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Determinations of Aerodynamic-drag Parameters of Small Irregular Objects by Means of Drop Tests

Determinations of Aerodynamic-drag Parameters of Small Irregular Objects by Means of Drop Tests
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 80
Release: 1961
Genre: Drag (Aerodynamics)
ISBN:

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During the 1955 and 1957 Test Operations at the Nevada Test Site (NTS), masses and velocities were determined for more than 20,000 objects, such as glass fragments from windows, stones, steel fragments, and spheres, which were energized by blast winds resulting from nuclear explosions. Following the field tests, a mathematical model was devised to help explain quantitatively the experimental results. This model required certain aerodynamic-drag information in regard to the displaced objects. It was the purpose of the study outlined in this report to determine the necessary drag properties for the objects by means of drop tests. In addition to the objects mentioned above, small laboratory animals, mice, rats, guinea pigs, and rabbits, were used in the drop tests. The data obtained from these tests were ex-trapolated to estimate the drag properties for man, and the results compared favorably with data from other sources. Also a method was developed to estimate the average drag properties of man from his total surface area, assuming that every possible orientation of a straight, rigid man with respect to the wind was equally likely.


DETERMINATION OF AERODYNAMIC DRAG PARAMETERS OF SMALL IRREGULAR OBJECTS BY MEANS OF DROP TESTS.

DETERMINATION OF AERODYNAMIC DRAG PARAMETERS OF SMALL IRREGULAR OBJECTS BY MEANS OF DROP TESTS.
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 1960
Genre:
ISBN:

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Drag coefficients were determined for various irregular objects such as glass fragments, stones, steel fragments, and spheres by means of drop tests for use in a mathematical model to correlate nuclear explosion blast experiments. Drop tests were also made on small laboratory animals and extrapolated to estimate the drag properties of man. A method was developed to estimate the average drag properties of man from his total surface area. (D.L.C.).


Lees' Loss Prevention in the Process Industries

Lees' Loss Prevention in the Process Industries
Author: Frank Lees
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 3708
Release: 2005-01-25
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0080489338

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Over the last three decades the process industries have grown very rapidly, with corresponding increases in the quantities of hazardous materials in process, storage or transport. Plants have become larger and are often situated in or close to densely populated areas. Increased hazard of loss of life or property is continually highlighted with incidents such as Flixborough, Bhopal, Chernobyl, Three Mile Island, the Phillips 66 incident, and Piper Alpha to name but a few. The field of Loss Prevention is, and continues to, be of supreme importance to countless companies, municipalities and governments around the world, because of the trend for processing plants to become larger and often be situated in or close to densely populated areas, thus increasing the hazard of loss of life or property. This book is a detailed guidebook to defending against these, and many other, hazards. It could without exaggeration be referred to as the "bible" for the process industries. This is THE standard reference work for chemical and process engineering safety professionals. For years, it has been the most complete collection of information on the theory, practice, design elements, equipment, regulations and laws covering the field of process safety. An entire library of alternative books (and cross-referencing systems) would be needed to replace or improve upon it, but everything of importance to safety professionals, engineers and managers can be found in this all-encompassing reference instead. Frank Lees' world renowned work has been fully revised and expanded by a team of leading chemical and process engineers working under the guidance of one of the world’s chief experts in this field. Sam Mannan is professor of chemical engineering at Texas A&M University, and heads the Mary Kay O’Connor Process Safety Center at Texas A&M. He received his MS and Ph.D. in chemical engineering from the University of Oklahoma, and joined the chemical engineering department at Texas A&M University as a professor in 1997. He has over 20 years of experience as an engineer, working both in industry and academia. New detail is added to chapters on fire safety, engineering, explosion hazards, analysis and suppression, and new appendices feature more recent disasters. The many thousands of references have been updated along with standards and codes of practice issued by authorities in the US, UK/Europe and internationally. In addition to all this, more regulatory relevance and case studies have been included in this edition. Written in a clear and concise style, Loss Prevention in the Process Industries covers traditional areas of personal safety as well as the more technological aspects and thus provides balanced and in-depth coverage of the whole field of safety and loss prevention. * A must-have standard reference for chemical and process engineering safety professionals * The most complete collection of information on the theory, practice, design elements, equipment and laws that pertain to process safety * Only single work to provide everything; principles, practice, codes, standards, data and references needed by those practicing in the field


List

List
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 564
Release: 1948
Genre: Nuclear energy
ISBN:

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A Model Designed to Predict the Motion of Objects Translated by Classical Blast Waves

A Model Designed to Predict the Motion of Objects Translated by Classical Blast Waves
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 58
Release: 1961
Genre: Aerodynamic load
ISBN:

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A theoretical model was developed for the purpose of predicting the motion of objects translated by winds associated with 'classical' blast waves produced by explosions. Among the factors omitted from the model for the sake of simplicity were gravity and the friction that may occur between the displaced object and the surface upon which it initially rested. Numerical solutions were obtained (up to the time when maximum missile velocity occurs) in terms of dimensionless quantities to facilitate application to specific blast situations. The results were computed within arbitrarily chosen limits for blast waves with shock strengths from 0.068 to 1.7 atm (1 to 25 psi at sea level) for displaced objects with aerodynamic characteristics ranging from those of a human being to those of 10-mg stones and for weapon yields at least as small as 1 kt or as large as 20 Mt.


Missile Studies with a Biological Target

Missile Studies with a Biological Target
Author: V. C. Goldizen
Publisher:
Total Pages: 68
Release: 1961
Genre: Blast effect
ISBN:

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Fourteen dogs were exposed on the lee side of planted gravel, of a concrete-block wall, and of glass mounted in the open and in houses to the environmental variations associated with full-scale nuclear detonations. Aluminum foil was used to protect the animals from thermal effects. The feasibility of utilizing missile data, along with other available information from the literature, as a means of quantitatively assessing biologic hazard was established by the close correspondence between observed and predicted dangerous wounds.


The Effects of Nuclear Weapons

The Effects of Nuclear Weapons
Author: United States. Defense Atomic Support Agency
Publisher:
Total Pages: 754
Release: 1962
Genre: Atomic bomb
ISBN:

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The Effects of Nuclear Weapons

The Effects of Nuclear Weapons
Author: United States. Department of Defense
Publisher:
Total Pages: 772
Release: 1964
Genre: Atomic bomb
ISBN:

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