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| Author | : Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. Research Division |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 3 |
| Release | : 1997 |
| Genre | : Dwellings |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 1996 |
| Genre | : Architecture and energy conservation |
| ISBN | : |
Energy performance contracting (EPC) allows private firms to enter into arrangements with property owners to reduce the energy consumption of their buildings through customized energy-efficiency upgrades. Energy service companies (ESCo's) provide a range of services including audits, financing, installation and maintenance and are repaid based on the client's energy savings. Operating costs can be reduced and energy efficiency improved with no up-front costs and limited risks to the facility owner. Despite the success of EPC in non-residential markets, virtually no applications in the housing sector have been achieved in Canada. To date, ESCo's have focused almost exclusively on commercial, office and institutional buildings such as hospitals and schools. ESCo's have targeted these types of projects because they are sufficiently large scale, have simplified approval processes, and are easy to replicate. The residential market has been viewed as high risk, diffuse and difficult to manage. The objective of CMHC's study was to determine if the EPC industry could successfully enter the residential market. This study included an industry survey of Canadian ESCo's to determine their level in entering Canada's residential sector. ESCo's identified highrise apartments and highrise and medium-rise social housing as the market segments with greatest potential. These segments offer larger investment returns and greater control of day-to-day energy use in buildings. ESCo's also identified the barriers to EPC entry in the residential sector and possible responses to overcoming these barriers. ESCo initiatives to minimize risk include: targeting priority markets, such as highrise rental apartments and social housing, using energy management measures that are proven and offer reasonably fast pay-backs; and customizing contract structures and services to meet specific residential needs. The study concluded by recommending that further research be conducted. The study also recommended that governments, utilities, ESCo's and the financial and insurance sectors develop a strategy to facilitate EPC entry into the residential sector. The strategy would focus on increasing market access and reducing the risk to a level comparable to other EPC market sectors. It would also target high priority markets (highrise rental apartments and medium-rise and highrise social housing) and build on the success of existing services, financing packages and promotional techniques. If possible, it would include a demonstration project that would showcase innovating approaches, such as financing arrangements, risk management techniques and energy management measures.
| Author | : Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. Technical Policy and Research Division |
| Publisher | : CMHC |
| Total Pages | : 232 |
| Release | : 1997 |
| Genre | : Apartment houses |
| ISBN | : |
Energy Performance Contracting, EPC, is a unique business arrangement under which an Energy Service Company, ESCO, provides a turnkey service to finance building renewal projects from utility and operating cost savings. The ESCO provides energy analysis, engineering, construction, financing, operator training and building maintenance services to design and implement energy efficiency projects in existing building facilities. In Canada, ESCOs have completed approximately $1 billion of projects since the early 1980s. The majority of projects have been in the institutional markets where energy use is relatively high, building ownership is stable, and third party lenders enjoy low credit risk customers. A federal government sponsored survey of the EPC industry for 1994 reveals that of the approximately $200 million of projects initiated in that year, rental apartments and condominiums accounted for only 2.4% or $4.8 million of project value. This substantiates the general observation that EPC has yet to be fully exploited in the multi-unit residential sector. The purpose of this project is to validate the effectiveness of EPC in the multi-unit residential sector. Five areas have been addressed: case studies of actual projects; best practices for procurement through to project financing; the U.S. experience; a review of current legislation; and policy and program recommendations. Twenty case studies of the application of EPC or EPC related projects have been documented. They indicate a growing interest by certain ESCOs in this relatively untapped market, describe the scope of measures typically implemented, financial arrangements entered into and the magnitude of the cost savings that have been achieved. Best practices and guidelines have been developed for building owners and operators for procurement, selection of energy efficiency measures, training, documentation, project financing, maintenance and utility analyses and monitoring. Sample procurement and contractual documents have been provided.
| Author | : Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation |
| Publisher | : CMHC |
| Total Pages | : 4 |
| Release | : 1997 |
| Genre | : Dwellings |
| ISBN | : |
Energy performance contracting (EPC) allows private firms to enter into arrangements with property owners to reduce the energy consumption of their buildings through customized energy-efficiency upgrades. Energy service companies (ESCo's) provide a range of services including audits, financing, installation and maintenance and are repaid based on the client's energy savings. Operating costs can be reduced and energy efficiency improved with no up-front costs and limited risks to the facility owner. Despite the success of EPC in non-residential markets, virtually no applications in the housing sector have been achieved in Canada. To date, ESCo's have focused almost exclusively on commercial, office and institutional buildings such as hospitals and schools. ESCo's have targeted these types of projects because they are sufficiently large scale, have simplified approval processes, and are easy to replicate. The residential market has been viewed as high risk, diffuse and difficult to manage. The objective of CMHC's study was to determine if the EPC industry could successfully enter the residential market. This study included an industry survey of Canadian ESCo's to determine their level in entering Canada's residential sector. ESCo's identified highrise apartments and highrise and medium-rise social housing as the market segments with greatest potential. These segments offer larger investment returns and greater control of day-to-day energy use in buildings. ESCo's also identified the barriers to EPC entry in the residential sector and possible responses to overcoming these barriers. ESCo initiatives to minimize risk include: targeting priority markets, such as highrise rental apartments and social housing, using energy management measures that are proven and offer reasonably fast pay-backs; and customizing contract structures and services to meet specific residential needs. The study concluded by recommending that further research be conducted. The study also recommended that governments, utilities, ESCo's and the financial and insurance sectors develop a strategy to facilitate EPC entry into the residential sector. The strategy would focus on increasing market access and reducing the risk to a level comparable to other EPC market sectors. It would also target high priority markets (highrise rental apartments and medium-rise and highrise social housing) and build on the success of existing services, financing packages and promotional techniques. If possible, it would include a demonstration project that would showcase innovating approaches, such as financing arrangements, risk management techniques and energy management measures.
| Author | : Ching-Ha Lo |
| Publisher | : Open Dissertation Press |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2017-01-26 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781361329191 |
This dissertation, "Energy Performance Contracting: an Option of Implementing Energy Efficiency Measures by Property Management in Residential Estates" by Ching-ha, Lo, 盧青霞, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Due to the growing concern on global warming, carbon emissions and environmental conservation and sustainability, energy consumption becomes the critical issue over the world. Energy performance contracting (EPC) is one of the options of implementing energy efficiency measures by property management in the residential estates. EPC is a financing technique based on the amount of energy saving through the project undertaken the risk by energy service companies (ESCOs). EPC has been adopted in the western countries, such as Europe and US, for a long time. Nevertheless, the take up rate in Hong Kong remains low. In 2001, Davies and Chan have conducted a study regarding the experience of EPC in Hong Kong. After a decade, are there any changes of the perception for the building managers to implement EPC? With the study of the most important factors, benefits, barriers and keys to the success of implementing EPC, it evaluates and explores the implementation of EPC by property management at the residential sector in Hong Kong. Through the study, it develops practical information for promoting this financial option to housing managers for energy conservation. It can help to promote and facilitate the future uptake in Hong Kong in order to enhance cost and energy efficiency, as well as greenhouse gas emission reductions in the future. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5118543 Subjects: Residential real estate - China - Hong Kong - Management Residential real estate - Energy conservation - China - Hong Kong
| Author | : Feng Liu |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 228 |
| Release | : 2010-10-12 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 082138564X |
Urbanization and growing wealth in developing countries portend a large increase of demand for modern energy services in residential, commercial and public-service buildings in the coming decades. Pursuing energy efficiency in buildings is vital to energy security in developing countries and is identified by the Intergovernment Panel on Climate Change as having the greatest potential for cost-effective reduction of CO2 emissions by 2030 among all energy-consuming sectors. Building energy efficiency codes (BEECs), along with energy efficiency standards for major appliances and equipment, are broadly recognized as a necessary government intervention to overcome persistent market barriers to capturing the economic potential of energy efficiency gains in the residential, commercial and public-service sectors. Implementation of BEECs help prevent costly energy wastes over the lifecycles of buildings in space heating, air conditioning, lighting, and other energy service requirements. Nonetheless, achieving the full potential of energy savings afforded by more energy-efficient buildings requires holding people who live or work in buildings accountable for the cost of energy services. Compliance enforcement has been the biggest challenge to implementing BEECs. This report summarizes the findings of an extensive literature survey of the experiences of implementing BEECs in developed countries, as well as those from case studies of China, Egypt, India, and Mexico. It also serves as a primer on the basic features and contents of BEECs and the commonly adopted compliance and enforcement approaches. This report highlights the key challenges to improving compliance enforcement in developing countries, including government commitment to energy efficiency, the effectiveness of government oversight of the construction sector, the compliance capacity of building supply chain, and financing constraints. The report notes that the process of transforming a country s building supply chain toward delivering increasingly more energy-efficient buildings takes time and requires persistent government intervention through uniformly enforced and regularly updated BEECs. The report recommends increased international support in strengthening the enforcement infrastructure for BEECs in middle-income developing countries. For low- and lower-middle-income countries, there is an urgent need to assist in improving the effectiveness of government oversight system for building construction, laying the foundation for the system to also cover BEECs.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 906 |
| Release | : 1993 |
| Genre | : Power resources |
| ISBN | : |
Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.
| Author | : Eric Martinot |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 166 |
| Release | : 1997-01-01 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 9780821340578 |
In the 1990s, the issue of human resource development in Malaysia has gained prominence in public and private policy circles. Discussions center around training policy, where there are concerns about acute labor shortages, and around industrial development policy, which strives to maintain a skilled and well-trained workforce to increase competitiveness and attract foreign direct investment. But policymakers have been forced to make critical decisions on resource allocation and to design policies without access to comprehensive training data, especially from the private sector. This usually results in supply-oriented policies stemming from mismatches between skills supplied by public training institutions and those actually needed by industry. This report attempts to fill this information gap on private sector training as an aid in formulating training policies that are more demand-driven. The report contains rigorous analysis of private sector-led training and addresses the issue of whether firms in Malaysia underinvest in training. Data came from the Malaysia Economic Planning Units 1994-95 survey and analysis of 2,200 manufacturing firms. The survey elicited information on firm-sponsored training and on a wide range of firm attributes, including size, industry, local or foreign ownership, equipment technology, quality control systems, markets and exports, workforce characteristics, wages and other compensation, and production. The data document, for the first time, the incidence and characteristics of training in Malaysian industry, across firms of different sizes, ownership, and output profiles. The data create an unprecedented opportunity to study the critical links between training, new technology, and quality control. A joint publication of the World Bank, the United Nations Development Programme, and the Malaysia Economic Planning Unit.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 256 |
| Release | : 1979 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Amory Lovins |
| Publisher | : Chelsea Green Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 4 |
| Release | : 2011-10-15 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1603583726 |
Imagine fuel without fear. No climate change. No oil spills, no dead coalminers, no dirty air, no devastated lands, no lost wildlife. No energy poverty. No oil-fed wars, tyrannies, or terrorists. No leaking nuclear wastes or spreading nuclear weapons. Nothing to run out. Nothing to cut off. Nothing to worry about. Just energy abundance, benign and affordable, for all, forever. That richer, fairer, cooler, safer world is possible, practical, even profitable-because saving and replacing fossil fuels now works better and costs no more than buying and burning them. Reinventing Fire shows how business-motivated by profit, supported by civil society, sped by smart policy-can get the US completely off oil and coal by 2050, and later beyond natural gas as well. Authored by a world leader on energy and innovation, the book maps a robust path for integrating real, here-and-now, comprehensive energy solutions in four industries-transportation, buildings, electricity, and manufacturing-melding radically efficient energy use with reliable, secure, renewable energy supplies.Popular in tone and rooted in applied hope, Reinventing Fire shows how smart businesses are creating a potent, global, market-driven, and explosively growing movement to defossilize fuels. It points readers to trillions in savings over the next 40 years, and trillions more in new business opportunities.Whether you care most about national security, or jobs and competitive advantage, or climate and environment, this major contribution by world leaders in energy innovation offers startling innovations will support your values, inspire your support, and transform your sense of possibility.Pragmatic citizens today are more interested in outcomes than motives. Reinventing Fire answers this trans-ideological call. Whether you care most about national security, or jobs and competitive advantage, or climate and environment, its startling innovations will support your values, inspire your support, and transform your sense of possibility.
