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The Dual-System Problem in Complex Conflicts

The Dual-System Problem in Complex Conflicts
Author: Melissa Gregg
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Total Pages: 162
Release: 2018-10-11
Genre:
ISBN: 9781727835229

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Despite decades of research and experience in for-eign conflicts and fragile environments, institutions in the United States and beyond are often unable to position themselves for success when called upon to intervene. This monograph contributes to the growing recognition that today's conflicts are best understood as complex systems, characterized by greater levels of fragility, uncertainty, and intractability than conflicts of previous decades. However, it does something even more important along the way. It encourages us to acknowledge that policy processes and institutions designed to address foreign conflicts are themselves complex systems. As a consequence, it is not just volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environments that are unpredictable; how our own policy decisions end up being implemented are also unpredictable. Decisions about policy and strategy are far from simple. They are inputs into a complex web of institutions, processes, incentives, and bureaucratic cultures that shape and reshape those decisions in ways that often end up quite different from their original intent. The Army is only one component of this complex system. The rest of the U.S. Government is likewise embedded in this complex system that includes other services, departments, agencies, and contractors. These, in turn, are part of a global system of alliances whose inner workings are complex as well. The authors describe this phenomenon as the "dual-system problem." A decision about how to inter-vene is fed into a complex policy system that turns the decision into a set of actions on the ground, which in turn are fed into a complex conflict system that turns those decisions into a set of outcomes. If the effects of a policy often seem disconnected from the motivations of the decision, it is because the recommended actions had to make their way through two complex systems-not exactly a recipe for success.No wonder lessons are not always institutionalized. Research on best practices and doctrine generally focus on the actions that took place on the ground, and many of the lessons discovered and recommended to decisionmakers end up getting rediscovered and recommended over and over, in some cases over decades. The authors encourage broadening the research and policy agenda to focus specifically on why our own institutions have so often failed to institutionalize lessons; in other words, to study our own systems as complex systems to find the sources of resistance. This is a bold, innovative, and important piece that needs to be taken seriously at all levels.


States of Fragility 2018

States of Fragility 2018
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Total Pages: 284
Release: 2018-07-17
Genre:
ISBN: 9264302077

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Three years into the 2030 Agenda it is already apparent that those living in fragile contexts are the furthest behind. Not all forms of fragility make it to the public’s eye: fragility is an intricate beast, sometimes exposed, often lurking underneath, but always holding progress back. Conflict ...


Public Administration in Conflict Affected Countries

Public Administration in Conflict Affected Countries
Author: Juraj Nemec
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 451
Release: 2021-09-08
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3030749665

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This book highlights the main factors determining the quality of public administration in conflict affected countries; and assesses to what extent the conflict determines and impacts on the performance of public administration in affected countries. The main value added by this book is confirming the general expectation that there is no direct and universal link between the conflict and public administration performance (and vice-versa). One may need to argue that each country situation differs and specific factors of internal and external environments determine the trends of public administration performance in conflict affected countries. To achieve the overarching goal of the book, sixteen country studies were developed from all relevant continents - America, Africa, Asia and Europe: Bangladesh, Colombia, Croatia, Egypt, Georgia, Iraq, Kosovo, Nigeria, Palestine, Paraguay, Philippines, Serbia, South Africa, Uganda, Ukraine, and Venezuela.


International Conference on Management and Engineering(CME 2014)

International Conference on Management and Engineering(CME 2014)
Author: Alex Kong
Publisher: DEStech Publications, Inc
Total Pages: 1908
Release: 2014-06-02
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1605951749

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The aim objective of CME 2014 is to provide a platform for researchers, engineers, academicians as well as industrial professionals from all over the world to present their research results and development activities in Information Management, Innovation Management, Project Management and Engineering. This conference provides opportunities for the delegates to exchange new ideas and application experiences face to face, to establish business or research relations and to find global partners for future collaboration. Submitted conference papers will be reviewed by technical committees of the Conference.


Critical Issues in Peace and Conflict Studies

Critical Issues in Peace and Conflict Studies
Author: Thomas Matyók
Publisher: Lexington Books
Total Pages: 447
Release: 2011-05-19
Genre: Education
ISBN: 0739149601

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Critical Issues in Peace and Conflict Studies: Theory, Practice, and Pedagogy, edited by Thomas Matyók, Jessica Senehi, and Sean Byrne, discusses critical issues in the emerging field of Peace and Conflict Studies, and suggests a framework for the future development of the fie...


China Economic Transition Research

China Economic Transition Research
Author: Renwei Zhao
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 239
Release: 2020-01-30
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1000754030

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China has experienced radical economic and societal change since the initiation of the reform process in 1978. These changes have greatly affected various aspects of people’s livelihoods and inspired scholars to reconsider the relationship between planning and the market in China. This book is a collection of fourteen papers by Zhao Renwei, the former director of the Institute of Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. First, the author discusses his views on the relationship between planning and the market in Chinese society before subsequently going on to examine the changes in economic systems of the intervening decades, using examples and economic models, and then drawing conclusions for policy. The book will appeal to students and scholars interested in China’s social and economic reform.


Fight Different

Fight Different
Author: Mark Szabo, PH D
Publisher: Szabo+partners Limited
Total Pages: 158
Release: 2020-11-07
Genre:
ISBN: 9781777423506

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We seem to be living in an extraordinary time of systemic conflict, but the fact is we always have been. Humans are a fractious species. This is part of what enables us to create, innovate, and turn what exists now into something even better suited to our needs, but it can also lead to enormous suffering. Fight Different is about leading strategically in the face of large, chaotic, multiparty conflicts outside your organization. The really big ones. The ones with dozens and dozens, perhaps hundreds, of conflicting people, groups, organizations, stakeholders, and the public. It's about knowing what to do next, and why to do it, in the middle of very chaotic situations. The larger purpose behind Fight Different is to take away complexity's power to make conflict that destroys and give us a shot at conflict that creates. In order to access these simple tools, we are going to have to spend a bit of effort learning a new approach to thinking about complexity. In many ways, human conflicts behave like other complex systems one finds in nature. Fight Different describes how to make use of the science behind complex natural systems to use nature's way of handling complex conflict. Most leaders are still trained to think linearly, but the world is chaotic. It's been said that nature doesn't build in straight lines, but we tend to think in straight lines. When our lines bump up against nature's curves, we inevitability get a reminder of who's in charge. We often end up ill-equipped for the realities of nature's complexity because we apply linear thinking to a world that won't straighten out for us. That's why we miss cues and nuances that would otherwise let us move forward and succeed. The skills we're taught around negotiations won't help us much. Negotiations are different from conflicts, especially the kind of complex conflicts we're talking about here. In fact, when we treat complex conflicts like a negotiation, we end up making them worse. Complex conflicts are a different animal altogether, and they need to be handled differently. My approach, which I call "Focal Thinking," is going to get you ready to handle a whole new level of complexity. Focal Thinking is about nuances and nudges and resiliently adapting to chaotic situations. It enables us to pay attention to just the right things at just the right time and avoid the distracting noise. It makes complicated situations work for us, not against us. It turns chaos into an ally and complexity into a welcome friend. It turns enemies into grudgingly respectful antagonists. It is fatal to stereotypes, partisanship, and muddled thinking. The goal here is to encourage and equip like-minded leaders who want to help society engage in big conflicts strategically, respectfully, and effectively. I'm going to show you how to harness the power of complexity science to make sense of complex conflicts, build practical strategies to turn them into creative forces, and stay resilient in the face of constant, inexorable change. I want you to win. I genuinely do. Your ability to grapple with the full range of complexity in a conflict, not just parts of it, will lead you to better solutions for everyone involved. This is going to lead humanity to better outcomes, one conflict at a time. You'll need to be aware up front, however, that this is not for everyone. Thinking this way may not make you popular all the time, because people tend to be comfortable with how they choose to make sense of the world. It might not make you popular, but it will definitely help you lead in challenging times.


International Conflict Resolution Using System Engineering (SWIIS)

International Conflict Resolution Using System Engineering (SWIIS)
Author: H. Chestnut
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 163
Release: 2014-07-04
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1483298272

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Finding an alternative to supplement military ways of resolving international conflicts has been taken up by many people skilled in various areas such as political science, economics, social studies, modelling and simulation, artificial intelligence and expert systems, military strategy and weaponry as well as private business and industry. The Workshop will therefore be of use as it looks at various control methods which would create a conciliatory social and political environment or climate for seeking and obtaining non-military solutions to international conflicts and to solutions to national conflicts which may lead to international conflicts.


Nonlinear Dynamics and Entropy of Complex Systems with Hidden and Self-excited Attractors

Nonlinear Dynamics and Entropy of Complex Systems with Hidden and Self-excited Attractors
Author: Christos Volos
Publisher: MDPI
Total Pages: 290
Release: 2019-05-03
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3038978981

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In recent years, entropy has been used as a measure of the degree of chaos in dynamical systems. Thus, it is important to study entropy in nonlinear systems. Moreover, there has been increasing interest in the last few years regarding the novel classification of nonlinear dynamical systems including two kinds of attractors: self-excited attractors and hidden attractors. The localization of self-excited attractors by applying a standard computational procedure is straightforward. In systems with hidden attractors, however, a specific computational procedure must be developed, since equilibrium points do not help in the localization of hidden attractors. Some examples of this kind of system are chaotic dynamical systems with no equilibrium points; with only stable equilibria, curves of equilibria, and surfaces of equilibria; and with non-hyperbolic equilibria. There is evidence that hidden attractors play a vital role in various fields ranging from phase-locked loops, oscillators, describing convective fluid motion, drilling systems, information theory, cryptography, and multilevel DC/DC converters. This Special Issue is a collection of the latest scientific trends on the advanced topics of dynamics, entropy, fractional order calculus, and applications in complex systems with self-excited attractors and hidden attractors.