Essays On Access To Higher Education In Brazil PDF Download
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Author | : Ana Paula Melo da Silva (Ph.D.) |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2021 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Essays on Access to Higher Education in Brazil Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This dissertation studies college admissions in Brazil in the past two decades, a period characterized by a decline in the socioeconomic inequality in demand for higher education. The first chapter studies an affirmative action policy enacted at a flagship university in Brazil to lower the socioeconomic inequality in college access. I find substantial redistributive effects, particularly for first-generation and racial minorities. Low-income applicants also become more likely to apply to a selective major. However, some targeted applicants reach too high, missing their chance at acceptance. Such inefficiency is driven by a strict one-major-choice admissions design. Alternative mechanisms can improve efficiency while preserving the redistributive gains. Beyond college access, inclusion in high-earnings fields is an important channel by which affirmative action can promote social mobility. The second chapter studies the effects of temperature on performance in an exam used for college admissions in Brazil. It exploits a unique context in which this exam's stakes changed over time, induced by more universities adopting a centralized college admissions system. Results show that temperature during the exam negatively affects performance. However, as the exam stakes increase, students exert compensatory effort to counterbalance the adverse effects of temperature. These findings reinforce the role of investments in infrastructure to mitigate a source of inequality affecting exam performance and college access. The third chapter studies how affirmative action policies adopted by almost one hundred universities across Brazil changed high school persistence and demand for college. Most policies targeted applicants from public high schools, some of which included income and race criteria. Exploiting temporal and spatial variation in policy intensity, results show positive effects on high school persistence and demand for college among targeted students but negative effects for the non-targeted. These findings highlight the importance of affirmative action in shaping individual aspirations and, in turn, pre-college levels of education, demonstrating the far-reaching effects of affirmative action policies.
Author | : Ana Paula Melo da Silva (Ph.D.) |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2021 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Essays on Access to Higher Education in Brazil Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This dissertation studies college admissions in Brazil in the past two decades, a period characterized by a decline in the socioeconomic inequality in demand for higher education. The first chapter studies an affirmative action policy enacted at a flagship university in Brazil to lower the socioeconomic inequality in college access. I find substantial redistributive effects, particularly for first-generation and racial minorities. Low-income applicants also become more likely to apply to a selective major. However, some targeted applicants reach too high, missing their chance at acceptance. Such inefficiency is driven by a strict one-major-choice admissions design. Alternative mechanisms can improve efficiency while preserving the redistributive gains. Beyond college access, inclusion in high-earnings fields is an important channel by which affirmative action can promote social mobility. The second chapter studies the effects of temperature on performance in an exam used for college admissions in Brazil. It exploits a unique context in which this exam's stakes changed over time, induced by more universities adopting a centralized college admissions system. Results show that temperature during the exam negatively affects performance. However, as the exam stakes increase, students exert compensatory effort to counterbalance the adverse effects of temperature. These findings reinforce the role of investments in infrastructure to mitigate a source of inequality affecting exam performance and college access. The third chapter studies how affirmative action policies adopted by almost one hundred universities across Brazil changed high school persistence and demand for college. Most policies targeted applicants from public high schools, some of which included income and race criteria. Exploiting temporal and spatial variation in policy intensity, results show positive effects on high school persistence and demand for college among targeted students but negative effects for the non-targeted. These findings highlight the importance of affirmative action in shaping individual aspirations and, in turn, pre-college levels of education, demonstrating the far-reaching effects of affirmative action policies.
Author | : |
Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
Total Pages | : 202 |
Release | : 2002 |
Genre | : Education |
ISBN | : 9780821350911 |
Download Higher Education in Brazil Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
"For years, Brazil has had a system of higher education, which has not adequately met the needs of the Brazilian companies or prospective students. In comparison to other countries in the region, Brazilian universities have enrolled a significantly smaller percentage of the eligible students, have not produced an adequately trained work force and have been cost prohibitive for lower income students. Both economic and societal pressures are now forcing changes upon the educational system. Together with the Minister for Education, members of the National Education Council, and others, World Bank staff participated in an assessment of options to improve higher education over the next two or three decades. This study describes the educational system, provides an economic perspective and contains specific policy recommendations resulting from the assessment."
Author | : Penildon Silva Filho |
Publisher | : Paco e Littera |
Total Pages | : 185 |
Release | : 2022-12-28 |
Genre | : Education |
ISBN | : 854622210X |
Download Cycle of debates education in China and Brazil Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Brazil and China constituted the economic and political bloc of the Brics (which also brings together India, Russia and South Africa), defending a new world order based on solidarity, inclusive economic development, in the search for environmentally sustainable growth alternatives, in respect for the self-determination of peoples and in the construction of Democracy. This effort will be more solid if it is accompanied by cultural, social and academic integration between these emerging nations, and the debate cycle and its product, this book, are part of this effort to bring researchers closer to ours universities and research centers.
Author | : Jerry Haar |
Publisher | : Praeger Publishers |
Total Pages | : 248 |
Release | : 1977 |
Genre | : Education |
ISBN | : |
Download The Politics of Higher Education in Brazil Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Carmen Lins Baía de Solari |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 346 |
Release | : 1978 |
Genre | : College students |
ISBN | : |
Download Opportunity of Access to Higher Education Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Liliana Lyra Jubilut |
Publisher | : Transnational Press London |
Total Pages | : 214 |
Release | : 2018-05-05 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 1910781789 |
Download Refugee Protection in Brazil and Latin America - Selected Essays Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Refugees and their protection have started to be a part of daily conversation in recent years. New flows from Africa to Europe, new crisis in Asia and in the Americas, and record numbers since the Second World War, for instance, have paved the way for news reports in the media, political discourses on the topic and debates on how to actually protect these persons. In a world scenario of increasingly (i) closed borders, (ii) association of migration to security issues, (iii) lack of political will to ascertain human rights and (iv) disregard for migration as a right in se, the challenges on and for refugees’ protection have been progressing; as have the need for international protection of persons fleeing well-founded fear of persecution due to their race, religion, nationality, political opinion or membership to a social group, i.e. refugees. Regional approaches and national practices gain relevance, especially if they can be seen as good practices, even if not without flaws. “What are the main challenges and opportunities regarding Refugee Protection in Latin America and in Brazil? The book offers a very convincing response. The essays by Liliana Jubilut reflect rigorous academic research and years of practical experience on supporting asylum seekers and refugees. The author is certainly one of the most influential scholars in Brazil working in the Forced Migration field, and the essays provide a comprehensive view of Refugee Protection in Brazil and Latin America”. – Gabriel Gualano de Godoy, PhD, UNHCR Chief of Mission in the Dominican Republic and former Head of UNHCR Protection Unit in Brazil. “This book shed clear lights on the development of refugee protection in Latin America for the years to come. Liliana Jubilut is already a leading scholar on refugee protection in Latin America and her articles reflect a long myriad of issues related to refugee protection, since status determination, resettlement, local integration and the remarkable humanitarian visas for the Syrian refugees. She shows the developments and setbacks and recover the most important developments since the Cartagena Declaration with a sharp eye and historical perspective. This book will soon become an essential bibliography for anyone trying to understand the particular and innovative refugee protection initiatives in this troubled but generous region”. – Wellington Pereira Carneiro, PhD, UNHCR Senior Official (having worked in Brazil and Colombia for UNHCR and in Panama prior to joining the UN)
Author | : Heloisa Suzana Santos Tomelin |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 202 |
Release | : 2002 |
Genre | : Education, Higher |
ISBN | : |
Download Access to Higher Education in Brazil Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Fernando Balbino Botelho |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 250 |
Release | : 2011 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Three Essays on the Labor Market and Education in Brazil Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Rosana Heringer |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 252 |
Release | : 2016-04-29 |
Genre | : Education |
ISBN | : 1137485159 |
Download Race, Politics, and Education in Brazil Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Brazil has undertaken affirmative action in its universities on an unprecedented scale. An expert group of international scholars puts the new policies in historical, political, and legal context; evaluates their outcomes for students and universities; and demonstrates that the policies have been successful in addressing racial inequality.