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| Author | : Pentti Hakkila |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 582 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3642740723 |
Download Utilization of Residual Forest Biomass Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
An increase in the demand for wood results in improved recovery and less residual biomass in the forests. Paradoxically, interest in forest residue as a renewable source of raw material seems to be in a reverse ratio to its availability in a certain area. Finland and Sweden are probably more dependent on forestry and forest in dustries than any other developed countries in the world. A sufficiency of raw ma terial for integrated forest industries is vital for the national economy of both countries, and a great deal of attention is being paid to the long-term potential of unutilized biomass left behind in logging operations. Furthermore, since these countries possess no reserves of fossil fuels, and since their per-capita consump tion of primary energy is exceptionally high, they also consider unmerchantable forest biomass a realistic source of indigenous energy. A joint Nordic research project on harvesting and utilization of logging residue was carried out in 1969-1976 under the auspices of the Nordic Research Council on Forest Operations. This fruitful cooperation soon gave rise to related national projects in Sweden, Finland, Norway, and Denmark, stimulating further research and producing practical applications. Concurrently, particularly after the worldwide energy crisis in 1973, research on all aspects of utilization of forest bio mass mushroomed in the United States, Canada, and the Soviet Union. An ex plosive increase occurred in both the number and diversity of biomass studies.
| Author | : T. Satoo |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 160 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9400976275 |
Download Forest Biomass Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Lord Rutherford has said that all science is either physics or stamp collecting. On that basis the study of forest biomass must be classified with stamp collecting and other such pleasurable pursuits. Japanese scientists have led the world, not only in collecting basic data, but in their attempts to systematise our knowledge of forest biomass. They have studied factors affecting dry matter production of forest trees in an attempt to approach underlying phYf'ical principles. This edition of Professor Satoo's book has been made possible the help of Dr John F. Hosner and the Virginia Poly technical Institute and State University who invited Dr Satoo to Blacksburg for three months in 1973 at about the time when he was in the final stages of preparing the Japanese version. Since then the explosion of world literature on forest biomass has continued to be fired by increasing shortages of timber supplies in many parts of the world as well as by a need to explore renewable sources of energy. In revising the original text I have attempted to maintain the input of Japanese work - much of which is not widely available outside Japan - and to update both the basic information and, where necessary, the conclusions to keep them in tune with current thinking. Those familiar with the Japanese original will find Chapter 3 largely rewritten on the basis of new work - much of which was initiated while Dr Satoo was in Blacksburg.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Download Forest biomass utilization Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : Zhimei Guo |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 152 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : Biomass energy |
| ISBN | : |
Download Forest Biomass Utilization in the Southern United States Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
As an alternative renewable source for bioenergy, forest biomass has recently drawn more attention from the U.S. government and the general public. Woody biomass policies have been adopted to encourage the new bioenergy industry. A variety of state policy incentives attempt to create a desirable legal climate and lure new firms, imposing two important questions regarding state government policies and the sustainable use of forest resources. This dissertation sheds some light on these questions. The first paper constructs a woody biomass policy index through scoring each statute and weighting different categories of policies from the vantage point of renewable energy investment. It analyzes the disparity in the strength of state government incentives in the woody biomass utilization. The second paper employs a conditional logit model (CLM) to explore the effects of woody biomass policies on the siting decisions of new bioenergy projects. In addition, significant state attributes influencing the births of new bioenergy firms are identified such as resource availability, business tax climate, delivered pulpwood price, and the average wage rate. The third paper uses the Sub-Regional Timber Supply (SRTS) model to examine the regional aggregate forest biomass feedstock potential in Tennessee and to predict the impacts of additional pulpwood demand on the regional roundwood market through 2030. The fourth paper includes the benefits of thinning and logging residues in a dynamic optimization model to analyze how bioenergy policies will impact forest stock, harvest levels, optimal rotation, and silvicultural effort. The results may have substantial implications regarding woody biomass policies, the creation of a new bioenergy industry, and sustainable forest resource management. A lucrative state woody biomass policy support and tax climate can attract new bioenergy businesses. States endowed with abundant forest resources may choose to provide strong tax incentives to spur the birth of new plants. However, overuse of forest biomass can impact roundwood markets and traditional wood processing industries. How government incentives will affect the sustainability of natural resources can be diverse. These findings offer constructive insights in the enactment and implementation of new woody biomass legislation.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : DIANE Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 56 |
| Release | : |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 1437941540 |
Download ForestryBased Biomass Economic and Financial Information and Tools: An Annotated Bibliography Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : Robin M Nazzaro (au) |
| Publisher | : DIANE Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 58 |
| Release | : 2005-09 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 9781422300596 |
Download Natural Resources Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In an effort to reduce the risk of wildland fires, many fed. land mgrs. -- incl. the Forest Serv. & the BLM -- are placing greater emphasis on thinning forests & rangelands to help reduce the buildup of potentially hazardous fuels. These thinning efforts generate considerable quantities of woody material, incl. many smaller trees, limbs, & brush -- referred to as woody biomass -- that currently have little or no commercial value. This report determines: which agencies are involved in efforts to promote the use of woody biomass, & actions they are undertaking; how these agencies are coordinating their activities; & what agencies see as obstacles to increasing the use of woody biomass, & the extent to which they are addressing these obstacles. Illus.
| Author | : United States Department of Agriculture |
| Publisher | : CreateSpace |
| Total Pages | : 42 |
| Release | : 2015-01-02 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781505847840 |
Download Evaluating Forest Biomass Utilization in the Appalachians Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Forests are important economic and ecological resources for both the Appalachian hardwood forest region and the country. Increased demand for woody biomass can be met, at least in part, by improved utilization of these resources. However, concerns exist about the impacts of increased intensity of woody biomass removal on the sustainability of forest ecosystems. Relatively little research has evaluated the impacts of forest biomass harvesting on site productivity, biodiversity, water quality, or other measures of ecosystem productivity, and new information about these and other related topics is not readily available. This report discusses the implications for the sustainability of Appalachian hardwood forests if additional woody biomass is removed for the production of woody biomass-related energy. It includes a summary and synthesis of published literature and ongoing studies to evaluate the possible effects of increased biomass removal on several primary aspects of forest sustainability (i.e., site productivity, water quality, wildlife and biodiversity, wood supply). general management guidelines are proposed that can minimize the impacts of woody biomass utilization on the sustainability of Appalachian hardwood forests. Accompanying the report is an online bibliography, containing references for scientific literature related to woody biomass harvesting and utilization beyond the scope of the Appalachian forest region.
| Author | : David L. Nicholls |
| Publisher | : DIANE Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 54 |
| Release | : 2010-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1437928323 |
Download Synthesis of Biomass Utilization for Bioenergy Production in the Western United States Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Examines the use of woody residues, primarily from forest harvesting or wood products manufacturing operations (and from urban wood wastes), as a feedstock for direct-combustion bioenergy systems for electrical or thermal power applications. Examines opportunities for utilizing biomass for energy at several different scales, with an emphasis on larger scale electrical power generation at stand-alone facilities, and on smaller scale facilities (thermal heating only) such as gov¿t., educ., or other institutional facilities. Identifies west-wide barriers that tend to inhibit bioenergy applications, incl. terrain, accessibility, harvesting and capital costs. Evaluates the role of gov¿t. as a catalyst in stimulating new technol. and new uses of biomass material. Illus.
| Author | : Michael R Vanderberg |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 39 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : Forest biomass |
| ISBN | : |
Download Evaluating Forest Biomass Utilization in the Appalachians Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Forests are important economic and ecological resources for both the Appalachian hardwood forest region and the country. Increased demand for woody biomass can be met, at least in part, by improved utilization of these resources. However, concerns exist about the impacts of increased intensity of woody biomass removal on the sustainability of forest ecosystems. Relatively little research has evaluated the impacts of forest biomass harvesting on site productivity, biodiversity, water quality, or other measures of ecosystem productivity, and new information about these and other related topics is not readily available. This report discusses the implications for the sustainability of Appalachian hardwood forests if additional woody biomass is removed for the production of woody biomass-related energy. It includes a summary and synthesis of published literature and ongoing studies to evaluate the possible effects of increased biomass removal on several primary aspects of forest sustainability (i.e., site productivity, water quality, wildlife and biodiversity, wood supply). General management guidelines are proposed that can minimize the impacts of woody biomass utilization on the sustainability of Appalachian hardwood forests. Accompanying the report is an online bibliography, containing references for scientific literature related to woody biomass harvesting and utilization beyond the scope of the Appalachian forest region.
| Author | : Dominik Röser |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 274 |
| Release | : 2008-03-05 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1402050542 |
Download Sustainable Use of Forest Biomass for Energy Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
From time immemorial, firewood has been a very important source of energy for mankind. Later in history, wood for energy decreased its importance because of other more convenient and cheaper sources, mainly fossil fuels. Today, focus is again on use of forests as a producer of energy with main drivers being climate change, shortage and increasing prices of fossil fuel sources, and safety in energy supplies. However, intensive use of forest biomass is qu- tioned since fundamental ecological processes may be influenced negatively thus making up a trade-off with the benefits of using an otherwise sustainable source of energy. In this book, selected aspects of intensive use of forest b- mass for energy is treated with main focus on ecological aspects like maintenance of soil fertility, recycling of the combustion ash, inf- ence on biodiversity and pests, and economical aspects both at forest owners level and for society. Another focus point is the implemen- tion of this knowledge into decision support, recommendations and guidelines. The geographical scope is mainly the Nordic and Baltic region. The EU-financed project “Wood for Energy, - a contribution to the development of sustainable forest Management” (WOOD-EN- 1 MAN) , make up the frame for the book. Seven partners participated in the project: Forest & Landscape Denmark, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Finnish Forest Research Institute, Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute, Lithuanian Forest Research Institute, Latvian State Forestry Research Institute, and Estonian University of Life Sciences with Forest & Landscape Denmark as coordinator.
