Experimental Animal Models Of Human Diseases An Effective Therapeutic Strategy PDF Download
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| Author | : Bartholomew Ibeh |
| Publisher | : BoD – Books on Demand |
| Total Pages | : 410 |
| Release | : 2018-05-23 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1789231647 |
Download Experimental Animal Models of Human Diseases Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The world has recorded losses in terms of human life as well as extensive time spent in experimentation with development of new drugs, elucidation of disease mechanism(s), and therapeutic agent discovery. Ethical and legal issues cojoin in slowing down scientific discoveries in medicine and biology. The past two (2) decades, therefore, have seen tremendous attempts that largely are successful in developing animal models with the characteristics of mimicking, approximating, or expressing transplanted human organs/tissues. These models or rather approaches seem to be fast, cost-effective, and easy to maintain compared to primates. This book is a collection of expert essays on animal models of human diseases of global interest. A visible objective of the book is to provide real-time experimental approach to scientists, clinicians, ethicists, medicolegal/medical jurisprudence workers, immunologists, postgraduate students, and vaccinologists and informative and multidisciplinary approach for the identification of new therapeutic targets and biomarkers using animal models as well as investigating the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of human diseases. An increased understanding of the genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms responsible for the development of human diseases has laid out the foundation for the development of rational therapies mainly with animal models.
| Author | : Ibeh Bartholomew |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 408 |
| Release | : 2018 |
| Genre | : Zoology |
| ISBN | : 9781789231656 |
Download Experimental Animal Models of Human Diseases - An Effective Therapeutic Strategy Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The world has recorded losses in terms of human life as well as extensive time spent in experimentation with development of new drugs, elucidation of disease mechanism(s), and therapeutic agent discovery. Ethical and legal issues cojoin in slowing down scientific discoveries in medicine and biology. The past two (2) decades, therefore, have seen tremendous attempts that largely are successful in developing animal models with the characteristics of mimicking, approximating, or expressing transplanted human organs/tissues. These models or rather approaches seem to be fast, cost-effective, and easy to maintain compared to primates. This book is a collection of expert essays on animal models of human diseases of global interest. A visible objective of the book is to provide real-time experimental approach to scientists, clinicians, ethicists, medicolegal/medical jurisprudence workers, immunologists, postgraduate students, and vaccinologists and informative and multidisciplinary approach for the identification of new therapeutic targets and biomarkers using animal models as well as investigating the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of human diseases. An increased understanding of the genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms responsible for the development of human diseases has laid out the foundation for the development of rational therapies mainly with animal models.
| Author | : Xinkang Wang |
| Publisher | : Bentham Science Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 287 |
| Release | : 2012-10-03 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1608054691 |
Download Translational Animal Models in Drug Discovery and Development Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Animal models of diseases play a pivotal role in drug discovery and development, not only for proof of the concept studies of efficacy, PK/PD relationship but also for drug safety assessment. Since considerable differences in variables exist between animal models and human models (such as genetics, physiology, anatomy, gene expression, heterogeneity of disease conditions, etc.), not all the preclinical models are able to represent the pathophysiological conditions in human diseases. Therefore, partly due to the lack of congruency between animal and human disease models, several proposed therapeutic agents in the past decades have been demonstrated to be effective in preclinical models but failed in clinical studies. This e-book focuses on animal models of diseases from a translational perspective and highlights the key advantages and limitations of each model described to facilitate drug discovery and development. A unique feature of the volume is that it contains a selection of details disease models in various therapeutic niches with significant unmet medical needs, including inflammation, neurological diseases, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, and oncology. This e-book is, therefore, of considerable value to researchers and clinicians involved in drug discovery and development as well as pathology.
| Author | : Daniel Gidon Hackam |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 258 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9780494218938 |
Download Building a Bridge Between Animal Studies and Human Randomized Trials Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Animal experiments are widely used in biomedical research to develop new therapies for human disease. Such experiments are conducted under the assumption that animal models mirror human disease with a high degree of fidelity and that findings of efficacy in animal models will generally translate into effective human interventions. Yet experience shows that many agents which prevent or treat disease in animal models fail to replicate when the results are tested in subsequent human clinical trials. The problem is evident in many domains but is especially apparent in cardiovascular medicine. This dissertation formulates a comprehensive strategy based on health services research to evaluate the results of animal studies before clinical trials are undertaken. The strategy is applied to address three areas in vascular medicine where promising animal data support therapeutic efficacy. The results suggest this approach yields a number of advantages over the current pathway of taking animal data directly into clinical trials. First, by imposing an intermediate phase between animal experimentation and randomized trials, health services research can be used to vet animal findings for human applicability and relevance; such work can act as a stage of sober, second thought. Second, health services studies can generate information on effect size and other vital variables for planning successful clinical trials. Third, health services studies can shed light on many elements not often seen in animal data, such as toxicity, cost-effectiveness, the impact of comorbidity, and evaluation of class effects and non-compliance. Fourth, the approach can be adapted to translating animal evidence on etiology and pathogenesis to human beings. Ultimately, the most significant implication of this approach is to enhance the process by which animal data is transformed into advances in the prevention and treatment of human disease.
| Author | : Institute of Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 111 |
| Release | : 2013-04-25 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0309266335 |
Download Improving the Utility and Translation of Animal Models for Nervous System Disorders Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Nervous system diseases and disorders are highly prevalent and substantially contribute to the overall disease burden. Despite significant information provided by the use of animal models in the understanding of the biology of nervous system disorders and the development of therapeutics; limitations have also been identified. Treatment options that are high in efficacy and low in side effects are still lacking for many diseases and, in some cases are nonexistent. A particular problem in drug development is the high rate of attrition in Phase II and III clinical trials. Why do many therapeutics show promise in preclinical animal models but then fail to elicit predicted effects when tested in humans? On March 28 and 29, 2012, the Institute of Medicine Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders convened the workshop "Improving Translation of Animal Models for Nervous System Disorders" to discuss potential opportunities for maximizing the translation of new therapies from animal models to clinical practice. The primary focus of the workshop was to examine mechanisms for increasing the efficiency of translational neuroscience research through discussions about how and when to use animal models most effectively and then best approaches for the interpretation of the data collected. Specifically, the workshop objectives were to: discuss key issues that contribute to poor translation of animal models in nervous system disorders, examine case studies that highlight successes and failures in the development and application of animal models, consider strategies to increase the scientific rigor of preclinical efficacy testing, explore the benefits and challenges to developing standardized animal and behavioral models. Improving the Utility and Translation of Animal Models for Nervous System Disorders: Workshop Summary also identifies methods to facilitate development of corresponding animal and clinical endpoints, indentifies methods that would maximize bidirectional translation between basic and clinical research and determines the next steps that will be critical for improvement of the development and testing of animal models of disorders of the nervous system.
| Author | : Asfar Azmi |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2019-04-17 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780128147047 |
Download Animal Models in Cancer Drug Discovery Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Animal Models in Cancer Drug Discovery brings forward the most cutting-edge developments in tumor model systems for translational cancer research. The reader can find under this one volume virtually all types of existing and emerging tumor models in use by the research community. This book provides a deeper insight on how these newer models could de-risk modern drug discovery. Areas covered include up to date information on latest organoid derived models and newer genetic models. Additionally, the book discusses humanized animal tumor models for cancer immunotherapy and how they leverage personalized therapies. The chapter on larger animal, canine models and their use in and their use in pre-investigational new drug (pre-IND) development makes the volume unique. Unlike before, the incorporation of several simplified protocols, breeding methodologies, handling and assessment procedures to study drug intervention makes this book a must read. Animal Models in Cancer Drug Discovery is a valuable resource for basic and translational cancer researchers, drug discovery researchers, contract research organizations, and knowledge seekers at all levels in the biomedical field.
| Author | : P. Michael Conn |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 1109 |
| Release | : 2013-05-29 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0124159125 |
Download Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease identifies important animal models and assesses the advantages and disadvantages of each model for the study of human disease. The first section addresses how to locate resources, animal alternatives, animal ethics and related issues, much needed information for researchers across the biological sciences and biomedicine.The next sections of the work offers models for disease-oriented topics, including cardiac and pulmonary diseases, aging, infectious diseases, obesity, diabetes, neurological diseases, joint diseases, visual disorders, cancer, hypertension, genetic diseases, and diseases of abuse. Organized by disease orientation for ease of searchability Provides information on locating resources, animal alternatives and animal ethics Covers a broad range of animal models used in research for human disease
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 348 |
| Release | : 2000-12-21 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 0309070864 |
Download Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment reviews advances made during the last 10-15 years in fields such as developmental biology, molecular biology, and genetics. It describes a novel approach for how these advances might be used in combination with existing methodologies to further the understanding of mechanisms of developmental toxicity, to improve the assessment of chemicals for their ability to cause developmental toxicity, and to improve risk assessment for developmental defects. For example, based on the recent advances, even the smallest, simplest laboratory animals such as the fruit fly, roundworm, and zebrafish might be able to serve as developmental toxicological models for human biological systems. Use of such organisms might allow for rapid and inexpensive testing of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause developmental toxicity; presently, there are little or no developmental toxicity data available for the majority of natural and manufactured chemicals in use. This new approach to developmental toxicology and risk assessment will require simultaneous research on several fronts by experts from multiple scientific disciplines, including developmental toxicologists, developmental biologists, geneticists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians.
| Author | : Michael G. Katze |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 368 |
| Release | : 2015-12-30 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0128011742 |
Download Viral Pathogenesis Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Viral Pathogenesis: From Basics to Systems Biology, Third Edition, has been thoroughly updated to cover topical advances in the evolving field of viral pathogenesis, while also providing the requisite classic foundational information for which it is recognized. The book provides key coverage of the newfound ability to profile molecular events on a system-wide scale, which has led to a deeper understanding of virus-host interactions, host signaling and molecular-interaction networks, and the role of host genetics in determining disease outcome. In addition, the content has been augmented with short chapters on seminal breakthroughs and profiles of their progenitors, as well as short commentaries on important or controversial issues in the field. Thus, the reader will be given a view of virology research with perspectives on issues such as biomedical ethics, public health policy, and human health. In summary, the third edition will give the student a sense of the exciting new perspectives on viral pathogenesis that have been provided by recent developments in genomics, computation, modeling, and systems biology. Covers all aspects of viral infection, including viral entry, replication, and release, as well as innate and adaptive immunity and viral pathogenesis Provides a fresh perspective on the approaches used to understand how viruses cause disease Features molecular profiling techniques, whole genome sequencing, and innovative computational methods Highlights the use of contemporary approaches and the insights they provide to the field
| Author | : C.E. Orfanos |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 903 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3642816509 |
Download Hair Research Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Several years ago a friendly looking young man walked into my office at the University Department of Dermatology in Cologne, introduced himself as a diplomate chemist, executive member of a family-owned, rather small German company manufacturing hair care products, and proposed to me straight forward to organize an international meeting on hair research. In view of the large number of new developments in the field something like this should be done after all, he said; he also promised to provide financial support. Such a meeting should be on the highest possible level, I said; and he agreed. I took the challenge and my visitor kept his promise. Three years later the First International Hair Congress was organized at the sophisticated new Congress Center in Hamburg, in which 630 participants from 36 countries were registered. After three and a half days of formal sessions, informal discussions, workshops and poster presentations our unanimous feeling was that this has been a most successful meeting. The young chemist was right. The idea was excellent. The growth and presence of hair and its distribution over the human body as a cosmetic attribute has become during the last two decades a matter of tremendous emotional significance. Hair can be rather easily formed according to one's sence of style, representing his personal image and his social feeling. If it becomes unacceptable or out of fashion, the hair style can be easily changed; the hair regrows as a biological requisite, without any additional cost.
