Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Effects Of Rumen Protected Fatty Acid Saturation On Milk Yield Intake Chewing Behavior And Ruminal Fermentation In Lactating Dairy Cows PDF full book. Access full book title Effects Of Rumen Protected Fatty Acid Saturation On Milk Yield Intake Chewing Behavior And Ruminal Fermentation In Lactating Dairy Cows.
| Author | : Kevin J. Harvatine |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 432 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : Dairy cattle |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Charles Karuku Gachuiri |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 464 |
| Release | : 1993 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Tamene Bayisa |
| Publisher | : GRIN Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 31 |
| Release | : 2018-03-13 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3668660549 |
Seminar paper from the year 2017 in the subject Veterinary medicine, Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, language: English, abstract: Objective of this review is focus on effect of feeding protected fat and protected protein on milk yield and its composition and how these nutrients are protected. Many researchers in this review investigate that the responses are highly dependent on the type of fat and protein supplement and the stage of lactation. A higher milk response was observed with saturated than with unsaturated fat supplements. Diet with added fat increase milk production compared with a control diet without added fat in cows. Feeding of bypass fat resulted in significant increase in milk yield and Fat Corrected Milk yield particularly in early lactation. The source of Protected fat are (origin (animal, plant, processed or whole oilseeds, calcium salts) and Cereal Grains such as corn, wheat, Barly, oil seeds, sun flower, cotton seed, soybeans and canola). The supplementation of protected protein in the diets of lactating animals increases the milk yield due to proportionate increase in the supply of amino acids to the host postruminally Milk yield in cows fed protected methionine for the whole experimental period was numerically higher than in cows of the other groups. However, the difference was not statistically significant .At the centeral high land of Ethiopia the Treatment of shredded wheat and barley straw with urea, molasses, salt and water prior to feeding is a technology that should be considered . Cows with excessive body tissue mobilisation at this stage may take up to 20 weeks to regain a positive energy balance status. Key words milk yield, composition ,protected fat , protein protected
| Author | : Reilly Pierce |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2020 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Dietary fat is an important component on the diets of lactating dairy cattle. Concentration of dietary fat can be increase by feeding oilseeds or enriched fat supplements which allows cattle to partition energy differently which can lead to increases in milk fat concentration, milk fat yield, or milk yield. One common oilseed fed to dairy cattle is cottonseed, as it is high in fiber but also relatively high in fat compared to other common feedstuffs. Fat supplements are very high in fat (>95%) but are more expensive so dairy producers often strike a balance and may feed both fat supplements and oilseeds to dairy cattle. The first objective of this thesis was to investigate the effects of cottonseed on milk production in dairy cattle. Previous research feeding cottonseed fed inclusion rates of cottonseed in excess of 15% of dry matter intake (DMI), but cattle were producing less milk and consuming less so therefore, the actual mass of the cottonseed consumed may not be as high as contemporary dairy cattle. This thesis fed cottonseed at up to 9.9% of DMI and found that cottonseed inclusion into the diets of multiparous cattle did not affect milk yield or milk composition but led to a decrease in DMI indicating that it could be safely fed to mature cows. In primiparous cattle, cottonseed inclusion induced milk fat-depression, indicating that the level of unsaturated fatty acids in the diet was greater than the biohydrogenation potential of the ruminal microbes of these animals. The second part of this thesis was to examine the effects of increased concentrations of an unsaturated fatty acid (cis-9 C18:1; oleic acid) in a prilled fat supplement on the milk production and milk composition in dairy cows. Previous research suggests that oleic acid may increase digestibility of dietary fatty acids and consequently increase the amount of preformed fat for milk fat synthesis. This experiment indicated that fat supplementation in multiparous cows may decrease milk yield and DMI but was no effect of increased levels of oleic acid on other production components in dairy cattle. Further investigation of the data collected for each half of the thesis is required to determine the effects on the respective methods of fat supplementation on fatty acid digestibility in lactating dairy cattle.
| Author | : Fei Sun |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 175 |
| Release | : 2018 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
This thesis comprises three experiments that aimed to study effect of ruminal acidosis, dietary manipulation, and residual feed intake on methane (CH4) emission in lactation dairy cows. The first experiment investigated the impact of subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) challenge feeding on enteric CH4 emission from lactating dairy cows fed diets differing in forage level, thus to determine the potential of using enteric CH4 measurement as a non-invasive approach to identify cows with SARA. Results showed that daily mean ruminal pH was mostly affected by dry matter intake as well as concentrate feeding. However, weak negative correlation was found between ruminal pH and CH4 emission rate. Therefore, measuring CH4 emission from breath of the cows alone is not an effective, non-invasive SARA detection method. The second experiment evaluated the effects of readily rumen-available carbohydrate source (refined starch vs. dextrose) and its interaction with level of rumen degradable protein (RDP) on lactation performance, ruminal parameters, CH4 emission, nutrient digestibility, and N balance in lactating dairy cows. Results indicated that dietary treatments did not affect CH4 emission intensity (CH4 emission per unit of dry matter intake, or milk production), but daily CH4 emission was 7.0% lower for cows fed a diet of 28.1% starch and 4.6% water-soluble carbohydrate compared with diets of lower starch and higher water-soluble carbohydrate contents. Reducing the level of RDP from 11% to 9% in iso-nitrogenous diets resulted in more milk yield, had no effect on nutrient apparent total tract digestibility, manure excretion and composition, N balance, and CH4 emission. The third experiment studied if genotypic RFI was reliable to reflect feed conversion efficiency, and if differences in RFI may be explained in part by differences in CH4 emission, general behavior (including standing vs. laying down), feeding behavior (including meal frequency and pattern) and chewing behavior (including eating, chewing and rumination activity). These measurement were conducted for cows consuming dietary forage neutral detergent fiber (FNDF) content of 19.4 and 28.1% (diet DM basis). Results indicated that low-RFI cows tended to maintained higher feed efficiency regardless of dietary FNDF content. Most measured behavior responses were influenced by dietary FNDF content but none of them was influenced by cow RFI or dietary FNDF by cow RFI interaction. Results indicated that differences in RFI may not be explained by CH4 emission, feeding, or chewing behavior. Results from the experiments suggested that ruminal pH may have a lag effect on CH4 emission, cows fed a diet of 28.1% starch and 4.6% water-soluble carbohydrate emitted 7.0% less daily CH4 compared with cows fed diets of lower starch and higher water-soluble carbohydrate contents. Reducing the level of RDP from 11% to 9% in iso-nitrogenous diets had no effect on CH4 emission. In addition, difference in animal RFI did not result in difference in CH4 emission.
| Author | : John B. Penson |
| Publisher | : Pearson Higher Ed |
| Total Pages | : 433 |
| Release | : 2015-03-05 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 129207311X |
For courses in Introduction to Agricultural or Applied Economics Introduction to Agricultural Economics provides students with a systematic introduction to the basic economic concepts and issues impacting the U.S. food and fiber industry and offers strong coverage of macroeconomic theory and international trade. Teaching and Learning Experience: Strong coverage of macroeconomics, the role of government, and international agricultural trade: The coverage of macroeconomics and agricultural programs and policies allows students to further understand the domestic market economy. Building block approach: Discusses individual consumer and producer decision-making, market equilibrium and economic welfare conditions, government intervention in agriculture, macroeconomic policy, and international trade. Extensive chapter review: Each chapter contains an extensive list of questions designed to test student comprehension of the material covered. The full text downloaded to your computer With eBooks you can: search for key concepts, words and phrases make highlights and notes as you study share your notes with friends eBooks are downloaded to your computer and accessible either offline through the Bookshelf (available as a free download), available online and also via the iPad and Android apps. Upon purchase, you'll gain instant access to this eBook. Time limit The eBooks products do not have an expiry date. You will continue to access your digital ebook products whilst you have your Bookshelf installed.
| Author | : Christopher M. Dschaak |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 229 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Overall hypothesis in a series of lactation studies reported in this dissertation was that supplementing different rumen modifiers would have consistent responses on ruminal fermentation and lactational performance under optimal ruminal fermentative conditions. First experiment investigated the influence magnesium exchanged zeolite on ruminal fermentation and lactational performance. Intake of dry matter (DM), milk yield, milk fat concentration, and feed efficiency were not affected. Milk protein concentration tended (P = 0.15) to be higher for the zeolite total mixed ration (TMR). Ruminal pH tended to increase (P = 0.11) by feeding the sodium bicarbonate or the zeolite. A second lactation experiment determined the influence of quebracho condensed tannin extract (CTE) on ruminal fermentation and lactational performance. Supplementing CTE decreased intakes of DM and nutrients regardless of forage level thereby increasing feed efficiency. Milk yield and components were not affected. Milk urea N (MUN) and total VFA concentration decreased by supplementing CTE. Cows fed CTE had decreased ruminal ammonia-N and MUN concentrations, indicating that less ruminal N was lost as ammonia. A third lactation trial assessed whole safflower seeds (SS) on ruminal fermentation, lactational performance, and milk fatty acids. Feeding the Nutrasaff SS TMR (NSST) decreased intake of neutral detergent fiber. Digestibilities of nutrients, milk yield and components, ruminal pH, ruminal VFA, and ammonia-N were similar. Ruminal C16:0 fatty acid (FA) concentration increased with the cottonseed TMR (CST), while C18:1 cis-9 and C18:2 n-6 tended (P = 0.10 and P = 0.09, respectively) to increase with SS supplementation. Supplementing SS decreased milk C16:0 concentration, whereas it increased C18:1 cis-9 and C18:1 trans-9. Milk C18:1 trans-11 FA and cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid increased and tended (P = 0.07) to increase with feeding the NSST. Feeding zeolite would cost-effectively replace sodium bicarbonate as a ruminal buffer, whereas CTE may change the route of N excretion, having less excretion into urine, but more into feces. Whole SS can be an effective fat supplement to lactating dairy cows without negative impacts on lactational performance and milk FA. These studies demonstrate that the three rumen modifiers can positively manipulate ruminal fermentation.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Fat is added to diets of lactating dairy cattle as an affordable method of increasing the amount of energy available to the animals. Unsaturated fatty acids are desirable end-products of milk production. However, their presence in the rumen can be toxic to ruminal bacteria, which will then decrease digestion. Unsaturated fatty acids are biohydrogenated into saturated fatty acids by specific bacteria in the rumen, which will decrease positive benefits associated with their consumption. Our first study evaluates the efficiency of calcium salts VALFEED 100M and VALFEED 200 in protecting unsaturated fatty acids from biohydrogenation in the rumen and also observes the effects of these 'protected fats' on lactation performance. Twenty-eight Holstein cows in early lactation were divided equally into four different treatment groups: 1) Control (with no supplemental fat); 2) Prilled fat; 3) Calcium salt of VALFEED 100M; 4) Calcium salt of VALFEED 200. Fat supplements were added to diets in place of corn in the concentrate mix at 3.2% of total dry matter intake. Cows were housed in free stalls equipped with Calan gates. The cows were fed twice daily, at 0800 and 1500 in amounts to allow ad libitum consumption. Weekly feed samples were taken and dried in order to calculate daily dry matter intake. Milk production was measured daily, and milk fat and protein content were analyzed at days 30 and 90. Body weights were taken at the beginning (day 0) and the end (day 90) of the trial. Prilled and VALFEED 100M fat supplements decreased (P 0.05) dry matter intake. Body weights were higher (P
| Author | : William W. Christie |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 461 |
| Release | : 2014-05-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1483152723 |
Lipid Metabolism in Ruminant Animals is a nine-chapter book that first discusses the anatomy, physiology, and microbiology of the ruminant digestive tract. Subsequent chapters center on lipid metabolism in the rumen; digestion, absorption and transport of lipids in ruminant animals; the composition, structure and function of lipids in the tissues of ruminant animals; and the effects of diet and other factors on the lipid composition of ruminant tissues and milk. Other chapters focus on lipid metabolism in the mammary gland, adipose tissue, liver, and other selected tissues of ruminant animals.
| Author | : James W. Penfield |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 192 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
