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Economic Thought in Communist and Post-Communist Europe

Economic Thought in Communist and Post-Communist Europe
Author: Hans-Jurgen Wagener
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 400
Release: 2002-09-26
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1134681836

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It is now almost a decade since central and east Europe saw the demise of the Soviet-style economic planning which accompanied more ot less authoritarian political rule by communist parties. The economic thought, based on Marxist philosophy, which formed theoretical underpinning of centrally planned socialist economies, was peculiar to the region, and was radically different from mainstream western thought. Written by leading east European scholars, this volume provides a comprehensive and authoritative resource: a wide-ranging overview of fifty years of economic thinking under communist rule in Europe and during the first phase of post-communist transformation. It also provides an analytical assessment of the impact of economic science on the reform and transition process. The book includes six country-specific studies, for Russia, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Eastern Germany and Yugoslavi. Each one surveys the relevant literature and its interaction with the development of the socialist and post-socialist economic system in the period 1945-1996. The studies show that, despite Soviet dominance and the shared Marxist paradigm, development of economic thought was not uniform, a finding which supports the hypothesis formulated in the introductory chapter that differences in system critique and reform thinking can explain later differences in transformational performance. Laszalo Csaba, Budapest University of Economics, Hungary; Vladimir Gligorov, Vienna Institute for Comparative Economic Studies, Austria; Jiri Havel, Prague High School of Economic


Soviet Economic Thought and Political Power in the USSR

Soviet Economic Thought and Political Power in the USSR
Author: Aron Katsenelinboigen
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 228
Release: 2013-10-22
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1483154688

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Soviet Economic Thought and Political Power in the USSR examines the evolution of economic theory in the Soviet Union from uniformity under Josef Stalin to diversity in the post-Stalin period. The reasons for uniformity and diversity in Soviet economics are analyzed, along with the structure of this diversity, the paradoxes in its development, and the conditions under which it will continue. The connection between leaders of Soviet economics and the Communist Party rulers is also discussed. Emphasis is placed on one of the principal trends in Soviet economics in the post-Stalin period: mathematical economics. This book is comprised of six chapters and begins with a discussion on the development of the economic-mathematical trend in the USSR. The social environment in the Soviet Union is examined in macro terms, along with the role of various mutations among the economists and the institutionalization of such mutations, especially in the framework of the existing research institutes and universities. The book also considers the attitudes of various factions of economists such as reactionaries, conservatives, and modernizers toward the question of the limitation of the leaders' power and toward some areas of economics, such as problems of mathematical modeling and institutional economics, and toward the Marxist ideology. The final chapter highlights the confusing struggle among the various trends in Soviet economics and the ways in which this struggle is supported by the country's political leaders. This monograph will be of interest to economists, political scientists, politicians, and economic policymakers.


Theorizing Transition

Theorizing Transition
Author: John Pickles
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 519
Release: 2005-08-31
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 113471565X

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Examining transformations using a variety of perspectives Theorizing Transition provides both a rich empirical map of the dimensions of post-Communism and raises important theoretical issues about how we interpret these changes.


Philosophy in Post-Communist Europe

Philosophy in Post-Communist Europe
Author:
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 172
Release: 2022-08-22
Genre: History
ISBN: 9004493913

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This book explores the richness of contemporary philosophical reflection in Eastern and Central Europe. Philosophers from Poland, Russia, the Czech Republic, and the United States discuss the status of democracy, nationalism, language, economics, education, women, and philosophy itself in the aftermath of communism. Fresh ideas are combined with renewed traditions as poignant problems are confronted.


Catching Up and Falling Behind

Catching Up and Falling Behind
Author: David A. Dyker
Publisher: Imperial College Press
Total Pages: 388
Release: 2004
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1860945996

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In this collection of essays David A Dyker explores some of the mostdifficult and fascinating aspects of the process of transition fromautocratic real socialism to a capitalism that is sometimesdemocratic, sometimes authoritarian. The stress is on the economicdimension of transformation, but the author sets the economic dramafirmly within a political economy framework and a historicalperspective. Trends in key economic variables are analysed against thebackground of the struggle between different social and politicalgroups for power and command over resources. While the book pays dueattention to topical issues like EU enlargement, the underlyingperspective is a long-term one. Transition is viewed not as a set ofonce-and-for-all institutional changes or a process of short-termstabilisation, but as a historic opportunity to solve the inheritedproblem of poverty and underdevelopment in Central-East Europe and theformer Soviet Union. The book ends with a critical assessment of howeconomics, as a discipline, has coped with the challenge of thathistoric opportunity.


The Anatomy of Post-Communist Regimes

The Anatomy of Post-Communist Regimes
Author: Bálint Magyar
Publisher: Central European University Press
Total Pages: 834
Release: 2021-02-20
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9633863708

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Offering a single, coherent framework of the political, economic, and social phenomena that characterize post-communist regimes, this is the most comprehensive work on the subject to date. Focusing on Central Europe, the post-Soviet countries and China, the study provides a systematic mapping of possible post-communist trajectories. At exploring the structural foundations of post-communist regime development, the work discusses the types of state, with an emphasis on informality and patronalism; the variety of actors in the political, economic, and communal spheres; the ways autocrats neutralize media, elections, etc. The analysis embraces the color revolutions of civil resistance (as in Georgia and in Ukraine) and the defensive mechanisms of democracy and autocracy; the evolution of corruption and the workings of “relational economy”; an analysis of China as “market-exploiting dictatorship”; the sociology of “clientage society”; and the instrumental use of ideology, with an emphasis on populism. Beyond a cataloguing of phenomena—actors, institutions, and dynamics of post-communist democracies, autocracies, and dictatorships—Magyar and Madlovics also conceptualize everything as building blocks to a larger, coherent structure: a new language for post-communist regimes. While being the most definitive book on the topic, the book is nevertheless written in an accessible style suitable for both beginners who wish to understand the logic of post-communism and scholars who are interested in original contributions to comparative regime theory. The book is equipped with QR codes that link to www.postcommunistregimes.com, which contains interactive, 3D supplementary material for teaching.


Business Leaders and New Varieties of Capitalism in Post-Communist Europe

Business Leaders and New Varieties of Capitalism in Post-Communist Europe
Author: Katharina Bluhm
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 301
Release: 2013-09-23
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1136023445

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Business leaders exert extraordinary influence on institution building in market economies but they think and act within institutional settings. This book combines both an elite approach with a varieties-of-capitalism approach. Comparing Poland, Hungary and East and West Germany, we perceive the transformations in East Central Europe and in Germany after 1989 as being intertwined. Based on a joint survey, this book seeks to measure the level of the convergence of ideas among European business leaders, assuming it to be more extensive than the institutional convergence expected under the dominance of neoliberal discourse. Analyzing the institutional framework, organizational features like size, ownership and labour relations, and subjective characteristics like age, social origin, career patterns and attitudes of the recent business elites, we found significant differences between countries and the types of organization. The growing importance of economic degrees and internationalization shows astonishingly little explanatory power on the views of business leaders. The idea of a coordinated market economy is still relatively widespread among Germans, while their Hungarian and Polish counterparts are more likely to display a minimalist view of corporate responsibility to society and adverse attitudes towards employee representation. However, their attitudes frequently tend to be inconsistent, which mirrors the mixed type of capitalism in East Central Europe.


The Transformation of the Communist Economies

The Transformation of the Communist Economies
Author: Ha-Joon Chang
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 447
Release: 2016-07-27
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 134923916X

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The mainstream view of the way in which best to transform the communist economies was that there should be a rapid transition to a free market economy and political democracy. The articles in this book challenge this view. They do so from the standpoint of economic and political theory, and from an evaluation of the comparative experience of different reforming countries in Europe and Asia. This book represents the first systematic attempt to try to explain the dramatic contrast in outcome between reforming countries that have pursued comprehensive system reform and those that have pursued cautious, experimental strategies.


Rationality, Nationalism and Post-Communist Market Transformations

Rationality, Nationalism and Post-Communist Market Transformations
Author: Andrew Savchenko
Publisher: Ashgate Publishing
Total Pages: 176
Release: 2000
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

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A comparative analysis of market transformation in Poland, Belarus, and the Baltic States, with particular attention to cross-national variations in speed and direction of post-Communist economic reforms. Andrew Savchenko focuses on historical and cultural conditions of post-Communist economic transition and their influence on economic policy formation.


Reform and Transformation in Eastern Europe

Reform and Transformation in Eastern Europe
Author: János Mátyás Kovács
Publisher: Psychology Press
Total Pages: 345
Release: 1992
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780415066303

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Can the economies of Eastern Europe make the dramatic transition from centrally planned to market-led economies? This is one of the most important and topical issues to arise from the events of 1989-90. Prior to the failure of communism in the Eastern Bloc, reform-minded economists had experimented with the concepts of 'market socialism' which presented no real challenge to the basics of the Soviet-type system. However, those same economists are now formulating radical proposals for de-regulation, privatization and political democratization. Reform and Transformation in Eastern Europe tries to understand the intellectual background that changed these 'reformers' into 'transformers' and examines the problems of managing this dramatic transition. It demonstrates the rediscovery of economic liberalism in Eastern Europe and provides a fresh look at economics in this area. The book is also theoretically important. 'Reform economics' is treated as a legitimate scientific problem in the history of economic thought, rather than an obscure ideological corollary of practical reform making, as it is usually considered. The contributors include some of the most distinguished economists and policy makers in Europe. The book examines its subject from three perspectives--Western liberal economics (the likely future); Stalinism (the past); and the prospects for successful transition. Reform and Transformation in Eastern Europe offers a distinctive insight into one of the major issues facing the new governments of Eastern Europe.