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Evaluation of the Tennessee Voluntary Prekindergarten Program

Evaluation of the Tennessee Voluntary Prekindergarten Program
Author: Mark W. Lipsey
Publisher:
Total Pages: 11
Release: 2013
Genre:
ISBN:
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In 2009, Vanderbilt University's Peabody Research Institute, with the assistance of the Tennessee Department of Education's Division of Curriculum and Instruction, initiated a rigorous, independent evaluation of the state's Voluntary Prekindergarten program (TN- VPK). TN-VPK is a full-day prekindergarten program for four-year-old children expected to enter kindergarten the following school year. The program in each participating school district must meet standards set by the State Board of Education that require each classroom to have a teacher with a license in early childhood development and education, an adult-student ratio of no less than 1:10, a maximum class size of 20, and an approved age-appropriate curriculum. TN-VPK is an optional program focused on the neediest children in the state. It uses a tiered admission process with children from low-income families who apply to the program admitted first. Any remaining seats in a given location are then allocated to otherwise at-risk children including those with disabilities and limited English proficiency. The current report is the second in a series that presents findings from this evaluation. The prior report described outcomes at the end of the pre-k year for the children in the Intensive Substudy sample who participated in TN-VPK in comparison to those who did not participate. The present report summarizes the longitudinal effects of TN-VPK on kindergarten outcomes and those first grade outcomes that are currently available. At the end of prekindergarten, TN-VPK effects could be examined only on early achievement measures and teacher ratings of academic skills and behavior obtained at the very beginning of the kindergarten year. A notable addition in this current report is that results are now available on several other "non-cognitive" academic outcomes, including grade retention, attendance, recorded disciplinary actions, and special education services.

Variation in Observed Program Characteristics Across Classrooms in the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten Program

Variation in Observed Program Characteristics Across Classrooms in the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten Program
Author: Dale C. Farran
Publisher:
Total Pages: 7
Release: 2014
Genre:
ISBN:
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Interest in scaling up prekindergarten programs for children from low income families is dramatically increasing, especially with the announcement by President Obama of support for "universal preschool." Research in early education supports the idea of developmentally appropriate practice as reflected in instructional groupings and covered content; however, it is not yet clear if such appropriate practice and consistency in that practice can be upheld in a statewide program. This paper focuses on evidence from one portion of the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten Program (TN-VPK) evaluation from which classroom observations yield information on classroom quality state-wide. One table is appended.

Effects of the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten Program on School Readiness

Effects of the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten Program on School Readiness
Author: Mark W. Lipsey
Publisher:
Total Pages: 4
Release: 2012
Genre:
ISBN:
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Relatively few rigorous studies of the effectiveness of contemporary public prekindergarten programs have been conducted despite the growing number of programs and large monetary investments they require. The study on which this presentation is based was launched in partnership with the Tennessee State Department of Education's Division of School Readiness and Early Learning to provide an assessment of the effects of the statewide Tennessee Voluntary Prekindergarten (TN-VPK) program on the readiness for kindergarten of the economically disadvantaged population it serves. Research studies have reported the rapid neurological, cognitive, and social-emotional growth that takes place during the first five years of life and the positive effects of high-quality early childhood educational programs. In recent years, however, TN-VPK has become a controversial program in Tennessee, with some legislators expressing doubts about its value in the context of severe budget shortfalls and still others referring to it even more skeptically as expensive babysitting. This study interleaves a longitudinal randomized control trial (RCT) and an age-cutoff regression discontinuity (RD) design to evaluate the effectiveness of the TN-VPK program. Though the project is still underway, this presentation will summarize results for two cohorts of RCT participants.

Immediate and Longitudinal Effects of the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten Program on Student Cognitive and Non-Cognitive Outcomes

Immediate and Longitudinal Effects of the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten Program on Student Cognitive and Non-Cognitive Outcomes
Author: Mark W. Lipsey
Publisher:
Total Pages: 7
Release: 2014
Genre:
ISBN:
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Relatively few rigorous studies of the effectiveness of contemporary public prekindergarten programs have been conducted despite the growing number of programs and large monetary investments that accompany them. The study on which this presentation is based was launched in partnership with the Tennessee State Department of Education's Division of School Readiness and Early Learning to provide an assessment of the effects of the statewide Tennessee Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten (TN-VPK) program on the readiness for kindergarten of the economically disadvantaged population it serves. TN-VPK has become a controversial program in Tennessee, with some legislators expressing doubts about its value in the context of severe budget shortfalls and still others referring to it even more skeptically as expensive babysitting. This study interleaves a randomized control trial (RCT) design and an age-cutoff regression discontinuity (RD) design to evaluate the effectiveness of the TN-VPK program. Though the project is still underway, this presentation will summarize results from the RCT through first grade. One table is appended.

A Randomized Control Trial of a Statewide Voluntary Prekindergarten Program on Children's Skills and Behaviors Through Third Grade. Research Report

A Randomized Control Trial of a Statewide Voluntary Prekindergarten Program on Children's Skills and Behaviors Through Third Grade. Research Report
Author: Mark W. Lipsey
Publisher:
Total Pages: 51
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN:
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In 2009, Vanderbilt University's Peabody Research Institute, in coordination with the Tennessee Department of Education's Division of Curriculum and Instruction, initiated a rigorous, independent evaluation of the state's Voluntary Prekindergarten program (TN- VPK). TN-VPK is a full-day prekindergarten program for four-year-old children expected to enter kindergarten the following school year. The program in each participating school district must meet standards set by the State Board of Education that require each classroom to have a teacher with a license in early childhood development and education, an adult-student ratio of no less than 1:10, a maximum class size of 20, and an approved age-appropriate curriculum. TN-VPK is an optional program focused on the neediest children in the state. It uses a tiered admission process, with children from low-income families who apply to the program admitted first. Any remaining seats in a given location are then allocated to otherwise at-risk children, including those with disabilities and limited English proficiency. The current report presents findings from this evaluation summarizing the longitudinal effects of TN-VPK on pre-kindergarten through third grade achievement and behavioral outcomes for an Intensive Substudy Sample of 1076 children, of which 773 were randomly assigned to attend TN-VPK classrooms and 303 were not admitted. Both groups have been followed since the beginning of the pre-k year.

Variation in Mean Academic Gains Across Classrooms in the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten Program

Variation in Mean Academic Gains Across Classrooms in the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten Program
Author: Kerry G. Hofer
Publisher:
Total Pages: 7
Release: 2014
Genre:
ISBN:
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This paper presents evidence on the amount of classroom variation in gains across various domains of achievement within the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten (TN-VPK) program; the data are taken from the randomized control trial (RCT) design of the TN-VPK evaluation. This study explores areas where those differences are largest, and offers speculations about possible causes of these differences. The full randomized sample included children from 111 randomized school applicant lists in 28 districts across Tennessee. The consented subsample of that group came from 76 applicant lists in 58 schools from 21 districts. Ten of those 58 schools were in the West region of the state, 24 were in the Central West region, 12 were in the Central East region, and 12 were in the East. Children were individually assessed using the set of Woodcock Johnson III achievement tests (Letter-Word Identification, Spelling, Understanding Directions, Applied Problems, Quantitative Concepts, Passage Comprehension, and Oral Comprehension). Data presented were analyzed through first calculating each individual child's gain by differencing the beginning and end of pre-k scores on each subscale, and those differences were aggregated to the classroom level for the children who attended VPK. The focus of this paper is not just on mean gain, but on standard deviations and ranges of gain. The amount of gain made during the pre-k year in TN-VPK classrooms varied substantially from classroom to classroom. Correlations of gains across subscales revealed that though classrooms that tended to make more relative gain on one subtest also tended to make relatively more gain on other subtests, the strength of the correlations did not suggest that classrooms making the most gains always made the most gains regardless of subject matter. Tables and figures are appended.

Participation During the First Four Years of Tennessee's Voluntary Prekindergarten Program. Issues & Answers. REL 2011-No. 107

Participation During the First Four Years of Tennessee's Voluntary Prekindergarten Program. Issues & Answers. REL 2011-No. 107
Author: Anna Grehan
Publisher:
Total Pages: 38
Release: 2011
Genre:
ISBN:
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This study examines the first four years of Tennessee's Voluntary Prekindergarten program, directed to four-year-olds eligible for free or reduced-price lunch. It reviews participation levels and trends for the program as a whole, for collaborative partner classrooms, and for student and district subgroups and discusses the geographic distribution of program sites. Key findings include: (1) From 2005/06 to 2008/09, the number of PreK program participants increased from 6,943 to 18,746, the proportion of eligible children participating increased from 18 percent to 42 percent, and the proportion of local education agencies participating increased from 83 percent to nearly 99 percent; (2) The number of participants at collaborative partner classrooms increased from 1,428 (21 percent of all participants) in 2005/06 to 3,621 (19 percent) in 2008/09. Collaborative partner classrooms consistently accounted for approximately 21 percent of total PreK program classrooms; (3) PreK program participation levels and rates increased for all subgroups examined but exhibited varying growth rates across student and district subgroups. The participation rate increased faster for racial/ethnic minority students than for White students. Participation rates among students in special education increased from 8 percent to 32 percent. Large districts had fewer participants and lower participation rates than did small districts. Rural districts had higher levels and rates of participation than did nonrural districts. And the percentage of participants enrolled in collaborative classrooms was higher for racial/ethnic minority students and students in nonrural districts; and (4) The majority of public PreK program sites were in the four major urban areas of Tennessee: Chattanooga, Knoxville, Memphis, and Nashville. Collaborative partner sites were more evenly distributed across rural and nonrural areas. Appended are: (1) Literature review; (2) Background on Tennessee's Voluntary Prekindergarten program; (3) Data sources and methodology; (4) Participation by all four-year-olds in the state; and (5) Maps of public school and collaborative partner sites for Tennessee's Voluntary Prekindergarten program, 2005/06-2008/09. (Contains 3 boxes, 12 figures, 6 tables, 14 maps, and 3 notes.).

The Leading Edge of Early Childhood Education

The Leading Edge of Early Childhood Education
Author: Nonie K. Lesaux
Publisher: Harvard Education Press
Total Pages: 255
Release: 2021-02-23
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1612509193
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The Leading Edge of Early Childhood Education aims to support the effort to simultaneously scale up and improve the quality of early childhood education by bringing together relevant insights from emerging research to provide guidance for this critical, fledgling field. It reflects the growing recognition that early childhood experiences have a powerful effect on children’s later academic achievement and long-term life outcomes. Editors Nonie K. Lesaux and Stephanie M. Jones bring together an impressive array of scholarly contributors. Topics include: · creating learning environments that support children’s cognitive and emotional development; · identifying and addressing early risk factors; · using data to guide educators’ practice; and · capitalizing on the use of technology. Recent years have seen a surge of local, state, and national initiatives aimed at expanding and improving early childhood initiatives, particularly regarding access to preK programs. The Leading Edge of Early Childhood Education promises to be a valuable resource for those charged with enacting the next level of work in this critical area.

Untangling the Evidence on Preschool Effectiveness

Untangling the Evidence on Preschool Effectiveness
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 91
Release: 2019
Genre:
ISBN:
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This report presents the evidence on the effects of preschool, finding that well-implemented programs support substantial early learning gains and can have lasting impacts throughout school. It explains how the findings from evaluations of the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-K and Head Start programs inform interpretations of preschool effectiveness and demonstrate how study methodology used to compare children in a program to those outside the program shapes the interpretation of research results. When children who attend a specific preschool program are compared to similar children who did not attend preschool at all - as opposed to those who attended another program - the benefits of preschool are clear. Research finds that the quality of both preschool programs and primary schools can affect the measured outcomes of preschool before and during elementary education. [Publisher summary, ed]

The Wiley Handbook of Early Childhood Development Programs, Practices, and Policies

The Wiley Handbook of Early Childhood Development Programs, Practices, and Policies
Author: Elizabeth Votruba-Drzal
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 600
Release: 2017-01-30
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1118937325
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The first and only comprehensive review of current early childhood development theory, practices, policies, and the science behind them This unique and important bookprovides a comprehensive overview of the current theory, practices, and policies in early childhood development withinthe contexts of family, school, and community, and society at large. Moreover, it synthesizes scientifically rigorous research from an array of disciplines in an effort to identify the most effective strategies for promoting early childhood development. Research into childhood development is booming, and the scientific knowledge base concerning early childhood development is now greater than that of any other stage of the human life span. At the same time, efforts to apply that knowledge to early childhood practices, programs, and policies have never been greater or more urgent. Yet, surprisingly, until The Handbook of Early Childhood Development Programs, Practices, and Policies, there was no comprehensive, critical review of the applied science in the field. The book begins with in-depth coverage of child and family approaches. From there it moves onto a consideration of school- and community-based strategies. It concludes with a discussion of current social policies on health and development in early childhood and their implications. Provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the knowledge base, along with guidance for the future of the field Examines the underlying theory and basic science guiding efforts to promote early childhood development Critically reviews the strength of the empirical support for individual practices, programs, and policies Explores key opportunities and barriers policymakers and practitioners face when implementing various approaches Pays particular attention to socioeconomically disadvantaged and other disenfranchised populations The Handbook of Early Childhood Development Programs, Practices, and Policies is a valuable resource for practitioners, scholars, graduate students, and advanced undergraduate students across the social sciences who are interested in strengthening their understanding of current strategies for promoting early childhood development and the science informing those strategies.