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| Author | : Bastian Niedrée |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2013 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : V. Vancura |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 499 |
| Release | : 2012-12-02 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0444600000 |
This volume is the first publication of its kind to provide a fully comprehensive and detailed approach to the survey of microbial associations in soil: their structure and function in relation to soil fertility and environment protection. The problems covered by this title are presented on various levels of the ecological system; from subcellular phenomena occurring in the microbial cell (genetic and enzyme regulation), to processes taking place in the flow of mass and energy in the agroecosystem. The aim of this monograph is to contribute to the understanding of the laws of formation and function of microbial associations in natural and agricultural soils, and to build a scientific basis for the control of soil biological processes. Using a contemporary approach to some fields of soil microbiology, the book highlights the possibility of utilizing certain microorganisms and microbial processes to increase soil fertility and protect the environment. These critically evaluated and selected results were obtained at the Institute of Microbiology and the Institute of Experimental Phytotechnics of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, in cooperation with the Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
| Author | : Ajar Nath Yadav |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 634 |
| Release | : 2021-06-28 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3030735079 |
This book encompasses current knowledge of soil microbiomes and their potential biotechnological application for plant growth, crop yield, and soil health under the natural as well as harsh environmental conditions for sustainable agriculture. The microbes are ubiquitous in nature. The soil is a natural hotspot of the soil microbiome. The soil microbiome plays a critical role in the maintenance of global nutrient balance and ecosystem functioning. The soil microbiomes are associated with plant ecosystems through the intense network of plant–microbe interactions. The microbes present in bulk soil move toward the rhizospheric region due to the release of different nutrients by plant systems. The rhizospheric microbes may survive or proliferate in rhizospheric zone depending on the extent of influences of the chemicals secreted into the soil by roots. The root exudates contain the principal nutrients factors (amino acids, glucose, fructose, and sucrose). The microbes present in rhizospheric region have capabilities to fix atmospheric nitrogen, produce different phytohormones, and solubilize phosphorus, potassium, and zinc. The plant systems take these nutrients for their growth and developments. These soil and plant associated microbes also play an important role in protection of plants from different plant pathogenic organisms by producing different secondary metabolites such as ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, siderophores, and hydrolytic enzymes. The soil microbiomes with plant growth-promoting (PGP) attributes have emerged as an important and promising tool for sustainable agriculture. The soil microbiomes promote the plant growth and enhance the crop yield and soil fertility via directly or indirectly different plant growth-promoting mechanism. The soil microbes help the plant for adaptation in extreme habitats by mitigating the abiotic stress of high/low temperatures, hypersalinity, drought, and acidic/alkaline soil. These PGP microbes are used as biofertilizers/bioinoculants to replace the harmful chemical fertilizers for sustainable agriculture and environments. The aim of the book “Soil Microbiomes for Sustainable Agriculture” is to provide the recent advances in mechanisms of plant growth promotion and applications of soil microbiomes for mitigation of different abiotic stresses in plants. The book is useful to scientists, researchers, and students related to microbiology, biotechnology, agriculture, molecular biology, environmental biology, and related subjects.
| Author | : Jennifer Lynn Macalady |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 124 |
| Release | : 1998 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : P. M. Huang |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 472 |
| Release | : 1995-03-29 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9780873719148 |
This book addresses the interactions of soil minerals with organics and microbes and their impacts on the dynamics, transformations, and toxicity of metals, metalloids, other inorganics, and xenobiotics that affect land quality and ecosystem health. It is the result of the work group on "interactions of soil minerals with organic components and microorganisms" in the International Society of Soil Science.
| Author | : G. Dar Hassan |
| Publisher | : Nipa |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2023-07-29 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9788119254927 |
The book soil microbiology and biochemistry written in a comprehensive lucid manner, deals the issues concerned to the soil fertility, soil health, plant growth and soil biotechnology in relation to microbial activities. Special attention has been paid to the ecology, biochemistry and functioning of soil micro-organisms and their interactions. Thus, in a broad sense, the book shall prove useful tool to the students and teachers of microbiology and may also serve as an invaluable resource for students and teachers in soil science, soil ecology, biogeochemistry, environmental sciences, botany biochemistry, sustainable agriculture and resource management, both at under graduate and post graduate levels. This book has sixteen s with glossary of the terms often used in soil microbiology. The comprehensive introduction to soil microbiology and the rapid advances made in both fundamental knowledge and potential applications of soil microbiology e.g. history, ecology, habitats, diversification and functions of soil organisms, soil health and applied environmental topics is given in 1 to 3. The overview of the methods employed to study soil micro organisms is presented in 4. Microbial-mediated transformations of major nutrients (N, P, Fe, S, K, etc.) and other metals in soil are lucidly described in 5 to 9. The plant microbe interactions in soil, rhizosphere and phyllosphere is covered in 10 to 12 and these s provide comprehensive knowledge about mycorrhiza, plant growth promoting rhizosphere microorganisms, deleterious rhizosphere microorganisms, root pathogens besides enlightening the various types of soil microbial products of plant and Pesticide-microbe interactions also covers the effect on non-target microorganisms, pesticide persistence, accumulation and bio-magnification, co-metabolism, bioremediation, etc. A separate is devoted to the production and applications of biofertilizers and biopesticides. Organic waste recycling covers composting, vermin-compost, aquacultural reuse, land application, mushrooms and bio-energy production. The book keeps the learners abreast with the current trends and concepts in soil microbiology for easy comprehension. It also gives balanced coverage of fundamental and applied topics. Moreover, it introduces students to newly emerging field of soil biotechnology. The extensive glossary and index has been given at the end for easy study reference in understanding.
| Author | : Eldor Alvin Paul |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 298 |
| Release | : 1989 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : |
Soil Microbiology and Biochemsitry enconmpasses the broad spectrum of soil organisms and the dynamic processes carried on by them, including ecological relationships in the biota, the dynamics of the carbon and nitrogen cycles, and microbe-driven reactions involving sulfu, phosphorous, and metals. This reference source will prove invaluable to anyone involved in the study of agricultural and nonagricultural soils. This book provideda process-oriented approach on nutrient cycling and fundamental soil processes for students who are studying soil microbiology and biochemistryan up-to-date assessme ...
| Author | : Vlastimil Vančura |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 498 |
| Release | : 1988 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9780444415158 |
| Author | : Eldor Alvin Paul |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 340 |
| Release | : 1996 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9780125468060 |
This revised and updated text guides students through biochemical and microbial processes in soils and introduces them to microbial processes in water and sediments. This classic teaching text includes basic concepts and applications in agriculture, forestry, ecology, and environmental science. It can also be an invaluable resource for research in biogeochemistry, microbiology, sustainable agriculture, and environmental amelioration. The Second Edition has expanded to include such topics as bioremediation, molecular biology of soil, biodiversity of soil organisms, and the impact of global climate change on soil microhabitats. Key Features * Includes many interpretive diagrams * Provides compact and concise coverage of soil microbiology * Thoroughly updated and expanded to include bioremdiation, soil molecular biology, biodiversity, and global climate change
| Author | : Karin Nyberg |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 36 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Bacteria, Nitrifying |
| ISBN | : 9789157670694 |
The recirculation of biologically treated organic waste back to soil will help to promote sustainable agricultural development. However, although the use of such waste residues as fertilizers generally is beneficial for the soil ecosystem there is concern regarding their content of pollutants. In this thesis, the effects of biologically treated organic waste residues on the structure and function of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and total bacteria communities in agricultural soils were investigated using molecular fingerprinting methods in combination with potential activity measurements. The AOB perform the rate-limiting step in the nitrification process and are considered to be sensitive to environmental disturbances. Using AOB activity as an indicator, different organic waste residues were demonstrated to contain organic compounds that inhibit this group of organisms. Furthermore, it was possible to identify a correlation between the degree of inhibition of AOB activity and the concentration of phenols. However, in these studies no link between activity inhibition and shifts in community structure was seen. The possibility to link effects on bacterial activity to community structure was further studied by targeting the active AOB by BrdU incorporation. In this way, short-term effects of a pollutant (4-ethylphenol) on the active AOB community structure were identified, which could not be detected on the total community. Effects of different fertilization regimes on the structure and function of AOB became more evident when a long-term field study was investigated. A link between AOB community structure and metabolic function was detected in a soil subjected to different fertilization regimes for 50 years. In addition, a low AOB diversity was detected in soil treatments in which the total bacterial community also showed signs of stress. Thus, the decrease in AOB activity and diversity also indicated a stressed soil environment. In conclusion, this thesis has demonstrated that pollutants in biologically treated organic waste residues can have negative impacts on the structure and function of AOB communities in soil. However, potential risks must be compared with the benefits arising from the use of organic waste residues in agriculture.
