Exploring Meteorological And Biomass Burning Aerosol Influences On Marine Stratocumulus In The Southeast Atlantic Using Wrf Chem PDF Download
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Author | : Eowyn Baughman |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 153 |
Release | : 2014 |
Genre | : Atmospheric aerosols |
ISBN | : |
Download Exploring Meteorological and Biomass Burning Aerosol Influences on Marine Stratocumulus in the Southeast Atlantic Using WRF-chem Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Biomass burning in southern Africa exists in a complex series of relationships with its adjacent and remote environments. Gas and aerosol emissions can be lofted into the free troposphere and undergo long-range transport in the prevailing easterlies. The same large-scale subsidence that drives continental fires during the dry season also promotes extensive stratocumulus clouds in the subtropical southeast Atlantic Ocean. Biomass burning aerosols often exist as layers lofted above stratocumulus; where clouds and aerosol layers intersect, the aerosols can influence cloud microphysics and radiative properties. Meteorological patterns also modulate aerosol transport and clouds, but there is ongoing debate in the literature regarding whether this ultimately makes a difference or if aerosol effects are dominant. Few efforts have been made to model this system. In this research, the regional weather-chemistry model WRF-Chem is used to simulate the interaction of biomass burning aerosols with stratocumulus clouds in the Southeast Atlantic to explore how clouds respond to aerosols and to synoptic-scale meteorological variability. At present, absorbing aerosols are excluded; their role will be explored separately in future research. Comparing simulations with biomass burning present or absent, we found increased liquid water path (LWP), reduced lower tropospheric stability (LTS), reduced low cloud, and reduced effective cloud droplet radius. Comparing strong with weak offshore flow indicative of synoptic-scale meteorological variability, we found similarly strong but opposite sign response in LWP, LTS, and low cloud amount. Intriguingly, the offshore flow pattern was associated with greater distance between aerosol and cloud layers, reducing the incidence of cloud-aerosol interactions during peak aerosol loading. We conclude that the meteorological variability driving both clouds and aerosols is an important element in this system that adds interesting complications to the interpretation of observational datasets.
Author | : Osinachi Ajoku |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 113 |
Release | : 2020 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Towards a Comprehensive Analysis of the Impact Biomass Burning Aerosols Have on the West African Monsoon Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This dissertation is motivated by the lack of research depth on the influence biomass burning produced aerosols impose on West African monsoon dynamics during daily time scales. The impacts of such aerosols on atmospheric thermodynamics and cloud microphysics are investigated using a combination of satellite observations and global climate model simulations. Using observations, we find (1) suppression of precipitation rates over the Guinea coastline with elevated aerosol transport and (2) an increase in rates with decreased aerosol amounts. Decreases in the amount of shortwave radiation reaching the surface over land and ocean attributed to increases in low-level cloud coverage and the absorptive nature of biomass aerosols observed in nature on dirty conditions are matched with reductions in convective available potential energy (CAPE), vertical air mixing essential for deep-convection cloud cover. Increased aerosol content is also associated with decreases in cloud droplet effective radius, a defining feature of aerosol indirect effects. Guided by available observations, model experiments are designed for NCAR's CESM2 with meteorology being nudged to observations using MERRA2 reanalysis to visualize data not available through such observations. Simulations successfully reproduce aerosol transport and corresponding precipitation changes found in observations. However, this model is not in agreement with changes in low-level cloud fraction which leads to increases (decreases) in shortwave radiation reaching the surface (top of atmosphere) during dirty conditions. Our model simulations show that aerosol semidirect and indirect effects interact together to alter cloud formation processes and ultimately control the precipitation response. Throughout the equatorial Atlantic, smoke aerosols impact the structure of stratocumulus to cumulus transition (SCT) through an alteration of atmospheric stability and moisture availability. Boundary layer deepening and increasing sea surface temperatures put the location of this transition within the Gulf of Guinea. Increased low-level clouds occur over the Atlantic cold tongue where aerosol layers reside above low cloud tops, reflecting a negative aerosol semidirect effect. Coupled with significant changes in cloud top height and tropospheric stability further South, these aerosol effects combine to extend in space during increased aerosol loading episodes.
Author | : Constantin Andronache |
Publisher | : Elsevier |
Total Pages | : 302 |
Release | : 2017-09-28 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 012810550X |
Download Mixed-Phase Clouds Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Mixed-Phase Clouds: Observations and Modeling presents advanced research topics on mixed-phase clouds. As the societal impacts of extreme weather and its forecasting grow, there is a continuous need to refine atmospheric observations, techniques and numerical models. Understanding the role of clouds in the atmosphere is increasingly vital for current applications, such as prediction and prevention of aircraft icing, weather modification, and the assessment of the effects of cloud phase partition in climate models. This book provides the essential information needed to address these problems with a focus on current observations, simulations and applications. Provides in-depth knowledge and simulation of mixed-phase clouds over many regions of Earth, explaining their role in weather and climate Features current research examples and case studies, including those on advanced research methods from authors with experience in both academia and the industry Discusses the latest advances in this subject area, providing the reader with access to best practices for remote sensing and numerical modeling
Author | : Robert T. Bluth |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 1993 |
Genre | : Boundary layer (Meteorology) |
ISBN | : |
Download Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment and Marine Aerosol and Gas Exchange: Mission summaries Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Darko Koračin |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 540 |
Release | : 2017-01-28 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3319452290 |
Download Marine Fog: Challenges and Advancements in Observations, Modeling, and Forecasting Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This volume presents the history of marine fog research and applications, and discusses the physical processes leading to fog's formation, evolution, and dissipation. A special emphasis is on the challenges and advancements of fog observation and modeling as well as on efforts toward operational fog forecasting and linkages and feedbacks between marine fog and the environment.
Author | : A. Pier Siebesma |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 421 |
Release | : 2020-08-20 |
Genre | : Mathematics |
ISBN | : 1107061075 |
Download Clouds and Climate Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Comprehensive overview of research on clouds and their role in our present and future climate, for advanced students and researchers.
Author | : F.T. Nieuwstadt |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 375 |
Release | : 2012-12-06 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9401091129 |
Download Atmospheric Turbulence and Air Pollution Modelling Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The study of turbulence in the atmosphere has seen considerable progress in the last decade. To put it briefly: boundary-layer meteorology, the branch of atmospheric science that concentrates on turbulence in the lower atmosphere, has moved from the surface layer into the boundary layer itself. The progress has been made on all fronts: theoretical, numerical and observational. On the other hand, air pollution modeling has not seen such a rapid evolution. It has not benefited as much as it should have from the increasing knowledge in the field of atmospheric turbulence. Air pollution modeling is still in many ways based on observations and theories of the surface layer only. This book aims to bring the reader up to date on recent advances in boundary-layer meteorology and to pave the path for applications in air pollution dispersion problems. The text originates from the material presented during a short course on Atmospheric Turbulence and Air Pollution Modeling held in The Hague during September 1981. This course was sponsored and organized by the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, xi xii PREFACE to which both editors are affiliated. The Netherlands Government Ministry of Health and Environmental Protection and the Council of Europe also gave support.
Author | : Stephan Randolph Kawa |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 232 |
Release | : 1988 |
Genre | : Atmospheric ozone |
ISBN | : |
Download The Chemistry and Dynamics of Marine Stratocumulus Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Chandra Venkataraman |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 320 |
Release | : 2018-07-06 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9811302804 |
Download Climate Change Signals and Response Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book provides a synthesis of research findings, in terms of strategic knowledge outcomes regarding emergence of recent regional climate signals, implications for impacts assessment, and mitigation and adaptation response, relevant in the Indian context. The first part discusses evidence of climate change and its underlying scientific processes across India, chiefly focusing on impacts that are already visible and attributable to anthropogenic activities. The latter part deals with the responses to climate change, highlighting the mitigation and adaptation strategies in various sectors and communities. The book presents a concise interpretation, distilling practical recommendations and policy prescriptions at national and sub-national levels. It serves as a reference point for understanding scientific advances and persisting uncertainty, future vulnerability and response capacity of interlinked human and natural systems, pertaining to India. It is an excellent resource for policy makers and industry watchers in addition to the research fraternity.
Author | : Claudio Tomasi |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 706 |
Release | : 2017-03-20 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3527336451 |
Download Atmospheric Aerosols Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Ein Blick auf die morphologischen, physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften von Aerosolen aus den unterschiedlichsten natürlichen und anthropogenen Quellen trägt zum besseren Verständnis der Rolle bei, die Aerosolpartikel bei der Streuung und Absorption kurz- und langwelliger Strahlung spielen. Dieses Fachbuch bietet Informationen, die sonst schwer zu finden sind, und vermittelt ausführlich die Kenntnisse, die erforderlich sind, um die mikrophysikalischen, chemischen und Strahlungsparameter zu charakterisieren, die bei der Wechselwirkung von Sonnen- und Erdstrahlen so überaus wichtig sind. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf den indirekten Auswirkungen von Aerosolen auf das Klima im Rahmen des komplexen Systems aus Aerosolen, Wolken und der Atmosphäre. Auch geht es vorrangig um die Wirkungen natürlicher und anthropogener Aerosole auf die Luftqualität und die Umwelt, auf die menschliche Gesundheit und unser kulturelles Erbe. Mit einem durchgängig lösungsorientierten Ansatz werden nicht nur die Probleme und Gefahren dieser Aerosole behandelt, sondern auch praktikable Lösungswege aufgezeigt.