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| Author | : David Stark |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 8 |
| Release | : 1973 |
| Genre | : Pavements, Concrete |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Donald R. Schwartz |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 50 |
| Release | : 1987 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : |
This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers, materials engineers, maintenance engineers, and others concerned with design, construction, and maintenance of portland cement concrete pavements. Information is presented on the causes of and potential means for minimizing D-cracking of concrete pavements. In certain areas of the country, the coarse aggregates used in concrete pavements are susceptible to disintegration from repeated freezing and thawing. This report of the Transportation Research Board describes the mechanisms of D-cracking, summarizes known materials-acceptance and design techniques that can minimize D-cracking of new pavements, and describes rehabilitation techniques for existing pavements.
| Author | : David Stark |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 108 |
| Release | : 1986 |
| Genre | : Aggregates (Building materials) |
| ISBN | : |
A two-phase program was undertaken to verify, under field conditions, that reducing maximum aggregate particle size can minimize or eliminate D-cracking. This study was carried out also to determine the role of other materials and environmental factors in D-cracking which are not amenable to laboratory study. One phase consisted of repeat pavement surveys of existing pavements to determine whether reducing maximum particle sizes has alleviated D-cracking. The other, primary, phase consisted of monitoring the performance of a test road near Vermilion, Ohio, using visual inspections and moisture measurements and examinations of concrete cores.
| Author | : L. Travis Chapin |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 168 |
| Release | : 2001 |
| Genre | : Pavements, Concrete |
| ISBN | : |
D-cracking has long been a serious problem in the deterioration of concrete pavements in severe weather climates. After much research, the mechanics and variables involved in the destructive forces of concrete D-cracking are becoming known. This study focuses on these variables that include analysis of the cost effectiveness in using certain preventive measures to reduce premature deterioration of concrete pavement due to D-cracking.
| Author | : Steven R. Thompson |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 114 |
| Release | : 1980 |
| Genre | : Pavements, Concrete |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Heather A. McLeod |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 187 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Premature deterioration of concrete pavement due to D-Cracking has been a problem in Kansas since the 1930s. Limestone is the major source of coarse aggregate in eastern Kansas where the majority of the concrete pavements are constructed. D-Cracking field performance was investigated to determine whether aggregate freeze-thaw durability specifications implemented in the 1980s have reduced materials-related failures to an acceptable level. The results indicate that the failure rate has decreased, but not to an acceptable level. Limestone source material appears to be the dominant parameter affecting D-Cracking, while other design parameters, such as base type, joint sealant type, joint spacing, and joint orientation do not appear to significantly affect the presence of D-Cracking. Subsidiary aggregate-related reaction mechanisms were observed at locations with surface D-Cracking likely due to the increased amount of water penetration. The subsidiary reactions generally do not appear to be present at locations away from the D-Cracking. Kansas Department of Transportation policies (any actions, requirements, or decisions) that affect the risk of D-Cracking were reviewed. Recommendations included implementation of field performance criteria for aggregate material sources, improvement and unification of quarry monitoring and sampling procedures, to perform life-cycle cost analyses for various aggregate materials in concrete, and future monitoring of quarry field performance.
| Author | : John E. Bukovatz |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 82 |
| Release | : 1981 |
| Genre | : Aggregates (Building materials) |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Mikael P. J. Olsen |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 70 |
| Release | : 1983 |
| Genre | : Pavements, Concrete |
| ISBN | : |
A study was conducted to determine the mechanisms involved in the Iowa Pore Index Test and investigate ways to modify and supplement the testing procedure to increase its accuracy and sensitivity. In the study a modified IPIT was developed which utilized chamber pressures up to 1379 kPa (200 psi). Instead of using the volume of water entering the aggregate cores over a specified time period the degree of saturation which occurred in the aggregates at various chamber pressures was used. Relationships between degree of saturation and chamber pressure were developed and found to provide a general index of the aggregate freeze-thaw durability properties.
| Author | : Lawrence J. Kaetzel |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 274 |
| Release | : 1991 |
| Genre | : Expert systems (Computer science) |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 172 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Pavements, Concrete |
| ISBN | : |
ODOT is continually searching for ways to improve the cost efficiency of Portland cement concrete without sacrificing concrete strength and stiffness. Because Portland cement is easily the most costly material used in normal concrete, limiting the amount of cement used is the quickest way to achieve cost effectiveness. In addition, limiting the cement content will also help to prevent dimensional instabilities in concrete such as shrinkage and creep. The use of larger sized coarse aggregates may be useful in limiting cement content, yet larger sized coarse aggregates may also decrease concrete strength by weakening the aggregate-cement paste bond. In many transportation structures, such as pavements, concrete strength is not critical, as dimensional stability, porosity, and durability play a more important role. It is possible, therefore, that larger sized coarse aggregates can reduce the cement content and improve these properties. Laboratory research is needed to determine if larger sized coarse aggregates can improve cement efficiency without reducing concrete strength.
