Energy Recovery Devices In Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plants With Emphasis On Efficiency And Economical Analysis Of Isobaric Versus Centrifugal Devices PDF Download

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Energy Recovery Devices in Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plants with Emphasis on Efficiency and Economical Analysis of Isobaric Versus Centrifugal Devices

Energy Recovery Devices in Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plants with Emphasis on Efficiency and Economical Analysis of Isobaric Versus Centrifugal Devices
Author: Mageed Jean Guirguis
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2011
Genre:
ISBN:

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With huge demands for potable water in regions lacking fresh water sources such as surface or ground water, various potential technologies have been explored for eliminating water shortage. Seawater emerged as a potential source and a major lifeline for such water-deprived areas. The development of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) technology proved to be a groundbreaking innovation, making it easier to extract pure water from seawater. Ever since its inception, SWRO technology has taken many leaps towards the development of energy efficient and high yielding systems. The reduction in energy consumption of desalination plants that were based on the SWRO technology emerged as a major driver of the technology revolution in this field. The improvement of membrane life and salt rejection, increase in recovery, and decrease in energy consumption has been the primary criteria for sifting through available technologies for incorporation in desalination plants. Many developments have, ever since, occurred in this direction. The membrane life has multiplied and the Total Dissolved Solids in the product are now as low as 100 mg/L. In addition, recoveries of 40-50% have been achieved. By recycling energy, many SWRO desalination plants have significantly lowered their total energy consumption. With the help of energy recovery devices (ERDs), it is now possible to decrease power consumption and increase efficiency of the seawater reverse osmosis desalination plant. The first large-scale municipal SWRO plant was installed in 1980 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. This plant consumed 8 kilowatt-hours energy per cubic meter of water produced. This consumed energy was less than half of what was usually consumed by other conventional distillation processes. However, the SWRO desalination technology has one disadvantage. The seawater, which is to be desalinated, is pressurized with the help of high-pressure pumps. A large amount of energy is consumed during this process.


Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Desalination: Energy consumption in plants, advanced low-energy technologies, and future developments for improving energy efficiency

Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Desalination: Energy consumption in plants, advanced low-energy technologies, and future developments for improving energy efficiency
Author: Seungkwan Hong
Publisher: IWA Publishing
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2023-05-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781789061208

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High-energy consumption is a critical issue associated with seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination, although the SWRO has been regarded as one of the most energy-efficient processes for seawater desalination. This means that SWRO involves a larger amount of fossil fuel and other energy sources for water production, which imposes a negative impact on the environment such as greenhouse gas emission. Therefore, the high-energy consumption of SWRO should be addressed to minimize environmental impacts and to allow for sustainable exploitation of seawater. However, the recent trend of energy consumption in SWRO seems to have reached a saturation point, which is still higher than theoretical minimum energy. To find new and innovative strategies for lowering current energy consumption, a comprehensive understanding of energy use in SWRO plants from theoretical analysis to actual energy consumption in real SWRO plants is required. This book can provide readers with information about the current state of energy consumption in actual SWRO plants, the fundamental understanding of energy use of SWRO plants from theoretical point of view, and advanced technologies and processes that could be applied for future energy reduction. In addition, this book will offer a detailed methodology for analyzing energy issues in seawater desalination. Through this book, readers will obtain an insight into how to deal with and analyze the energy issues in SWRO desalination.


Sustainable Materials and Systems for Water Desalination

Sustainable Materials and Systems for Water Desalination
Author: Inamuddin
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 254
Release: 2021-09-30
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3030728730

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This edited book explores the most promising and reliable technological developments expected to impact on the next generation of desalination systems. The book includes research studies which takes the reader on a fascinating walk through the multidisciplinary world of membrane science applied to water treatment. Concerning the ultimate technological advancement, the book seeks to investigate how to bridge the gap between the laboratory scale and the applicability to industry.


Sea Water Desalination in Microgrids

Sea Water Desalination in Microgrids
Author: Enrique Rosales-Asensio
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 235
Release: 2022-02-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 303096678X

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This book investigates the sustainability performance of system that use microgrids in desalination processes. Climate change may be especially dramatic in its effects on island environments. In these environments, aquifers and wells could become over exploited resulting the use of desalination plans. The synergies between water, energy, and food sectors have been identified as vital in achieving the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals. The book explores desalination and microgrids technically as well the economic and legal aspects that must be considered in order explore their techno-economic feasibility - analyzing how to improve the desalination process, proposing a method to locate and size a microgrid. Other synergies between the water, energy, and food system are discussed and the benefits to society that might result in these systems. Also, the lessons learned are highlighted in the context of how they may apply to other sustainable enterprises.


Desalination Sustainability

Desalination Sustainability
Author: Hassan Arafat
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 442
Release: 2017-06-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128098961

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Desalination Sustainability: A Technical, Socioeconomic, and Environmental Approach presents a technical, socioeconomical, and environmental approach that guides researchers and technology developers on how to quantify the energy efficiency of a proposed desalination process using thermodynamics-based tools. The book offers the technical reader an understanding of the issues related to desalination sustainability. For example, technology users, such as public utility managers will gain the ability and tools to assess whether or not desalination is a good choice for a city or country. Readers will learn new insights on a clear and practical methodology on how to probe the economic feasibility of desalination using simple and effective tools, such as levelized cost of water (LCOW) calculation. Decision-makers will find this book to be a valuable resource for the preliminary assessment of whether renewable-powered desalination is a good choice for their particular setting. Presents the issues related to desalination sustainability Guides researchers and technology developers on how to quantify the energy efficiency of a proposed desalination process using thermodynamics-based tools Outlines a clear and practical methodology on how to probe the economic feasibility of desalination using simple and effective tools Provides a roadmap for decision-makers on the applicability of a desalination process at a particular setting


Desalination Technologies

Desalination Technologies
Author: Iqbal M. Mujtaba
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 662
Release: 2022-06-28
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128137916

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Desalination Technologies: Design and Operation sets the scene for desalination technologies as a long-term solution to freshwater demand by analyzing the current demand for water, available water resources and future predicted demand. The book captures recent developments in thermal desalination (multistage flash desalination, multi-effect evaporation, vapor compression), membrane desalination (forward osmosis, reverse osmosis, pressure retarded, electrodialysis, membrane distillation, ultra-, nano-, and micro-filtration), and alternative processes such as freezing and ion exchange. Both dynamic and steady state models (from short cut, simple, to detail) of various desalination processes are discussed. The book is intended for (under)graduate students in chemical engineering and postgraduate researchers and industrial practitioners in desalination. Provides the fundamentals of different desalination processes Includes desalination modeling from short and simple, to detailed and more advanced Discusses desalination optimization and synthesis to reduce environmental impact Handles thermo-physical property models and correlations Includes case studies to give a clearer understanding of desalination


The Design of a Controllable Energy Recovery Device for Solar Powered Reverse Osmosis Desalination with Experimental Validation

The Design of a Controllable Energy Recovery Device for Solar Powered Reverse Osmosis Desalination with Experimental Validation
Author: Elizabeth Anne Reed (S.M.)
Publisher:
Total Pages: 96
Release: 2012
Genre:
ISBN:

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The purpose of this thesis is to design and validate a controllable energy recovery device with application to photovoltaic powered reverse osmosis (PVRO). The energy consumption of a reverse osmosis plant depends significantly on the efficiency of its energy recovery process. This work presents a concept for a controllable energy recovery process, so that a system can operate optimally based on the incoming water and power characteristics. The design presented here uses a variable nozzle and a Pelton wheel to recover energy from the high pressure concentrated brine exiting the reverse osmosis membrane. The components are designed, analytically modeled using fundamental engineering principles, and experimentally tested. The experimental data is then used to check the validity of the formulated concept models. This research encompasses the modeling and testing of a variable nozzle using a needle valve to control the flow through the nozzle, and also of a Pelton bucket, to examine the effectiveness of the momentum transfer from a high velocity jet to the Pelton wheel. This research is done to examine the feasibility of this concept for potential implementation on a full scale PVRO system. The component validation is performed to prove that the concept is effective and competitive with other options.


Clean Energy and Resource Recovery

Clean Energy and Resource Recovery
Author: Vinay Kumar Tyagi
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 484
Release: 2021-11-10
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0323901794

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Clean Energy and Resource Recovery: Wastewater Treatment Plants as Bio-refineries, Volume 2, summarizes the fundamentals of various treatment modes applied to the recovery of energy and value-added products from wastewater treatment plants. The book addresses the production of biofuel, heat, and electricity, chemicals, feed, and other products from municipal wastewater, industrial wastewater, and sludge. It intends to provide the readers an account of up-to-date information on the recovery of biofuels and other value-added products using conventional and advanced technological developments. The book starts with identifying the key problems of the sectors and then provides solutions to them with step-by-step guidance on the implementation of processes and procedures. Titles compiled in this book further explore related issues like the safe disposal of leftovers, from a local to global scale. Finally, the book sheds light on how wastewater treatment facilities reduce stress on energy systems, decrease air and water pollution, build resiliency, and drive local economic activity.As a compliment to Volume 1: Biomass Waste Based Biorefineries, Clean Energy and Resource Recovery, Volume 2: Wastewater Treatment Plants as Bio-refineries is a comprehensive reference on all aspects of energy and resource recovery from wastewater. The book is going to be a handy reference tool for energy researchers, environmental scientists, and civil, chemical, and municipal engineers interested in waste-to-energy. Offers a comprehensive overview of the fundamental treatments and methods used in the recovery of energy and value-added products from wastewater Identifies solutions to key problems related to wastewater to energy/resource recovery through conventional and advanced technologies and explore the alternatives Provides step-by-step guidance on procedures and calculations from practical field data Includes successful case studies from both developing and developed countries