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Looking for Dilmun

Looking for Dilmun
Author: Geoffrey Bibby
Publisher: Stacey International Publishers
Total Pages: 276
Release: 1996
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9780905743905

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Dilmun features both in Mesopotamian myth, as a blessed land where death is unknown, and in the trade records of the Mesopotamian city of Ur as a real place, the source of Ur's copper supplies. The quest for the real Dilmun began in a relatively light-hearted way in 1953, when Geoffrey Bibby seized the opportunity to revisit Bahrain, in order to explore the thousands of undated burial mounds that decorate the Bahraini landscape. A brief season's digging was enough to establish the existence of a major civilization dating from around 2300 BC, contemporary with Ur and Babylon and showing evidence of trade with the Indus Valley civilization. Thus began a major undertaking, eventually encompassing more than 20 annual expeditions. These revealed the existence of cities and temples not only on Bahrain, but along 250 miles of coast and islands as far north as Kuwait and extending 60 miles into the interior of Saudi Arabia, as well as a second and earlier civilization some 300 miles east, in Oman, which Bibby identified with the legendary copper-rich land of Makan. And the final extraordinary revelation was the discovery in Saudi Arabia of pottery contemporary with the very earliest Stone Age settlements in Mesopotamia, c.5000 BC, extending the early history of the Gulf region back by over 1000 years and raising the possibility that Mesopotamia was first settled from Arabia.


Dilmun and Its Gulf Neighbours

Dilmun and Its Gulf Neighbours
Author: Harriet E. W. Crawford
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 192
Release: 1998-03-12
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780521586795

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A scholarly account of the archaeology of the Arabian Gulf from c.4500-1500 BC.


The Sumerians

The Sumerians
Author: Samuel Noah Kramer
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 390
Release: 1963
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780226452388

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The Sumerians, the pragmatic and gifted people who preceded the Semites in the land first known as Sumer and later as Babylonia, created what was probably the first high civilization in the history of man, spanning the fifth to the second millenniums B.C. This book is a compendium of what is known about them. The author outlines the history of the Sumerian civilization and describes their cities, religion, literature, education, scientific achievements, social structure, and psychology. Finally, he considers the legacy of Sumer to the ancient and modern world.


Paradise Interpreted

Paradise Interpreted
Author: Gerard P. Luttikhuizen
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 232
Release: 2024-01-08
Genre: Religion
ISBN: 9047427173

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This study on the representations of Paradise in the Hebrew Bible (Genesis 2-3 and Ezekiel 28) also deals with the reception of the biblical accounts in early Jewish writings (Enochic texts, the Book of Jubilees, Qumran texts) in Rabbinics and Kabbalah, early mainstream Christianity and in early Christian apocryphal and Gnostic literature. Two further chapters are devoted to views of Paradise in the Christian Middle Ages. The volume concludes with the interpretation of Paradise in John Milton's epic poem Paradise Lost.


The Archaeology of Seafaring in Ancient South Asia

The Archaeology of Seafaring in Ancient South Asia
Author: Himanshu Prabha Ray
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 356
Release: 2003-08-14
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780521011099

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Prior to European expansion, communities of the Indian subcontinent had a strong maritime orientation. In this new archaeological study, Himanshu Prabha Ray explores seafaring activity, religious travel and political economy in this ancient period. By using archaeological data from the Red Sea to the Indonesian archipelago, she reveals how the early history of peninsular South Asia is interconnected with that of its Asian and Mediterranean partners in the Indian Ocean Region. The book departs from traditional studies, focusing on the communities maritime history rather than agrarian expansion and the emergence of the state. Rather than being a prime mover in social, economic and religious change, the state is viewed as just one participant in a complex interplay of social actors, including merchants, guilds, boat-builders, sailors, pilgrims, religious clergy and craft-producers. A study that will be welcomed by students of Archaeology and Ancient History, particularly those interested in South Asian Studies.


In the World of Sumer

In the World of Sumer
Author: Samuel Noah Kramer
Publisher: Wayne State University Press
Total Pages: 260
Release: 1988
Genre: Biography & Autobiography
ISBN: 9780814321218

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Samuel Noah Kramer is the leading authority on the interpretation and reading of civilization's oldest literature. His life and life's work are so thoroughly intertwined that his autobiography is also the story of the recovery of the language and literature of the Sumerians. From young Talmudist to the patriarch of Sumerology, Kramer recountshis long and distinguished career. Writing for the non-specialist, he paints a panoramic view of Sumerian literature and provides thumbnail sketches of the individuals with whom he collaborated.


Flying Serpents and Dragons

Flying Serpents and Dragons
Author: R. A. Boulay
Publisher: Book Tree
Total Pages: 280
Release: 1999-07
Genre: Bible
ISBN: 9781885395382

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A highly original work that deals a shattering blow to all our preconceived notions about our past and human origins. Worldwide legends refer to giant flying lizards and dragons that came to this planet and founded the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia, Egypt, India and China. Who were these reptilian creatures? What was the real reason for mans creation? Why did Adam lose his chance at immortality in the Garden of Eden? Who were the Nefilim who descended from heaven and mated with human women? Why did the serpent take such a bad rap in history? Why didnt Adam and Eve wear clothes? What were the crystals or stones that the gods fought over? Why did the ancient Sumerians call their major gods USHUMGAL, which means literally great fiery, flying serpent? What were the boats of heaven in ancient Egypt and the sky chariots of the Bible? This book tells it all.


The Expository Times

The Expository Times
Author: James Hastings
Publisher:
Total Pages: 590
Release: 1907
Genre: Bible
ISBN:

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An Annotated Sumerian Dictionary

An Annotated Sumerian Dictionary
Author: Mark E. Cohen
Publisher: Penn State Press
Total Pages: 1580
Release: 2023-03-07
Genre: Foreign Language Study
ISBN: 1646022211

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Sumerian was the first language to be put into writing (ca. 3200–3100 BCE), and it is the language for which the cuneiform script was originally developed. Even after it was supplanted by Akkadian as the primary spoken language in ancient Mesopotamia, Sumerian continued to be used as a scholarly written language until the end of the first millennium BCE. This volume presents the first comprehensive English-language scholarly lexicon of Sumerian. This dictionary covers all the nuances of meaning for Sumerian terms found in historical inscriptions and literary, administrative, and lexical texts dating from about 2500 BCE to the first century BCE. The entries are organized by transcription and are accompanied by the transliteration and translation of passages in which the term occurs and, where relevant, a discussion of the word’s treatment in other publications. Main entries bring together all the parts of speech and compound forms for the Sumerian term and present each part of speech individually. All possible Akkadian equivalents and variant syllabic renderings are listed for lexical attestations of a word, and a meaningful sample of occurrences is given for literary and economic passages. Entries of homonyms with different orthographies and unrelated words with the same orthography are grouped together, each being assigned a unique identifier, and the dictionary treats the phoneme /dr/ as a separate consonant. Written by one of the foremost scholars in the field, An Annotated Sumerian Dictionary is an essential reference for Sumerologists and Assyriologists and a practical help to students of ancient cultures.


Bahrain Through The Ages - the Archaeology

Bahrain Through The Ages - the Archaeology
Author: Shaikha Haya Ali Al Khalifa
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 528
Release: 2012-11-12
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1136141782

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Introduction, Shoreline changes in Bahrain since the beginning of human Occupation, Variation in holocene land use patterns on the Bahrain Islands: construction of a land use model, The human biological history of the Early Bronze Age population in Bahrain, Dental anthropological investigations on Bahrain, India and Bahrain: A survey of culture interaction during the third and second millennia, The prehistory of the Gulf: recent finds, The Gulf in prehistory, Some aspects of Neolithic settlement in Bahrain and adjacent Regions, Early maritime cultures of the Arabian Gulf and the Indian Ocean. The origins of the Dilmun Civilization, The island on the edge of the world', Burial mounds near Ali excavated by the Danish Expedition, Dilmun - a trading entrepôt: evidence from historical and archaeological sources, Dilmun and Makkan during the third and early second millennia B.C, Death in Dilmun, The Barbar Temple: stratigraphy, architecture and Interpretation, The Barbar Temple: its chronology and foreign relations Reconsidered, The Barbar Temple: the masonry, The land of Dilmun is holy, Bahrain and the Arabian Gulf during the second millennium B.C.: Urban crisis and colonialism, The chronology of City II and III at Qal'at al-Bahrain, Iron Age Dilmun: A reconsideration of City IV at Qal'at al-Bahrain, MAR-TU and the land of Dilmun, The shell seals of Bahrain, Susa and the Dilmun Culture The Dilmun seals as evidence of long distance relations in the early second millennium B.C., Indus and Gulf type seals from Ur, Animal designs and Gulf chronology, Eyestones and Pearls, The Tarut statue as a peripheral contribution to the knowledge of early Mesopotamian plastic art, Commerce or Conquest: variations in the Mesopotamia-Dilmun Relationship, The occurrence of Dilmun in the oldest texts of Mesopotamia, The Deities of Dilmun, The lands of Dilmun: changing cultural and economic relations during the third to early second millennia B.C., Trade and cultural contacts between Bahrain and India in the third and second millennia B.C., Bahrain and the Indus civilisation, Dilmun's further relations: the Syro-Anatolian evidence from the third and second millennia B.C.; Tylos and Tyre: Bahrain in the Graeco-Roman World, A three generations' matrilineal genealogy in a Hasaean inscription: matrilineal ancestry in Pre-Islamic Arabia Bahrain and its position in an eco-cultural classification-concept of the Gulf: some theoretical aspects of eco-cultural zones, Dilmun and the Late Assyrian Empire, Some notes about Qal'at al-Bahrain during the Hellenistic period, The Janussan necropolis and late first millennium B.C. burial customs in Bahrain, Qal'at al-Bahrain: a strategic position from the Hellenistic period until modern times, The presentation and conservation of archaeological sites in Bahrain, The Barbar Temple site in Bahrain: conservation and presentation, The traditional architecture of Bahrain.