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Engineering of Halogenases towards Synthetic Applications

Engineering of Halogenases towards Synthetic Applications
Author: Hannah Minges
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 116
Release: 2017-05-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3658184108
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Hannah Minges focuses on the investigation of two different FAD-dependent halogenases in order to analyze and improve their applicability for chemoenzymatic approaches in chemistry. Owing to beneficial features, like high selectivity and benign reaction conditions, nature’s toolkit for halogenation provides several advantages, whereas conventional chemical strategies require hazardous reagents and suffer from low selectivity. Therefore, enzymatic halogenation arises as promising alternative in the synthesis of valuable chemicals. One project focuses on the generation of a thermostable variant of the tryptophan halogenase Thal by means of directed evolution. The second project deals with the investigation of the marine halogenase Bmp5. This enzyme is of synthetic interest because it preferably introduces bromine into phenol compounds, whereas chlorination cannot take place.

Synthetic Biology and Metabolic Engineering in Plants and Microbes Part A: Metabolism in Microbes

Synthetic Biology and Metabolic Engineering in Plants and Microbes Part A: Metabolism in Microbes
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 396
Release: 2016-07-11
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0128046163
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Synthetic Biology and Metabolic Engineering in Plants and Microbes: Part A, the new volume in the Methods in Enzymology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. This volume covers research methods, synthetic biology, and metabolic engineering in plants and microbes, and includes sections on such topics as the uses of integrases in microbial engineering, biosynthesis, and engineering of tryptophan derived metabolites, regulation and discovery of fungal natural products, and elucidation and localization of plant pathways. Continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field Contains two volumes covering research methods in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering in plants and microbes Presents sections on such topics as the uses of integrases in microbial engineering, biosynthesis, and engineering of tryptophan derived metabolites, regulation and discovery of fungal natural products, and elucidation and localization of plant pathways

Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds

Naturally Occurring Organohalogen Compounds
Author: A. Douglas Kinghorn
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 553
Release: 2023-07-24
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3031266293
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The present volume is the third in a trilogy that documents naturally occurring organohalogen compounds, bringing the total number — from fewer than 25 in 1968 — to approximately 8,000 compounds to date. Nearly all of these natural products contain chlorine or bromine, with a few containing iodine and, fewer still, fluorine. Produced by ubiquitous marine (algae, sponges, corals, bryozoa, nudibranchs, fungi, bacteria) and terrestrial organisms (plants, fungi, bacteria, insects, higher animals) and universal abiotic processes (volcanos, forest fires, geothermal events), organohalogens pervade the global ecosystem. Newly identified extraterrestrial sources are also documented. In addition to chemical structures, biological activity, biohalogenation, biodegradation, natural function, and future outlook are presented.

Halogenated Heterocycles

Halogenated Heterocycles
Author: Jernej Iskra
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 326
Release: 2012-02-07
Genre: Science
ISBN: 364225103X
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G. Sandford: Perfluoroheteroaromatic Chemistry: Multifunctional Systems from Perfluorinated Heterocycles by Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Processes.- A. A. Gakh: Monofluorinated Heterocycles.- R. Dembinski ∙ Y. Li ∙ D. Gundapuneni ∙ A. Decker: Synthesis of beta-Halofurans.- Y. Shermolovich ∙ S. Pazenok: Synthesis of halogenated 5- and 6-membered sulfur- and Sulfur, Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles.- S. Minakata ∙ Y. Takeda ∙ J. Hayakawa: Heterocyclic Reagents Containing Nitrogen-Halogen Bond: Recent Applications.- Michael Schnürch: Recent Progress on the Halogen Dance Reaction on Heterocycles.- T. Kosjek ∙ E. Heath: Halogenated Heterocycles as Pharmaceuticals.- E. Heath ∙ T. Kosjek: Sources, Occurrence and Fate of Halogenated Heterocyclic Pharmaceuticals in the Environment.- J. Iskra: Green Methods in Halogenation of Heterocycles.

Pharmaceutical Biocatalysis

Pharmaceutical Biocatalysis
Author: Peter Grunwald
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 567
Release: 2019-11-07
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1000707571
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This volume provides an insight into the future strategies for commercial biocatalysis with a focus on sustainable technologies, together with chemoenzymatic and biotechnological approaches to synthesize various types of approved and new active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) via proven and latest synthetic routes using single-step biocatalytic or enzyme cascade reactions. Many of these drugs act as enzyme inhibitors, as discussed in a chapter with a variety of examples. The targeted enzymes are involved in diseases such as different cancers, metastatic and infectious diseases, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disorders. The biocatalysts employed for API synthesis include hydrolytic enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenases, laccases, imine reductases, reductive aminases, peroxygenases, cytochrome P450 enzymes, polyketide synthases, transaminases, and halogenases. Many of them have been improved with respect to their properties by engineering methods. The book discusses the syntheses of drugs, including alkaloids and antibiotics, non-ribosomal peptides, antimalarial and antidiabetic drugs, prenylated xanthones, antioxidants, and many important (chiral) intermediates required for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.

Modern Developments in Catalysis

Modern Developments in Catalysis
Author: Graham Hutchings
Publisher: World Scientific
Total Pages: 348
Release: 2016-11-14
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1786341239
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The UK Catalysis Hub is a consortium of universities working together on fundamental and applied research to find out how catalysts work and to improve their effectiveness. The contribution of catalysis to manufacturing contributes to almost 40% of global GDP, making development and innovation within the field integral to industry. Modern Developments in Catalysis provides a review of current research and practise on catalysis, focussing on five main themes: catalysis design, environmental catalysis, catalysis and energy, chemical transformation and biocatalysis and biotransformations. Topics range from complex reactions to the intricacies of catalyst preparation for supported nanoparticles, while chapters illustrate the challenges facing catalytic science and the directions in which the field is developing. Editor leaders of the UK Hub, this book provides insight into one of the most important areas of modern chemistry — it represents a unique learning opportunity for students and professionals studying and working towards speeding-up, improving and increasing the rate of catalytic reactions in science and industry.

Flavin-Dependent Enzymes: Mechanisms, Structures and Applications

Flavin-Dependent Enzymes: Mechanisms, Structures and Applications
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 568
Release: 2020-09-21
Genre: Science
ISBN: 012820138X
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The Enzymes, Volume 47, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on The Multipurpose Family of Oxidases, Vanillyl alcohol oxidase, Choline oxidases, Aryl alcohol oxidase, D- and L-amino acid oxidases, Sugar oxidases, Phenolic Compounds hydroxylases, Baeyer-Villiger Monooxygenases, Flavin-dependent halogenases, Flavin-dependent dehalogenases, Styrene Monooxygenases, Bacterial luciferases, Cellobiose Dehydrogenases, Prenylated flavoenzymes, Ene-reductases, Flavoenzymes in Biocatalysis. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in The Enzymes series

Biocatalytic Synthesis of Bioactive Compounds

Biocatalytic Synthesis of Bioactive Compounds
Author: Josefina Aleu
Publisher: MDPI
Total Pages: 142
Release: 2020-12-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 303943571X
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Biocatalysis, the application of enzymes as catalysts for chemical synthesis, has become an increasingly valuable tool for the synthetic chemist. Enzymatic transformations carried out by enzymes or whole-cell catalysts are used for the production of a wide variety of compounds ranging from bulk to fine chemicals. The primary consideration for the incorporation of biotransformation in a synthetic sequence is regio- and stereocontrol that can be achieved with enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Biotransformations are thus becoming accepted as a method for generating optically pure compounds as well as for developing efficient routes to target compounds. This Special Issue aims to address the main applications of biocatalysts, isolated enzymes, and whole microorganisms in the synthesis of bioactive compounds and their precursors.

Enzyme Engineering

Enzyme Engineering
Author: Manfred T. Reetz
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 405
Release: 2023-01-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3527836888
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Enzyme Engineering An authoritative and up-to-date discussion of enzyme engineering and its applications In Enzyme Engineering: Selective Catalysts for Applications in Biotechnology, Organic Chemistry, and Life Science, a team of distinguished researchers deliver a robust treatment of enzyme engineering and its applications in various fields such as biotechnology, life science, and synthesis. The book begins with an introduction to different protein engineering techniques, covers topics like gene mutagenesis methods for directed evolution and rational enzyme design. It includes industrial case studies of enzyme engineering with a focus on selectivity and activity. The authors also discuss new and innovative areas in the field, involving machine learning and artificial intelligence. It offers several insightful perspectives on the future of this work. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to directed evolution and rational design as protein engineering techniques Comprehensive explorations of screening and selection techniques, gene mutagenesis methods in directed evolution, and guidelines for applying gene mutagenesis in organic chemistry, pharmaceutical applications, and biotechnology Practical discussions of protein engineering of enzyme robustness relevant to organic and pharmaceutical chemistry Treatments of artificial enzymes as promiscuous catalysts Various lessons learned from semi-rational and rational directed evolution A transdisciplinary treatise, Enzyme Engineering: Selective Catalysts for Applications in Biotechnology, Organic Chemistry, and Life Science is perfect for protein engineers, theoreticians, organic, and pharmaceutical chemists as well as transition metal researchers in catalysis and biotechnologists.