential text for understanding the nature of scientific debate.
Author | : Volker Loeschcke |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 192 |
Release | : 2012-12-06 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3642727700 |
Download Genetic Constraints on Adaptive Evolution Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Genetic constraints on adaptive evolution can be understood as those genetic aspects that prevent or reduce the potential for natural selection to result in the most direct ascent of the mean phenotype to an optimum. The contributions to this volume emphasize how genetic aspects in the transmission of traits constrain adaptive evolution. Approaches span from quantitative, population, ecological to molecular genetics. Much attention is devoted to genetic correlations, to the maintenance of quantitative genetic variation, and to the intimate relation between genetics, ecology, and evolution. This volume addresses all evolutionary biologists and explains why they should be wary of evolutionary concepts that base arguments purely on phenotypic characteristics.