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Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer Architecture for Wireless Communication in 90 NM CMOS Technology

Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer Architecture for Wireless Communication in 90 NM CMOS Technology
Author: Tri Trong Nguyen
Publisher:
Total Pages: 92
Release: 2011
Genre: Radio frequency oscillators
ISBN:

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Software radio is one promising field that can meet the demands for low cost, low power, and high speed electronic devices for wireless communication. At the heart of software radio is a programmable oscillator called a Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS). DDS has the capabilities of rapid frequency hopping by digital software control while operating at very high frequencies and having sub-hertz resolution. Nevertheless, the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and the read-only-memory (ROM) look-up table, building blocks of the DDS, prevent the DDS to be used in wireless communication because they introduce errors and noises to the DDS and their performances deteriorate at high speed. The DAC and ROM are replaced in this thesis by analog active filters that convert the square wave output of the phase accumulator directly into a sine wave. The proposed architecture operates with a reference clock of 9.09 GHz and can be fully-integrated in 90 nm CMOS technology.


Direct Digital Synthesizers

Direct Digital Synthesizers
Author: Jouko Vankka
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 212
Release: 2013-04-17
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 147573395X

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A major advantage of a direct digital synthesizer is that its output frequency, phase and amplitude can be precisely and rapidly manipulated under digital processor control. This book was written to find possible applications for radio communication systems.


Wireless CMOS Frequency Synthesizer Design

Wireless CMOS Frequency Synthesizer Design
Author: J. Craninckx
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 265
Release: 2013-06-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1475728700

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The recent boom in the mobile telecommunication market has trapped the interest of almost all electronic and communication companies worldwide. New applications arise every day, more and more countries are covered by digital cellular systems and the competition between the several providers has caused prices to drop rapidly. The creation of this essentially new market would not have been possible without the ap pearance of smalI, low-power, high-performant and certainly low-cost mobile termi nals. The evolution in microelectronics has played a dominant role in this by creating digital signal processing (DSP) chips with more and more computing power and com bining the discrete components of the RF front-end on a few ICs. This work is situated in this last area, i. e. the study of the full integration of the RF transceiver on a single die. Furthermore, in order to be compatible with the digital processing technology, a standard CMOS process without tuning, trimming or post-processing steps must be used. This should flatten the road towards the ultimate goal: the single chip mobile phone. The local oscillator (LO) frequency synthesizer poses some major problems for integration and is the subject of this work. The first, and also the largest, part of this text discusses the design of the Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO). The general phase noise theory of LC-oscillators is pre sented, and the concept of effective resistance and capacitance is introduced to char acterize and compare the performance of different LC-tanks.


Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers

Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizers
Author: Venceslav F. Kroupa
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 402
Release: 1998-11-18
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0780334388

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With the advent of integrated circuits (IC), digital systems havebecome widely used in modern electronic devices, includingcommunications and measurement equipment. Direct Digital FrequencySynthesizers (DDS) are used in communications as transmitterexciters and local oscillators in receivers. The advantages aresuperior frequency stability, the same as that of the driving clockoscillator, and short switching times. The difficulties are loweroutput frequencies and rather large spurious signals. Compiled for practicing engineers who do not have theprerequisite of a specialist's knowledge in Direct DigitalFrequency Synthesizers (DDS), this collection of 40 importantreprinted papers and 9 never-before published contributionspresents a comprehensive introduction to DDS properties and a clearunderstanding of actual devices. The information in this volume canlead to easier computer simulations and improved designs. Featured topics include: * Discussion of principles and state of the art of wide-rangeDDS * Investigation of spurious signals in DDS * Combination of DDS with Phase Lock Loops (PLL) * Examination of phase and background 'noise' in DDS * Introduction to Digital to Analog Conversion (DAC) * Analysis of mathematics of quasiperiodic omission ofpulses DDFS can also serve as a textbook for students seeking essentialbackground theory.


All-Digital Frequency Synthesizer in Deep-Submicron CMOS

All-Digital Frequency Synthesizer in Deep-Submicron CMOS
Author: Robert Bogdan Staszewski
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 281
Release: 2006-09-22
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0470041943

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A new and innovative paradigm for RF frequency synthesis and wireless transmitter design Learn the techniques for designing and implementing an all-digital RF frequency synthesizer. In contrast to traditional RF techniques, this innovative book sets forth digitally intensive design techniques that lead the way to the development of low-cost, low-power, and highly integrated circuits for RF functions in deep submicron CMOS processes. Furthermore, the authors demonstrate how the architecture enables readers to integrate an RF front-end with the digital back-end onto a single silicon die using standard ASIC design flow. Taking a bottom-up approach that progressively builds skills and knowledge, the book begins with an introduction to basic concepts of frequency synthesis and then guides the reader through an all-digital RF frequency synthesizer design: Chapter 2 presents a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO), which is the foundation of a novel architecture, and introduces a time-domain model used for analysis and VHDL simulation Chapter 3 adds a hierarchical layer of arithmetic abstraction to the DCO that makes it easier to operate algorithmically Chapter 4 builds a phase correction mechanism around the DCO such that the system's frequency drift or wander performance matches that of the stable external frequency reference Chapter 5 presents an application of the all-digital RF synthesizer Chapter 6 describes the behavioral modeling and simulation methodology used in design The final chapter presents the implementation of a full transmitter and experimental results. The novel ideas presented here have been implemented and proven in two high-volume, commercial single-chip radios developed at Texas Instruments: Bluetooth and GSM. While the focus of the book is on RF frequency synthesizer design, the techniques can be applied to the design of other digitally assisted analog circuits as well. This book is a must-read for students and engineers who want to learn a new paradigm for RF frequency synthesis and wireless transmitter design using digitally intensive design techniques.


Digital Frequency Synthesis Demystified

Digital Frequency Synthesis Demystified
Author: Bar-Giora Goldberg
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 354
Release: 2000-02-20
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0080504299

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· In-depth coverage of modern digital implementations of frequency synthesis architectures· Numerous design examples drawn from actual engineering projectsDigital frequency synthesis is used in modern wireless and communications technologies such as radar, cellular telephony, satellite communications, electronic imaging, and spectroscopy. This is book is a comprehensive overview of digital frequency synthesis theory and applications, with a particular emphasis on the latest approaches using fractional-N phase-locked loop technology. In-depth coverage of modern digital implementations of frequency synthesis architectures Numerous design examples drawn from actual engineering projects


Design and Implementation of a 16-bit Flexible ROM-less Direct Digital Synthesizer in FPGA and CMOS 90nm Technology

Design and Implementation of a 16-bit Flexible ROM-less Direct Digital Synthesizer in FPGA and CMOS 90nm Technology
Author: Sunny Raj Dommaraju
Publisher:
Total Pages: 63
Release: 2013
Genre: Frequency synthesizers
ISBN:

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A ROM-less direct digital synthesizer architecture is presented in this thesis. This architecture eliminates the ROM-based phase to sine wave amplitude converter, which is a bottleneck for pushing clock frequencies into the gigahertz range. The design consists of a 16-bit phase accumulator, a set of 18 band pass finite impulse response filters, a 12-bit digital to analog converter and a low pass filter to produce a sine wave with output frequencies ranging from 36 MHz to 72 MHz with a resolution of 3.05 kHz and a 55 dB spur free dynamic range. The same hardware can be used to achieve output frequency ranging from hertz to gigahertz and a 191 Hz resolution by changing the clock frequency. A resolution of 0.05 Hz can be achieved by using a 32-bit phase accumulator. The average phase noise obtained was -87 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset, -118 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset and -151 dBc/Hz at 5 MHz offset. This design was implemented on Virtex-6 FPGA. The analysis results of FPGA data show that the proposed design is an effective alternative. An ASIC design was also implemented in CMOS 90nm technology to reach higher frequency ranges.


High-Speed and High-Performance Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer Design

High-Speed and High-Performance Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer Design
Author: Jun-an Zhang
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 150
Release: 2022-03-22
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9811672660

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The book focuses on design technology of high-speed and high-performance direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDS) chip. The technologies involves phase to amplitude converter design, D/A converter design, phase accumulator design, multi-chip synchronization circuit design, etc. In each chapter, the concept of the technology is explained first, and then the features of different implementation schemes are introduced through the real design cases. More over, a design case of a 2.5GHz monolithic DDS in 0.18 μm CMOS which was designed by the authors are introduced in detail, which can help the reader understanding about the of DDS design deeply. The book is suitable for the readers who are interested to learn practical design technology in DDS. The book can benefit researchers, engineers, and graduate students in fields of mix-signal IC design, communication engineering, electronics engineering, and radar engineering, etc.


Digital Synthesizers and Transmitters for Software Radio

Digital Synthesizers and Transmitters for Software Radio
Author: Jouko Vankka
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 374
Release: 2005-10-25
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1402031955

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The approach adopted in Digital Synthesizers and Transmitters for Software Radio will provide an understanding of key areas in the field of digital synthesizers and transmitters. It is easy to include different digital techniques in the digital synthesizers and transmitters by using digital signal processing methods, because the signal is in digital form. By programming the digital synthesizers and transmitters, adaptive channel bandwidths, modulation formats, frequency hopping and data rates are easily achieved. Techniques such as digital predistortion for power amplifier linearization, digital compensation methods for analog I/Q modulator nonlinearities and digital power control and ramping are presented in this book. The flexibility of the digital synthesizers and transmitters makes them ideal as signal generators for software radio. Software radios represent a major change in the design paradigm for radios in which a large portion of the functionality is implemented through programmable signal processing devices, giving the radio the ability to change its operating parameters to accommodate new features and capabilities. A software radio approach reduces the content of radio frequency (RF) and other analog components of traditional radios and emphasizes digital signal processing to enhance overall transmitter flexibility. Software radios are emerging in commercial and military infrastructure.


CMOS Single Chip Fast Frequency Hopping Synthesizers for Wireless Multi-Gigahertz Applications

CMOS Single Chip Fast Frequency Hopping Synthesizers for Wireless Multi-Gigahertz Applications
Author: Taoufik Bourdi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 215
Release: 2007-03-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1402059280

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In this book, the authors outline detailed design methodology for fast frequency hopping synthesizers for RF and wireless communications applications. There is great emphasis on fractional-N delta-sigma based phase locked loops from specifications, system analysis and architecture planning to circuit design and silicon implementation. The developed techniques in the book can help in designing very low noise, high speed fractional-N frequency synthesizers.