Fair Taxation In The Middle East And North Africa PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Fair Taxation In The Middle East And North Africa PDF full book. Access full book title Fair Taxation In The Middle East And North Africa.
Author | : Mario Mansour |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 36 |
Release | : 2015-09-02 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1513563564 |
Download Fair Taxation in the Middle East and North Africa Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Fairness – and what governments can do about it – is at the forefront of economic and social debate all over the world. In MENA, this has been at the core of recent political transitions but has not been adequately addressed. This SDN explores how tax systems – a critical interface between the state and citizens – can play a role in meeting demands for greater economic fairness in MENA countries. The SDN finds that for countries with well-established non-hydrocarbon tax systems (mostly oil importers) reforms should focus on simplifying tax structures and introducing more progressivity of personal income taxes, broadening tax bases, and better designing and enforcing property taxes. Tax administration should be more efficient and user-friendly while simplifying tax regimes will reduce the scope for arbitrary implementation. MENA countries with less established non-hydrocarbon revenue systems can begin with a “starter pack” that includes introduction of low-rate value-added and corporate income taxes, excises, and property taxes while building up administrative capacity and taxation expertise together with plans for introducing a personal income tax. Across the region, effective communication, transparency, and constructive dialogue between the State and citizens are critical to the success of reforms.
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781513537344 |
Download Fair Taxation in the Middle East and North Africa Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 36 |
Release | : 2015 |
Genre | : Natural resources |
ISBN | : |
Download Fair Taxation in the Middle East and Northern Africa Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Fairness - and what governments can do about it - is at the forefront of economic and social debate all over the world. In MENA, this has been at the core of recent political transitions but has not been adequately addressed. This SDN explores how tax systems - a critical interface between the state and citizens - can play a role in meeting demands for greater economic fairness in MENA countries. The SDN finds that for countries with well-established non-hydrocarbon tax systems (mostly oil importers) reforms should focus on simplifying tax structures and introducing more progressivity of personal income taxes, broadening tax bases, and better designing and enforcing property taxes. Tax administration should be more efficient and user-friendly while simplifying tax regimes will reduce the scope for arbitrary implementation. MENA countries with less established non-hydrocarbon revenue systems can begin with a "starter pack" that includes introduction of low-rate value-added and corporate income taxes, excises, and property taxes while building up administrative capacity and taxation expertise together with plans for introducing a personal income tax. Across the region, effective communication, transparency, and constructive dialogue between the State and citizens are critical to the success of reforms.
Author | : Mario Mansour |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 39 |
Release | : 2023-02-17 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download Personal Income Taxes in the Middle East and North Africa: Prospects and Possibilities Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Personal income taxes (PITs) play little or no role in the Middle East and North Africa, often yielding less than 2 percent of GDP in revenue—with the exception of few North African countries. This paper examines how PITs have evolved in recent decades, and what they might look like in the next 20 years. Top marginal tax rates on labor and business income of individuals have declined substantially, a trend that mirrors reductions in advanced and developing economies. Taxation of passive capital income has changed very little, and the revenue intake from this source remains low throughout the region (less than 1 percent of GDP on average and concentrated in oil-importing non-fragile states). Social security contributions (SSC) have increased in importance in nearly all MENA countries, and some countries have introduced additional payroll taxes. The combination of reduced marginal tax rates, light taxation of income from capital and business activities, and increase of SSC, have resulted in income tax systems that create disincentives to work and incentives for informality, and contribute little to government revenue and income redistribution. Given differences in economic and political structures, demographics, and starting points, the path to PIT/SSC reforms will vary across the region. Countries with relatively mature PIT/SSC systems, where revenue performance has improved in the past two decades, will increasingly need to balance the revenue and equity objectives against effciency objectives (in particular labor market incentives and infromality). Countries with no PITs will have to weigh whether a consumption tax/SSC system that mimic a flat tax on labor income is sufficient to diversify revenue away from oil and whether to adopt PITs to address rising income and wealth inequality. Finally, fragile states, who face more political volatility and weaker fiscal institutions, will have to focus on simplicity of tax design and collection to be able to raise revenue from PITs.
Author | : Mario Mansour |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 36 |
Release | : 2015-09-02 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1513519751 |
Download Fair Taxation in the Middle East and North Africa Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Fairness – and what governments can do about it – is at the forefront of economic and social debate all over the world. In MENA, this has been at the core of recent political transitions but has not been adequately addressed. This SDN explores how tax systems – a critical interface between the state and citizens – can play a role in meeting demands for greater economic fairness in MENA countries. The SDN finds that for countries with well-established non-hydrocarbon tax systems (mostly oil importers) reforms should focus on simplifying tax structures and introducing more progressivity of personal income taxes, broadening tax bases, and better designing and enforcing property taxes. Tax administration should be more efficient and user-friendly while simplifying tax regimes will reduce the scope for arbitrary implementation. MENA countries with less established non-hydrocarbon revenue systems can begin with a “starter pack” that includes introduction of low-rate value-added and corporate income taxes, excises, and property taxes while building up administrative capacity and taxation expertise together with plans for introducing a personal income tax. Across the region, effective communication, transparency, and constructive dialogue between the State and citizens are critical to the success of reforms.
Author | : Hossein Askari |
Publisher | : Butterworth-Heinemann |
Total Pages | : 384 |
Release | : 1982 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download Taxation and Tax Policies in the Middle East Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Analysis of the structure and role of taxes in the Middle East, assessing present and future policy options. The role of taxes in developing countries is discussed, assessing the implication of Islam for taxation and comparing the fiscal history of sixteen Middle Eastern countries. A detailed evaluation of taxation and tax policy is made for the oil exporters as well as for the non-oil exporters.
Author | : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 75 |
Release | : 2019-11-06 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1513516906 |
Download Regional Economic Outlook, October 2019, Middle East and Central Asia Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Growth in the near term remains subdued for oil exporters in the Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan (MENAP) region, amid volatile oil prices, precarious global growth, elevated fiscal vulnerabilities, and heightened geopolitical tensions. In addition, declining productivity is dampening medium-term growth prospects. To reduce dependence on oil prices and pave the way for more sustainable growth, fiscal consolidation needs to resume, underpinned by improved medium-term fiscal frameworks. In parallel, structural reforms and further financial sector development would boost foreign direct investment (FDI) and domestic private investment and foster diversification, thus contributing to improved productivity and potential growth.
Author | : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 112 |
Release | : 2016-10-20 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1475546580 |
Download Regional Economic Outlook, October 2016, Middle East and Central Asia Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This issue focuses on the ongoing adjustment to cheaper oil and subdued economic activity for oil-producing countries, as well as the weak and fragile recovery in the Caucasus and Central Asia region. It also discusses global spillovers from China’s rebalancing and the growth of fiscal deficits.
Author | : Ms.Lisa L Kolovich |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 250 |
Release | : 2018-04-11 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 1513590367 |
Download Fiscal Policies and Gender Equality Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This volume contains seven chapters that consider how fiscal policies can address women’s and girls’ disadvantages in education, health, employment, and financial well-being. Researchers from a joint collaboration between the International Monetary Fund and the UK’s Department for International Development presented papers at a 2016 international conference on gender budgeting at the International Monetary Fund headquarters in Washington, DC, and detail the findings of their work here, which draws on published materials, a questionnaire sent to ministries of finance to all International Monetary Fund member countries, and interviews with country officials and international organizations that offer technical assistance to countries seeking to implement gender budgeting. They describe key gender budgeting efforts planning, allocating, and monitoring government expenditures and taxes to address gender inequality in sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and the Pacific, Europe, Latin America and Canada, the Middle East and Central Asia, and the Pacific Islands and Caribbean.
Author | : Ms.Lisa Kolovich |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 40 |
Release | : 2016-08-20 |
Genre | : Social Science |
ISBN | : 1475528310 |
Download Middle East and Central Asia Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Gender budgeting uses fiscal policies to promote gender equality and women’s advancement, but is struggling to take hold in the Middle East and Central Asia. We provide an overview of two gender budgeting efforts in the region—Morocco and Afghanistan. Achievements in these two countries include increasing female primary and secondary education enrollment rates and reducing maternal mortality. But the region not only needs to use fiscal policies for women’s advancement, but also reform tax and financial laws, enforce laws that assure women’s safety in public, and change laws that prevent women from taking advantage of employment opportunities.