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| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 258 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : Arms control |
| ISBN | : 9780993491726 |
| Author | : Gary K. Bertsch |
| Publisher | : Duke University Press |
| Total Pages | : 374 |
| Release | : 1992 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780822311911 |
Like many cold war artifacts, the West's export control policies and institutions are being reevaluated after the tumult in the communist world at the end of the 1980s. Policymakers and scholars are being forced to reexamine the premises of export control policy and the very concept of export controls as a tool of national security and foreign policy. This volume brings together expert scholars and government officials who provide contrasting perspectives and address the prospects for export controls. The contributors discuss the role and function of export control policies from a variety of perspectives--security, commerce, diplomacy, the European region, and that of the newly industrialized countries. Among the topics covered are the problems the United States and the Western export regime will face in the 1990s in light of changing international political alliances and dependencies, in defining strategic exports, in enforcing export controls, and the role of the Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls. Contributors. Sumner Benson, Beverly Crawford, Richard t. Cupitt, Dorinda G. Dallmeyer, Paul Freedenberg, Martin J. Hillenbrand, Hanns-Dieter Jacobsen, Bruce W. Jentleson, Kevin J. Lasher, William J. Long, Janne Haaland Matlary, Jere W. Morehead, Henry R. Nau, Han S. Park, Kevin F. F. Quigley, Alen B. Sherr, Christine Westbrook
| Author | : United States. General Accounting Office |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 44 |
| Release | : 1991 |
| Genre | : Export controls |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : National Academy of Engineering |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 409 |
| Release | : 1991-02-01 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0309043921 |
Protecting U.S. security by controlling technology export has long been a major issue. But the threat of the Soviet sphere is rapidly being superseded by state-sponsored terrorism; nuclear, chemical, biological, and missile proliferation; and other critical security factors. This volume provides a policy outline and specific steps for an urgently needed revamping of U.S. and multilateral export controls. It presents the latest information on these and many other pressing issues: The successes and failures of U.S. export controls, including a look at U.S. laws, regulations, and export licensing; U.S. participation in international agencies; and the role of industry. The effects of export controls on industry. The growing threat of "proliferation" technologies. World events make this volume indispensable to policymakers, government security agencies, technology exporters, and faculty and students of international affairs.
| Author | : U.s. Government Accountability Office |
| Publisher | : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform |
| Total Pages | : 56 |
| Release | : 2017-08-02 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781974179787 |
" To protect its national security and commercial interests, the United States has implemented an export control system to limit sensitive technologies from falling into the wrong hands. The Department of State regulates U.S. defense exports and the Department of Commerce regulates dual-use exports that have commercial and military applications. Each agency uses a separate control list of items that may require a license to export. Agencies use compliance activities to prevent the diversion or misuse of exported items against U.S. interests or allies. Misuse can occur through illicit transshipment, the diversion of items from their origin through an intermediary country to an unauthorized destination. In 2010, the President announced reforms to the export control system. This review examines (1) agencies' compliance activities to address transshipment risk and (2) the extent to which U.S. agencies assessed the impact of export control reforms on the resource needs for compliance activities. GAO analyzed U.S. licensing data for 13 transshipment countries and visited Hong Kong, Singapore, and the United Arab Emirates. "
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 16 |
| Release | : 1998 |
| Genre | : Export controls |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Yann Aubin |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 427 |
| Release | : 2007 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 9789041126016 |
Export control laws and regulations are the legal framework for countries around the globe to ensure world peace and stability and their importance in international trade is growing. The reasons behind this growth lie in the evolution of technology, the fact that increasing amounts of goods/services are subject to controls (such goods/services representing a very large segment of world trade), and the increasing threat linked to terrorism. Consequently, export control laws and regulations have become extremely important for those involved in the international trade of goods/services with a direct or even indirect military use. Export control laws and regulations are complex, difficult to understand, and constantly evolving. Infringements can lead to very serious sanctions (civil, administrative, or criminal), and, not to be minimized, the risk of serious damage to the corporate image of one or more parties to a questionable transaction. Yann Aubin and Arnault Idiart are involved in such issues on a day-to-day basis in their respective capacities as lawyer and export compliance officer within the European Aeronautics Defence and Space Company (EADS). They have gathered contributions from expert practitioners (EADS and Thales as well as Hogan and Hartson LLP) and university scholars (Paris 11 Law School/Institute of Space and Telecommunications Law (IDEST) faculty and advanced students) to make the Export Control Handbook as useful as possible. The Export Control Handbook provides a practical examination of the export/import control regimes of defense and dual use goods and services of a number of selected jurisdictions around the world (China; European Union; France; Germany; India; Italy; Japan; Russian Federation; Spain; United Kingdom; United States). The Handbook contains a very useful appendix including, among other things, compliance procedures and standard country-specific application (or related) forms. The aim of each country-specific chapter of the Handbook is to provide actionable information designed to guide foreign entities wishing to undertake production in the jurisdiction (e.g., through a local subcontractor or a local subsidiary (which could be a joint venture) in order to subsequently export that product anywhere in the world. The Export Control Handbook is invaluable to any international trade professional (lawyer, compliance officer, etc.) or entity with a need to know the specific requirements to be followed in the jurisdiction in question for the efficient and legally compliant import or export of controlled military or dual-use goods or services.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 90 |
| Release | : 2015 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9789282382530 |
Although EU Regulation 428/2009 setting up a Community regime for the control of exports, transfer, brokering and transit of dual-use items system is in line with the main export control regimes and is seen as a model for others to follow, there are a number of ways in which the regulation could be enhanced and refined. Part One outlines the current state of play, purpose and implementation of the current regulation. In Part Two, against the backdrop of the European Commission's reform proposal, the effectiveness of the EU's dual-use export controls regime is explored further with regard to its potential contribution to international, national and human security, as well as their impact on EU economic and trade interests. The study concludes that the system's effectiveness could be improved in a number of ways, but that this requires an effort to mobilise political will at different levels and across different institutions within the EU and its Member States, and to enhance human resources, cooperation and capacity-building. The European Parliament should also give consideration on a regular basis to issues relating to the scope and implementation of the regulation, in order to ensure that the objectives continue to be achieved.
| Author | : Milan Remáč |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 12 |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : Arms transfers |
| ISBN | : |
The system of export controls requires its Member States to comply with general international obligations to counter the proliferation of nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons, and other items with potential military use. The same obligation is also applicable to 'dual-use items', i.e. items which can be used for civil and military purposes. The existing export control system of dual-use items requires an export authorisation if a dual-use item is exported from the EU to a non-EU country. Without an export authorisation, the dual-use items cannot leave EU customs territory. The list of dual-use items requiring this authorisation is included in Annex I of Regulation 428/2009. The regulation also establishes several rules and principles for export, transport, transfer of, and brokering of these items. Although the regulation is binding in its entirety, it gives several broad competences and discretion to the Member States, for example, with regard to sanctions or different types of authorisation. These competences, on the one hand, allow the Member States to implement the regulation in a way that reflects their legal traditions. On the other hand, however, these might influence the process of harmonisation of dual-use export controls negatively, and as a result, limit their effectiveness. In addition, the most recent technological developments such as 3-D printers, geopolitical changes in the world, a growth of international terrorism and connected security concerns, and a greater concern for human rights, may require an update of the existing European legislation. On several occasions, the European Parliament has called on the Commission to update the existing legislation to react to these challenges. Similarly, the Council and the European Economic and Social Committee noted the need to update the existing legislation. Finally, the European Commission itself expressed a willingness to come forward with a new legislative proposal that will update the existing system of export controls of dual-use items.--
| Author | : Andrea Viski |
| Publisher | : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform |
| Total Pages | : 114 |
| Release | : 2018-07-23 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781724615794 |
The Strategic Trade Review is a peer reviewed journal dedicated to strategic trade, export controls, and sanctions. The sixth Spring/Summer 2018 issue features articles on emerging technologies and export controls, cryptosanctions, export control practices in advanced countries, proliferation finance, defense exports, and capacity-building. It also includes a "Practitioners Perspectives" section. The Strategic Trade Review publishes articles from a global authorship. The Review is an essential resource for researchers, practitioners, students, policy-makers, and other stakeholders involved in trade and security.
