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Exchange Rate Regimes

Exchange Rate Regimes
Author: Atish R. Ghosh
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 252
Release: 2002
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780262072403

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An empirical study of exchange rate regimes based on data compiled from 150 member countries of the International Monetary Fund over the past thirty years. Few topics in international economics are as controversial as the choice of an exchange rate regime. Since the breakdown of the Bretton Woods system in the early 1970s, countries have adopted a wide variety of regimes, ranging from pure floats at one extreme to currency boards and dollarization at the other. While a vast theoretical literature explores the choice and consequences of exchange rate regimes, the abundance of possible effects makes it difficult to establish clear relationships between regimes and common macroeconomic policy targets such as inflation and growth. This book takes a systematic look at the evidence on macroeconomic performance under alternative exchange rate regimes, drawing on the experience of some 150 member countries of the International Monetary Fund over the past thirty years. Among other questions, it asks whether pegging the exchange rate leads to lower inflation, whether floating exchange rates are associated with faster output growth, and whether pegged regimes are particularly prone to currency and other crises. The book draws on history and theory to delineate the debate and on standard statistical methods to assess the empirical evidence, and includes a CD-ROM containing the data set used.


The Exchange Rate System

The Exchange Rate System
Author: Ella H. Wright
Publisher:
Total Pages: 80
Release: 1984
Genre: Balance of payments
ISBN:

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Exchange Rates and Economic Policy in the 20th Century

Exchange Rates and Economic Policy in the 20th Century
Author: Derek H. Aldcroft
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 340
Release: 2017-07-05
Genre: History
ISBN: 135193791X

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The themes of this study are the exchange rate regimes chosen by policy makers in the twentieth century, the means used to maintain these regimes, and the impact of these decisions on individual national economies and the world economy in general. The book draws heavily on new research showing the lessons and the legacy left for policy makers by the gold standard and the attempt at its resurrection in the 1920s. In examining issues such as the gold exchange standard, the gold bullion standard, the experience of floating exchange rates, the Bretton Woods arrangements, the EMS and the ERM, and the Currency Board approach, there is a conscious attempt to draw out the relevance of history for policy makers now.


Exchange Rate Regimes in the Twentieth Century

Exchange Rate Regimes in the Twentieth Century
Author: Derek Howard Aldcroft
Publisher:
Total Pages: 232
Release: 1998
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

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Provides an account of the evolution of exchange rate regimes in the 20th century, in chronological, non-technical format. Links between the past and present shed light on the merits of different exchange rate systems. Discusses forces that have brought about change in order to determine how different regimes affected the economic environment, considers the merits or otherwise of the respective regimes, and assesses arguments for and against fixed and floating exchange ratesAnnotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR


Exchange Rate Regime Transitions

Exchange Rate Regime Transitions
Author: Paul R. Masson
Publisher:
Total Pages: 24
Release: 2000
Genre: Foreign exchange rates
ISBN:

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Some have argued that the only sustainable regimes are free floating and hard exchange rate commitments--essentially currency boards or monetary unions (Eichengreen, 1994, 1998; Obstfeld and Rogoff, 1995). For instance, Eichengreen (1994, pp. 4-5) says that ..". contingent policy rules to hit explicit exchange rate targets will no longer be viable in the twenty-first century ... Countries ... will be forced to choose between floating exchange rates on the one hand and monetary unification on the other." Similarly, Obstfeld and Rogoff (1995, pp. 74) state ..". there is little, if any, comfortable middle ground between floating rates and the adoption of a common currency." Hence, in the view of these authors, in the future we will see a disappearance of the middle ground that corresponds to soft commitments to some sort of intermediate exchange rate regime--adjustable pegs, crawling pegs, or bands, and perhaps also managed floating. This view is sometimes called the "two poles" or "hollowing out" (e.g., Eichengreen, 1994, pp. 6) theory of exchange rate regimes, and is based on the observation that higher capital mobility makes exchange rate commitments increasingly fragile. However, like the optimal currency area literature, which is essentially static, an explicit or implicit assumption is made that regimes are chosen to last forever, and from this perspective, one would only choose a regime that could be sustained once and for all. Only the hardest peg and the absence of any exchange rate commitment whatsoever are likely to qualify on that basis. Thus Eichengreen (1994, pp. 5), states "This will rule out the maintenance for extended periods of pegged but adjustable exchange rates, crawling pegs, and other regimes in which governments pre-announce limits on exchange rate fluctuations ..." (italics added).


Reference Rates and the International Monetary System

Reference Rates and the International Monetary System
Author: John Williamson
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Total Pages: 73
Release: 2007-04-30
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0881324795

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Growing global imbalances threaten to induce a collapse of the dollar, which could in turn produce a severe recession in the rest of the world. This crisis could force countries to say "never again" and search for a system to prevent similar disasters. The system that could do so is a reference rate system—where countries' authorities are forbidden from intervening in order to push the exchange rate too far from what is termed the "reference rate." It could help a country's authorities manage its exchange rate to avoid large misalignments, assist the private sector in forming more dependable expectations of future exchange rates and thus to manage their businesses more efficiently in a world of floating exchange rates, and aid the International Monetary Fund in designing and managing an effective system of multilateral surveillance. The world economy would function better as a result, with less chance of the global imbalances leading to a world recession.


Exchange Rate System

Exchange Rate System
Author: International Monetary Fund
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 1985-03
Genre: Foreign exchange rates
ISBN: 9780119837094

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The Rules of the Game

The Rules of the Game
Author: Ronald I. McKinnon
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 580
Release: 1996
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780262133180

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The Rules of the Game brings together essays written over the course of thirty years by a major figure in the field. McKinnon analyzes and compares a wide variety of important international monetary regimes: the establishment of the gold standard in the nineteenth century, Bretton Woods, the dollar standard, floating exchange rates, the European Monetary System, and current proposals for reforming world monetary arrangements. The essays are unique in that they specify precisely the rules of the game for each international monetary regime - past, present, and future. For ease of reference, the book offers boxed summaries of each set of rules and then discusses their advantages and disadvantages, from the gold standard down to the author's proposal for a common monetary standard for the twenty-first century.


Rmb Exchange Rate, The: Past, Current, And Future

Rmb Exchange Rate, The: Past, Current, And Future
Author: Yin-wong Cheung
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 277
Release: 2016-11-22
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9814675512

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Over the past two decades, China's robust economic performance has propelled it to the world stage. At the same time, the world has increasingly scrutinized China's economic policies and activities. One of the hotly contested issues is China's foreign exchange rate policy. China's current reform and modernization policies to convert its centrally planned economy towards a market-driven one could hardly draw on experiences of other countries.This book provides a succinct and up-to-date account of China's exchange rate policy including the currency undervaluation debate and the internationalization of its currency. It begins with a brief history of the modern China's foreign exchange rate policy. In particular, it highlights the three Chinese policy characteristics; namely, independence, controllability and practicability, and graduality. This prologue helps to interpret China's policy on its currency, the renminbi (RMB); including its recent initiatives to promote the international use of its currency.The book covers the basic theoretical and empirical issues that are relevant for determining the equilibrium value of the RMB exchange rate and, hence, its degree of misalignment. Then it evaluates the controversy surrounding the RMB valuation debate, and highlights the sensitivity of empirical estimates of the degree of misalignment to alternative presumptions.The book also examines the timely issues related to China's recent efforts in promoting the use of its currency in the global financial market. After describing the background of China's recent efforts to internationalize the RMB, the book a) discusses the main promotional policies, including the recent Qianhai project and Shanghai Free Trade Zone initiative, b) evaluates the current status of the offshore RMB market, the level of international use of the RMB and the admission to the SDR basket, and c) assesses the future prospects of the RMB to be a global currency.