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Earnings Volatility, Cash Flow Volatility and Informed Trading

Earnings Volatility, Cash Flow Volatility and Informed Trading
Author: Sudarshan Jayaraman
Publisher:
Total Pages: 60
Release: 2008
Genre:
ISBN:

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I examine whether earnings that are smoother or more volatile than cash flows provide or garble information. Consistent with theories that predict more informed trading when public information is less informative, I find that bid-ask spreads and the probability of informed trading are higher both when earnings are smoother than cash flows and also when earnings are more volatile than cash flows. Additional tests suggest that managers' discretionary choices that lead to smoother or more volatile earnings than cash flows garble information, on average. However, I find that informed trading is attenuated in settings in which theory suggests that discretionary smoothing or volatizing of earnings is likely to be informative.


Earnings Quality

Earnings Quality
Author: Jennifer Francis
Publisher: Now Publishers Inc
Total Pages: 97
Release: 2008
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1601981147

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This review lays out a research perspective on earnings quality. We provide an overview of alternative definitions and measures of earnings quality and a discussion of research design choices encountered in earnings quality research. Throughout, we focus on a capital markets setting, as opposed, for example, to a contracting or stewardship setting. Our reason for this choice stems from the view that the capital market uses of accounting information are fundamental, in the sense of providing a basis for other uses, such as stewardship. Because resource allocations are ex ante decisions while contracting/stewardship assessments are ex post evaluations of outcomes, evidence on whether, how and to what degree earnings quality influences capital market resource allocation decisions is fundamental to understanding why and how accounting matters to investors and others, including those charged with stewardship responsibilities. Demonstrating a link between earnings quality and, for example, the costs of equity and debt capital implies a basic economic role in capital allocation decisions for accounting information; this role has only recently been documented in the accounting literature. We focus on how the precision of financial information in capturing one or more underlying valuation-relevant constructs affects the assessment and use of that information by capital market participants. We emphasize that the choice of constructs to be measured is typically contextual. Our main focus is on the precision of earnings, which we view as a summary indicator of the overall quality of financial reporting. Our intent in discussing research that evaluates the capital market effects of earnings quality is both to stimulate further research in this area and to encourage research on related topics, including, for example, the role of earnings quality in contracting and stewardship.


Options Trading (3 Books in 1)

Options Trading (3 Books in 1)
Author: Nathan Bell
Publisher: Youcanprint
Total Pages: 666
Release: 2021-08-25
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN:

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Have you been desiring to start trading different financial instruments like stocks and options but have been hesitant about it because you don't know where to start? And are you looking for a guide that will cover the A-Z in simple, step by step language that you can follow with ease and apply that information to profit from stocks and options trading, while keeping your exposure to risks low? If you've answered YES, keep reading… You Are About To Discover The Secrets That Successful Traders Don't Want To Share With The Unsuccessful Ones And How To Apply This Information To Profit From Stocks And Options Trading, Just Like The Pros! By virtue that you are reading this, it is clear you've across the concept of stock and options trading somewhere, got drawn to it and are curious to learn more about it so that you too can venture into trading stocks and options fully aware of how to go about it. It is also likely that you are scared of losing money as you begin this journey and are probably looking for answers to all the questions going through your mind… Where do you start as far as trading financial assets is concerned? What do you need to learn? How do you analyze the markets so as to make informed trading decisions? What are the dos and don'ts you need to be aware of? How do you mitigate your exposure to risks? Which broker should you use – what steps do you need to take to begin? If you have these and other related questions, this 3 in 1 book is for you so keep reading… In it, you will learn: • The basics of options, including what they are, how they work, their pricing, the categories and the lingo used in options trading • Why you should venture trading in options, including the risks that come with that • What makes a successful options trader • How to buy, sell or exercise options, including how to select the right options strategy • How to buy call or put options professionally • How to sell covered call options and naked call options like a pro • The ins and outs of options trading time frames • How to trade signals and avoid mistakes in options trading • How to choose the right trades • Powerful tips for success • How to find the perfect broker • How to figure out the market phases • The difference between call options and put options • How to manage your portfolio • How to make prudent trade exits • The options mistakes beginners make that you need to avoid • How the stock market works • How to know whether the stock market is for you • The myths about the stock market • How to become a successful stock market investor • How to make your first stock purchase • How to minimize losses and maximize gains • How to begin investing in stocks with $100 or less • How to turn your stock portfolio into a cash flow machine • How to trade momentum stocks • How to leverage the insider tricks that professional traders use • How to identify a stock that is just about to explode higher …And much, much more! Are you ready to get started on your journey to building a six-figure income by following the footsteps of the most successful traders, even if you are a complete beginner? This simple, practical and fun to read guide is here to guide you! Click Buy Now With 1-Click or Buy Now to get started!


Understanding Stock Price Volatility

Understanding Stock Price Volatility
Author: Gil Sadka
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2011
Genre:
ISBN:

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In an efficient capital market, asset prices vary when investors change their expectations about cash flows, discount rates, or both. Using dividends to measure cash flows, previous research shows that the aggregate dividend-price ratio varies due to changes in expected discount rates (returns) rather than expected cash flows. In contrast, using accounting earnings instead of dividends as a measure of cash flows, this paper shows that as much as 70% of the variation in the dividend-price ratio can be explained by changes in expected earnings. Moreover, the paper documents a significant negative correlation between expected returns and expected earnings, suggesting that variations in a common factor to both may generate significant price volatility. The results are consistent with the dividend-policy irrelevance hypothesis.


Earnings Volatility

Earnings Volatility
Author: Christopher Michael Handy
Publisher:
Total Pages: 137
Release: 2013
Genre:
ISBN:

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Earnings volatility-variability over time in a worker's earnings-is interesting for its potential welfare consequences and as a labor market outcome. In the presence of liquidity constraints, households may not be able to smooth consumption when faced with volatile earnings. And rising earnings volatility may indicate that workers are changing jobs more often or that implicit contracts governing compensation within jobs are smoothing pay less, to name two possibilities. This dissertation shows that earnings volatility has increased in the U.S., and assesses, for a specific concept and measure of volatility, the reasons for the increase. After an introduction, Chapter 2 introduces my preferred volatility measure, the volatility of residual earnings after estimating life cycle earnings profiles. Previous literature covers an array of concepts and measures of volatility. I outline differences among these approaches and argue that the primary motivation for studying volatility-potential welfare losses-has implications for the specification of the life cycle profiles and measures of earnings volatility. Chapter 3 describes the data I use, a sample of male heads of household from the PSID. In Chapter 4, I show that earnings volatility has increased in the U.S., and that about 70 percent of the increase is explained by volatility of wages rather than hours worked. I describe how earnings volatility differs across groups, and show that it has increased among almost all groups. Finally, I consider whether these findings depend on some measurement choices. All measures show increasing earnings volatility in the U.S., but the amount of the increase and comparisons of volatility across groups are often sensitive to methodological choices. Chapter 5 addresses why earnings volatility has increased in the U.S.I develop a decomposition approach to attribute changes in economy-wide volatility to various factors. I create a demand shock index that measures workers' predicted exposure to labor demand shocks, using national changes in the occupation-industry distribution of hours worked. My major finding is that larger or more frequent labor demand shocks explain about half of the increase in economy-wide earnings volatility between 1975 and 2005.


Advances in Quantitative Analysis of Finance and Accounting (New Series) Vol.16

Advances in Quantitative Analysis of Finance and Accounting (New Series) Vol.16
Author: Cheng F. Lee
Publisher: Center for PBBEFR & Ainosco Press
Total Pages:
Release: 2018-01-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9866286738

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Advances in Quantitative Analysis of Finance and Accounting (New Series) is an annual publication designed to disseminate developments in the quantitative analysis of finance and accounting. The publication is a forum for statistical and quantitative analyses of issues in finance and accounting as well as applications of quantitative methods to problems in financial management, financial accounting, and business management. The objective is to promote interaction between academic research in finance and accounting and applied research in the financial community and the accounting profession.