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Author | : Mr.Alberto Behar |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 38 |
Release | : 2013-06-12 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1484345290 |
Download Does Public-Sector Employment Fully Crowd Out Private-Sector Employment? Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
We quantify the extent to which public-sector employment crowds out private-sector employment using specially assembled datasets for a large cross-section of developing and advanced countries, and discuss the implications for countries in the Middle East, North Africa, Caucasus and Central Asia. These countries simultaneously display high unemployment rates, low private-sector employment rates and high proportions of government-sector employment. Regressions of either private-sector employment rates or unemployment rates on two measures of public-sector employment point to full crowding out. This means that high rates of public employment, which incur substantial fiscal costs, have a large negative impact on private employment rates and do not reduce overall unemployment rates.
Author | : Alberto Behar |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2020 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Does Public-Sector Employment Fully Crowd Out Private-Sector Employment? Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Employment matters for development because it can raise household income, lower inequality, promote economic growth, and contribute to political stability. Many countries have high rates of public employment, but what effect does this have on overall employment and unemployment rates? This paper investigates if and to what extent public-sector employment crowds out (reduces) private-sector employment. In particular, we estimate regressions of unemployment or private-sector employment on two measures of public-sector employment. The study uses an especially assembled dataset, which is novel for its coverage of a large sample of developing countries as part of a panel of rich and poor countries. Our results point to full or just about full crowding-out for the entire sample. Unlike previous cross-country studies, which were restricted to advanced economies, we are able to show that these results also apply to developing countries, although crowding-out may not be quite as high as in advanced economies. The results mean that high rates of public employment have an offsetting large negative impact on private employment rates and do not reduce overall unemployment rates. With the qualifier that government activities may help the economy in other ways, our results imply that, rather than creating public-sector jobs, scarce fiscal resources could be better spent on other developmental needs.
Author | : Mr.Alberto Behar |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 38 |
Release | : 2013-06-12 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1484329414 |
Download Does Public-Sector Employment Fully Crowd Out Private-Sector Employment? Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
We quantify the extent to which public-sector employment crowds out private-sector employment using specially assembled datasets for a large cross-section of developing and advanced countries, and discuss the implications for countries in the Middle East, North Africa, Caucasus and Central Asia. These countries simultaneously display high unemployment rates, low private-sector employment rates and high proportions of government-sector employment. Regressions of either private-sector employment rates or unemployment rates on two measures of public-sector employment point to full crowding out. This means that high rates of public employment, which incur substantial fiscal costs, have a large negative impact on private employment rates and do not reduce overall unemployment rates.
Author | : Hans-Ulrich Derlien |
Publisher | : Edward Elgar Publishing |
Total Pages | : 311 |
Release | : 2009-01-01 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 184844494X |
Download The State at Work Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Representing the most extensive research on public employment, these two volumes explore the radical changes that have taken place in the configuration of national public services due to a general expansion of public employment that was followed by stagnation and decreases. Part-time employment and the involvement of women also increased as a component of the public sector and were linked to the most important growth areas such as the educational, health care and personal social services sectors. The two volumes that make up this study shed important insight on these changes. Volume 1 offers a unique internationally comparative multi-dimensional analysis of ten public service systems belonging to different families of major advanced western countries. It contains the most comprehensive and comparable quantitative analyses available anywhere of ten public service systems; Britain, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, the US, Germany, Spain, France, Denmark and Sweden. Volume 2 is a comprehensive analysis of the ten public service systems, with in-depth comparisons of the systems along eight dimensions including central-regional-local government employment proportions and the change of the services since the 1950s with respect to social composition (gender, minorities, elites, career groups). Scholars and professionals in the fields of public administration, politics and economics will find this two-volume compendium informative and practical.
Author | : Alan Gartner |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 264 |
Release | : 1973 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download Public Service Employment Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Phillipp O. Amour, Ph.D. |
Publisher | : Academica Press |
Total Pages | : 264 |
Release | : 2018-08-01 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 1680530704 |
Download Middle East Reloaded Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The Middle East is a center of ceaseless global attention. Since 2011, the long awaited and much celebrated Arab Spring uprisings portended a major shift in the politics of the Arab World. Notably, a number of Arab states witnessed institutional and constitutional shifts that put them on the path of transition to liberalization and democracy. Nevertheless, the Arab Spring followed a violent and unpredictable course. Although its events marked a break in the continuity of authoritarian dominance, most of its changes have not ultimately proved to be turning points in democratic development. The Arab Spring phenomenon witnessed a set of uprisings and even would-be-revolutions, but no great revolutionary change. Edited by Professor Philipp Amour of prestigious Sakarya University, this volume presents the work of numerous distinguished scholars, including many native to the region, who explore the fascinating variety of factors behind the rise and fall of the Arab Spring. As they establish, regional polarization and rivalries are the principal accompanying phenomena and side effects of the Arab Spring, and they will demand the world's attention for decades to come. Power dynamics between and among regional great powers have invited proactive, protracted, and very topical military and diplomatic involvement in domestic and regional politics. Some of these interventions will uphold the status quo, while others seem more likely to modify it for the powers' strategic advantage. Authored by leading world experts in Middle Eastern politics, this collection explores foreign and security policy of regional great powers such as Iran, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, and their roles in the construction of the new Middle East.
Author | : International Monetary Fund. Western Hemisphere Dept. |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 167 |
Release | : 2023-12-22 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : |
Download Costa Rica Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Costa Rica is reaping the benefits from the home-grown reform program that has been implemented since 2021 and enabled the country to restore confidence in its policy frameworks, withstand multiple external shocks, and push forward key reforms. Despite strong growth, inflation has fallen sharply. International reserves are on an upward path and public debt is falling.
Author | : OECD |
Publisher | : OECD Publishing |
Total Pages | : 155 |
Release | : 2022-11-17 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9264960848 |
Download OECD Economic Surveys: Luxembourg 2022 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Luxembourg recovered quickly from the COVID-19 pandemic thanks to extensive policy support. However, the impact of the war in Ukraine is exacerbating inflationary pressures, alongside labour market shortages.
Author | : M. Murray |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 295 |
Release | : 2013-01-07 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1137297999 |
Download The Job Guarantee Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This timely collection will be the first of its kind to focus on the practical application of the government job guarantee (JG) for both developed and developing economies. Global case studies include: United States, China, Ghana, Argentina, Ireland, Iceland, and India.
Author | : International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 85 |
Release | : 2015-10-15 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1513559559 |
Download Saudi Arabia Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This Selected Issues paper assesses the importance of oil and interest rate spillovers for Saudi Arabia. Oil prices have fallen by more than 40 percent since mid-2014 while the Federal Reserve is expected in the coming months to begin raising its policy rate at the beginning of a gradual tightening cycle. Given the importance of oil to the economy and the peg of the riyal to the U.S. dollar, these are two key developments for Saudi Arabia. Although a temporary drop in oil prices would likely have little effect on the economy and banks given the financial cushions that have been built-up, a longer-lasting period of low oil prices would have a more significant impact.