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Evaluating Ethical Frameworks for the Assessment of Human Cognitive Enhancement Applications

Evaluating Ethical Frameworks for the Assessment of Human Cognitive Enhancement Applications
Author: Ellen-Marie Forsberg
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 62
Release: 2017-03-23
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 3319538233
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This book offers the policy-maker or decision-maker key insights and practical information regarding the features of ethics frameworks best suited to the ethical assessment of human cognitive enhancement (HCE) applications, such as pharmaceutical cognitive enhancers and noninvasive brain stimulation techniques. This book takes as its departure point the entrenched philosophical debate between opponents and proponents of HCE and the increased feasibility of some applications of HCE. Recent calls for policy-making in the area of human enhancement reflect the need to find a balance between addressing current ethical issues and issues that are more speculative in nature or are underpinned by abstract philosophical concepts. Practical ethical approaches for policy or decision-making should enable the development of an evidence base for the risks and benefits of HCE applications. Moreover, such practical approaches should also incorporate a broader range of value bases that would facilitate convergence regarding certain decisions and judgements. This book identifies and evaluate tools that help us to go beyond polarised philosophical debates in order to assist practical decision makers in concrete ethical deliberation and decision-making. The focus is on systematic methods with which to identify relevant ethical values and assess the impacts of an HCE application on those values in order to facilitate decision-making regarding the ethical acceptability or desirability of the application.

Human Performance Optimization

Human Performance Optimization
Author: Michael D. Matthews
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 464
Release: 2018-12-31
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0190853816
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The content of Human Performance Optimization is unique in terms of the focus, breadth, and scope of the individual chapter contributions. Moreover, this book was developed in response to a pressing need, first directed by the Chief of Staff of the Army, to examine current and future developments in behavioral, cognitive, and social neuroscience that may allow organizations to enhance individual worker and team performance. This volume captures a wide range of approaches, both with an eye to describing state of the art knowledge, and projecting what may become applicable in the near future. The variety of social, technological, and scientific issues make this book indispensable in our time. Organizations of all sorts, but especially those who operate in "in extremis" or high-stakes settings, are seeking to improve the performance of their workers. The chapters' breadth and accessibility will allow strategic leaders of organizations to evaluate breaking news in HPO, and will also serve as an up-to-date review of the field for scientists involved in human performance research.

Human Enhancement Technologies and Healthcare Policy

Human Enhancement Technologies and Healthcare Policy
Author: Jacek Klich
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 83
Release: 2024-08-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1040097286
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Human enhancement (HE) is considered one of the most profoundly impactful effects of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This book presents the definition, theory, scope, and main challenges of HE from a health policy and healthcare systems perspective. It offers a comprehensive view of the consequences of human enhancement disrupting the status quo in health service delivery and social coherence. The book examines the latest achievements of HE, focusing on four forms of enhancement: cognitive, physical, mood and moral. These forms are supported by the list of specific technologies and techniques used for HE. The book identifies the current trends in HE's development and analyses the challenges that HE poses to health policy and healthcare systems. It discusses the legal and financial aspects of HE, including regulation and shows that the financing of HE goes far beyond the scope of universal health coverage, thus opening the door for private, voluntary insurance and/or out-of-pocket payments. This, in turn, leads towards growing inequalities, which may threaten social cohesion. Readers will receive a structured picture of the latest advances in HE and trends in the field, as well as a list of the challenges and problems that HE generates. The book offers a concise picture of HE for students and researchers across the political sciences, public health, public sector management, and sociology. It will also find an audience among healthcare managers, policymakers, and those who are interested in social change.

The Digital Transformation of Healthcare

The Digital Transformation of Healthcare
Author: Marek Ćwiklicki
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 234
Release: 2021-12-30
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 100051496X
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Health 4.0 is a term that has derived from the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0), as it pertains to the healthcare industry. This book offers a novel, concise, but at the same time, broad picture of the challenges that the technological revolution has created for the healthcare system. It offers a comprehensive view of health sector actors’ interaction with the emerging new technology, which is disrupting the status quo in health service delivery. It explains how these technological developments impact both society and healthcare governance. Further, the book addresses issues related to key healthcare system stakeholders: the state, patients, medical professionals, and non-governmental organizations. It also examines areas of healthcare system adaptiveness and draws its conclusions by analysing recent health policy changes in different countries across the Americas, Europe, and Asia. The authors offer an innovative approach to the subject by identifying the critical determinants of successful implementation of the Fourth Industrial Revolution’s outcomes in practice, on both a macro- and microlevel. The macrolevel analysis is focused on essential factors of healthcare system adaptiveness for Health 4.0, while the microlevel relates to patients’ expectations with a particular emphasis on senior citizens. The book will appeal to academics, researchers, and students, across a wide range of disciplines, such as health economics, health sciences, public policy, public administration, political science, public governance, and sociology. It will also find an audience among healthcare professionals and health and social policymakers due to its recommendations for implementing Industry 4.0 into a healthcare system.

Cognitive Enhancement

Cognitive Enhancement
Author: Shira Knafo
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 407
Release: 2014-12-20
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0124171257
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Cognitive Enhancement: Pharmacologic, Environmental and Genetic Factors addresses the gap that exists in research on the topic, gathering multidisciplinary knowledge and tools that help the reader understand the basics of cognitive enhancement. It also provides assistance in designing procedures and pharmacological approaches to further the use of novel cognitive enhancers, a field that offers potential benefit to a variety of populations, including those with neurologic and psychiatric disorders, mild aging-related cognitive impairment, and those who want to improve intellectual performance. The text builds on our knowledge of the molecular/cellular basis of cognitive function, offering the technological developments that may soon enhance cognition. Separate sections cover enhancement drugs, environmental conditions, and genetic factors in terms of both human and animal studies, including both healthy/young and aging/diseased individuals. Provides a multidisciplinary knowledge, enabling a further understanding of cognitive enhancement Offers coverage of the pharmacologic, environmental, and genetic factors relevant to the topic Discusses cognitive enhancement from the perspective of both healthy and diseased or aging populations Topics are discussed in terms of both human and animal studies

Nanotechnology, the Brain, and the Future

Nanotechnology, the Brain, and the Future
Author: Sean A. Hays
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 391
Release: 2012-08-13
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9400717873
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Our brain is the source of everything that makes us human: language, creativity, rationality, emotion, communication, culture, politics. The neurosciences have given us, in recent decades, fundamental new insights into how the brain works and what that means for how we see ourselves as individuals and as communities. Now – with the help of new advances in nanotechnology – brain science proposes to go further: to study its molecular foundations, to repair brain functions, to create mind-machine interfaces, and to enhance human mental capacities in radical ways. This book explores the convergence of these two revolutionary scientific fields and the implications of this convergence for the future of human societies. In the process, the book offers a significant new approach to technology assessment, one which operates in real-time, alongside the innovation process, to inform the ways in which new fields of science and technology emerge in, get shaped by, and help shape human societies.

The Belmont Report

The Belmont Report
Author: United States. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research
Publisher:
Total Pages: 614
Release: 1978
Genre: Human experimentation in medicine
ISBN:
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Enhancing Human Traits

Enhancing Human Traits
Author: Erik Parens
Publisher: Georgetown University Press
Total Pages: 272
Release: 2000-01-03
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9781589018426
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In this volume, scholars from philosophy, sociology, history, theology, women’s studies, and law explore the looming ethical and social implications of new biotechnologies that are rapidly making it possible to enhance an individual’s mental and physical attributes in ways previously only imagined. To clarify the issues, the contributors grapple with the central concept of "enhancement" and probe the uses and abuses of the term. Focusing in particular on the moral issues pertaining to cosmetic surgery and cosmetic psychopharmacology (a category which includes Prozac), they also examine notions of identity, authenticity, normality, and complicity. Other essays in this collection address the social ramifications of the new technologies, including the problems of access and fairness.

New Technologies and the Law in War and Peace

New Technologies and the Law in War and Peace
Author: William H. Boothby
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 527
Release: 2018-12-20
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1108497535
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Explains how existing and proposed law seek to tackle challenges posed by new and emerging technologies in war and peace.

Human Enhancement Technologies and Our Merger with Machines

Human Enhancement Technologies and Our Merger with Machines
Author: Woodrow Barfield
Publisher: MDPI
Total Pages: 226
Release: 2021-06-15
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3036509046
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A cross-disciplinary approach is offered to consider the challenge of emerging technologies designed to enhance human bodies and minds. Perspectives from philosophy, ethics, law, and policy are applied to a wide variety of enhancements, including integration of technology within human bodies, as well as genetic, biological, and pharmacological modifications. Humans may be permanently or temporarily enhanced with artificial parts by manipulating (or reprogramming) human DNA and through other enhancement techniques (and combinations thereof). We are on the cusp of significantly modifying (and perhaps improving) the human ecosystem. This evolution necessitates a continuing effort to re-evaluate current laws and, if appropriate, to modify such laws or develop new laws that address enhancement technology. A legal, ethical, and policy response to current and future human enhancements should strive to protect the rights of all involved and to recognize the responsibilities of humans to other conscious and living beings, regardless of what they look like or what abilities they have (or lack). A potential ethical approach is outlined in which rights and responsibilities should be respected even if enhanced humans are perceived by non-enhanced (or less-enhanced) humans as “no longer human” at all.