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Error and Uncertainty in Scientific Practice

Error and Uncertainty in Scientific Practice
Author: Marcel Boumans
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 264
Release: 2015-10-06
Genre: History
ISBN: 1317319486

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Assessment of error and uncertainty is a vital component of both natural and social science. This edited volume presents case studies of research practices across a wide spectrum of scientific fields. It compares methodologies and presents the ingredients needed for an overarching framework applicable to all.


An Introduction to Error Analysis

An Introduction to Error Analysis
Author: John Robert Taylor
Publisher: Univ Science Books
Total Pages: 327
Release: 1997-01-01
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9780935702422

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Problems after each chapter


Evaluating the Measurement Uncertainty

Evaluating the Measurement Uncertainty
Author: I Lira
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 278
Release: 2002-04-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781420034363

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It is now widely recognized that measurement data should be properly analyzed to include an assessment of their associated uncertainty. Since this parameter allows for a meaningful comparison of the measurement results and for an evaluation of their reliability, its expression is important not only in the specialized field of scientific metrology, but also in industry, trade, and commerce. General rules for evaluating and expressing the uncertainty are given in the internationally accepted ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, generally known as the GUM. Evaluating the Measurement Uncertainty details the theoretical framework on which the GUM is based and provides additional material on more advanced topics such as least-squares adjustment and Bayesian statistics. The book does not require previous knowledge other than elementary calculus and can be read as a complement to the GUM or as a stand-alone reference source. It stresses fundamental principles and illustrates their applications through numerous examples taken from many different fields of metrology. The book includes practical guidance as well as theoretical aspects, resulting in an invaluable resource for metrologists, engineers, physicists, and graduate students involved with measurements in academia and industry.


Body Physics

Body Physics
Author: Lawrence Davis
Publisher:
Total Pages: 590
Release: 201?
Genre: Physics
ISBN:

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"Body Physics was designed to meet the objectives of a one-term high school or freshman level course in physical science, typically designed to provide non-science majors and undeclared students with exposure to the most basic principles in physics while fulfilling a science-with-lab core requirement. The content level is aimed at students taking their first college science course, whether or not they are planning to major in science. However, with minor supplementation by other resources, such as OpenStax College Physics, this textbook could easily be used as the primary resource in 200-level introductory courses. Chapters that may be more appropriate for physics courses than for general science courses are noted with an asterisk symbol (*). Of course this textbook could be used to supplement other primary resources in any physics course covering mechanics and thermodynamics"--Textbook Web page.


Reproducibility and Replicability in Science

Reproducibility and Replicability in Science
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 257
Release: 2019-10-20
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309486165

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One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.


Simulating Nature

Simulating Nature
Author: Arthur C. Petersen
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 227
Release: 2012-04-24
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1040053351

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Computer simulation has become an important means for obtaining knowledge about nature. The practice of scientific simulation and the frequent use of uncertain simulation results in public policy raise a wide range of philosophical questions. Most prominently highlighted is the field of anthropogenic climate change-are humans currently changing the


Scientists' Expertise as Performance

Scientists' Expertise as Performance
Author: Joris Vandendriessche
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 256
Release: 2015-10-06
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1317317238

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The essays in this collection explore our reliance on experts within a historical context and across a wide range of fields, including agriculture, engineering, health sciences and labour management. Contributors argue that experts were highly aware of their audiences and used performance to gain both scientific and popular support.


Metrology

Metrology
Author: Anil Akdogan
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Total Pages: 124
Release: 2018-08-01
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1789235952

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Metrology, the science of measurement, is crucial for many sciences and technological developments. Since metrology helps to improve many other sciences, the book reflects in general metrology and some special metrological approaches at different fields such as radiation and frequency measurements in detail. This book also focuses on technical testing and control applications in the industry. It also intends the fundamentals of metrology concerning the related standards and systems of units. In addition, the book considers the calibration of measurement instruments and measurement uncertainties as the basic requirements of the related quality standards.


Mathematics of Uncertainty Modeling in the Analysis of Engineering and Science Problems

Mathematics of Uncertainty Modeling in the Analysis of Engineering and Science Problems
Author: Chakraverty, S.
Publisher: IGI Global
Total Pages: 442
Release: 2014-01-31
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1466649925

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"This book provides the reader with basic concepts for soft computing and other methods for various means of uncertainty in handling solutions, analysis, and applications"--Provided by publisher.


Reasoning in Measurement

Reasoning in Measurement
Author: Nicola Mößner
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 262
Release: 2017-03-16
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1351966448

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This collection offers a new understanding of the epistemology of measurement. The interdisciplinary volume explores how measurements are produced, for example, in astronomy and seismology, in studies of human sexuality and ecology, in brain imaging and intelligence testing. It considers photography as a measurement technology and Henry David Thoreau's poetic measures as closing the gap between mind and world. By focusing on measurements as the hard-won results of conceptual as well as technical operations, the authors of the book no longer presuppose that measurement is always and exclusively a means of representing some feature of a target object or entity. Measurement also provides knowledge about the degree to which things have been standardized or harmonized – it is an indicator of how closely human practices are attuned to each other and the world.