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| Author | : World Health Organization |
| Publisher | : World Health Organization |
| Total Pages | : 24 |
| Release | : 2022-06-13 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9240049541 |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : World Health Organization |
| Total Pages | : 84 |
| Release | : 2021-09-14 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9240035028 |
Prices and promotions of foods and non-alcoholic beverages within the food environment can incentivize or disincentivize consumers’ food decisions. Currently, however, prices and promotions often encourage selection of foods that undermine healthy diets. To address this challenge, and to support Member States in implementing policy measures, as recommended by the Framework for Action from the 2014 Second International Conference on Nutrition, the World Health Organization (WHO) is in the process of developing evidence-informed policy guidelines on the food environment, including fiscal and pricing policies. This review on contextual factors to be considered in the implementation of fiscal and pricing policies was prepared as part of the required process for WHO guideline development.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2021 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Dean T. Jamison |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 1449 |
| Release | : 2006-04-02 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0821361805 |
Based on careful analysis of burden of disease and the costs ofinterventions, this second edition of 'Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition' highlights achievable priorities; measures progresstoward providing efficient, equitable care; promotes cost-effectiveinterventions to targeted populations; and encourages integrated effortsto optimize health. Nearly 500 experts - scientists, epidemiologists, health economists,academicians, and public health practitioners - from around the worldcontributed to the data sources and methodologies, and identifiedchallenges and priorities, resulting in this integrated, comprehensivereference volume on the state of health in developing countries.
| Author | : Nicoletta Batini |
| Publisher | : Island Press |
| Total Pages | : 318 |
| Release | : 2021-06-08 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1642831611 |
The Economics of Sustainable Food details the true cost of food for people and the planet. It illustrates how to transform our broken system, alleviating its severe financial and human burden. The key is smart macroeconomic policy that moves us toward methods that protect the environment like regenerative land and sea farming, low-impact urban farming, and alternative protein farming, and toward healthy diets. The book's multidisciplinary team of authors lay out detailed fiscal and trade policies, as well as structural reforms, to achieve those goals. Chapters discuss strategies to make food production sustainable, nutritious, and fair, ranging from taxes and spending to education, labor market, health care, and pension reforms, alongside regulation in cases where market incentives are unlikely to work or to work fast enough. The authors carefully consider the different needs of more and less advanced economies, balancing economic development and sustainability goals. Case studies showcase successful strategies from around the world, such as taxing foods with a high carbon footprint, financing ecosystems mapping and conservation to meet scientific targets for healthy biomes permanency, subsidizing sustainable land and sea farming, reforming health systems to move away from sick care to preventive, nutrition-based care, and providing schools with matching funds to purchase local organic produce.--Amazon.
| Author | : Pourya Valizadeh |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2023 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Fiscal policies can help shift the relative food prices to encourage vs. discourage consumption and improve diets, especially among the poor. We use 2017-2018 packaged food purchase data for U.S. households to derive income- and household composition-specific demand elasticities across 22 aggregate categories including non-/minimally-processed and ultra-processed foods and beverages. We then simulate how several counterfactual national ultra-processed food taxes alone and alongside healthy food subsidies targeted to low-income households might shift purchases and their implications for nutrition and economic outcomes. Importantly, we find a sugar density-based tax on sugar-sweetened beverages would lower both volume and calories purchased with the largest impact on low-income households without children, and targeted subsidies would increase fruits and vegetables as well as healthy drink purchases without substantially increasing calories. In comparing low- vs. higher-income households, we find that under the tax simulations, low-income households would make larger reductions in their absolute volume and calorie purchases of taxed foods/beverages compared to higher-income households, suggesting these policies, if adopted and implemented, can help narrow nutritional disparities. Combining taxes and subsidies could help encourage healthier purchase composition with net caloric reduction for all low-income households while providing these households with a net economic gain and provide the federal government with a $10.4 billion revenue surplus under counterfactual policies considered in this study.
| Author | : World Health Organization |
| Publisher | : World Health Organization |
| Total Pages | : 134 |
| Release | : 2022-12-13 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9240056297 |
As the number of countries taxing SSBs increases, the available and emerging empirical evidence indicates that SSB taxation can be an effective lever for promoting healthier diets and improving population health. This guide is designed to support health and finance ministries in the growing number of countries that are exploring the use of SSB taxation to promote healthy diets, advance population health and improve societal welfare. Specifically, this manual is designed to (1) explain key economic concepts related to SSB taxation for public health personnel and SSB tax advocates to aid effective discussions and negotiations with financial officers and (2) provide finance ministry and health ministry officials with appropriate national-level examples in the implementation of SSB excise taxes, along with key considerations and strategies for effective SSB tax policy development, design, implementation and administration.
| Author | : Glauber, J., Laborde, D. |
| Publisher | : Food & Agriculture Org. |
| Total Pages | : 62 |
| Release | : 2023-02-20 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 9251376417 |
The analysis presented in this report examines the impacts of repurposing food and agricultural fiscal support and border support on the cost and affordability of healthy diets and several other key socioeconomic, nutritional and climate indicators. The impacts are estimated at the global level, as well as for various income groups and geographic regions. Scenarios include repurposing fiscal support to producer support targeted to high-priority foods (those where current levels of consumption are below that of recommended levels) and to consumer subsidies targeting high-priority foods.
| Author | : Dorairaj Prabhakaran |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 948 |
| Release | : 2017-11-17 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1464805202 |
Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related conditions cause more than 40 percent of all deaths globally, and their substantial burden is rising, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Their burden extends well beyond health effects to include significant economic and societal consequences. Most of these conditions are related, share risk factors, and have common control measures at the clinical, population, and policy levels. Lives can be extended and improved when these diseases are prevented, detected, and managed. This volume summarizes current knowledge and presents evidence-based interventions that are effective, cost-effective, and scalable in LMICs.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 107 |
| Release | : 2010-01-10 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0309139279 |
The prevalence of childhood obesity is so high in the United States that it may reduce the life expectancy of today's generation of children. While parents and other adult caregivers play a fundamental role in teaching children about healthy behaviors, even the most positive efforts can be undermined by local environments that are poorly suited to supporting healthy behaviors. For example, many communities lack ready sources of healthy food choices, such as supermarkets and grocery stores. Or they may not provide safe places for children to walk or play. In such communities, even the most motivated child or adolescent may find it difficult to act in healthy ways. Local governments-with jurisdiction over many aspects of land use, food marketing, community planning, transportation, health and nutrition programs, and other community issues-are ideally positioned to promote behaviors that will help children and adolescents reach and maintain healthy weights. Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity presents a number of recommendations that touch on the vital role of government actions on all levels-federal, state, and local-in childhood obesity prevention. The book offers healthy eating and physical activity strategies for local governments to consider, making it an excellent resource for mayors, managers, commissioners, council members, county board members, and administrators.
