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Deportation and Return in a Border-Restricted World

Deportation and Return in a Border-Restricted World
Author: Bryan Roberts
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 192
Release: 2017-04-19
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 3319497782

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This volume focuses on recent experiences of return migration to Mexico and Central America from the United States. For most of the twentieth century, return migration to the US was a normal part of the migration process from Mexico and Central America, typically resulting in the eventual permanent settlement of migrants in the US. In recent years, however, such migration has become involuntary, as a growing proportion of return migration is taking place through formal orders of deportation. This book discusses return migration to Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras, addressing different reasons for return, whether voluntary or involuntary, and highlighting the unique challenges faced by returnees to each region. Particular emphasis is placed on the lack of government and institutional policies in place for returning migrants who wish to attain work, training, or shelter in their home countries. Finally, the authors take a look at the phenomenon of migrants who can never return because they have disappeared during the migration process. Through its multinational focus, diverse thematic outlook, and use of ethnographic and survey methods, this volume provides an original contribution to the topic of return migration and broadens the scope of the literature currently available. As such, this book will be important to scholars and students interested in immigration policy and Latin America as well as policy makers and activists.


Returned

Returned
Author: Deborah Boehm
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Total Pages: 194
Release: 2016-05-10
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0520287088

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Returned follows transnational Mexicans as they experience the alienation and unpredictability of deportation, tracing the particular ways that U.S. immigration policies and state removals affect families. Deportation—an emergent global order of social injustice—reaches far beyond the individual deportee, as family members with diverse U.S. immigration statuses, including U.S. citizens, also return after deportation or migrate for the first time. The book includes accounts of displacement, struggle, suffering, and profound loss but also of resilience, flexibility, and imaginings of what may come. Returned tells the story of the chaos, and design, of deportation and its aftermath.


Immigration Offenses

Immigration Offenses
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 8
Release: 1990
Genre: Criminal justice, Administration of
ISBN:

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Migration and Pandemics

Migration and Pandemics
Author: Anna Triandafyllidou
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 264
Release: 2021-12-01
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 3030812103

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This open access book discusses the socio-political context of the COVID-19 crisis and questions the management of the pandemic emergency with special reference to how this affected the governance of migration and asylum. The book offers critical insights on the impact of the pandemic on migrant workers in different world regions including North America, Europe and Asia. The book addresses several categories of migrants including medical staff, farm labourers, construction workers, care and domestic workers and international students. It looks at border closures for non-citizens, disruption for temporary migrants as well as at special arrangements made for essential (migrant) workers such as doctors or nurses as well as farmworkers, ‘shipped’ to destination with special flights to make sure emergency wards are staffed, and harvests are picked up and the food processing chain continues to function. The book illustrates how the pandemic forces us to rethink notions like membership, citizenship, belonging, but also solidarity, human rights, community, essential services or ‘essential’ workers alongside an intersectional perspective including ethnicity, gender and race.


Going Back “home” : U.S. Deportation Law, Return Migration, and Migrant Belonging in the U.S.-Mexico Region

Going Back “home” : U.S. Deportation Law, Return Migration, and Migrant Belonging in the U.S.-Mexico Region
Author: Mary Christine Wheatley
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2017
Genre:
ISBN:

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The United States has deported more than four million noncitizens in the last twenty years largely because of changes to immigration law in 1996 via the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRIRA). Taking the case of the U.S. and Mexico, my dissertation is a binational ethnography that examines the social impacts of current U.S. deportation laws and policies on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border. Tracing the process of deportation from detention centers to immigration courts to hometowns of undocumented return migrants in Mexico, the dissertation examines how these laws shape the experiences of noncitizens placed in deportation proceedings as well as the socioeconomic reincorporation and transnationalism among deportees and other returnees in Mexico. I conducted participant observation and in-depth interviews over a 22-month-period between 2010 and 2014 in Mexico and the U.S. I engaged in participant observation at deportation hearings in immigration courts and privately-run men’s and women’s immigration detention centers in Texas. In Mexico, I gathered participant observation and interview data in 10 towns. I conducted 83 formal and informal interviews with return migrants (33 with deportees and 50 with voluntary returnees) and 41 formal and informal interviews with non-migrants including family members, community members, researchers, government officials and others. Building on Menjívar and Abrego’s concept of “legal violence” (2012), I ask: How does legal violence, as a reflection of state power, reify and transcend the sovereign borders of the state? And how do non-citizens subjected to legal violence resist, escape, and cope with it within and beyond the state’s sovereign borders? I conclude that legal, state-sponsored violence produces legal, subjugated individuals. However, kinship networks mitigate such state violence. I use the term precarious citizenship to describe the tenuousness individuals experience between state-sponsored violence and their participation in kinship-based gift economies


The Deportation Machine

The Deportation Machine
Author: Adam Goodman
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 336
Release: 2021-09-14
Genre: History
ISBN: 0691204209

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"By most accounts, the United States has deported around five million people since 1882-but this includes only what the federal government calls "formal deportations." "Voluntary departures," where undocumented immigrants who have been detained agree to leave within a specified time period, and "self-deportations," where undocumented immigrants leave because legal structures in the United States have made their lives too difficult and frightening, together constitute 90% of the undocumented immigrants who have been expelled by the federal government. This brings the number of deportees to fifty-six million. These forms of deportation rely on threats and coercion created at the federal, state, and local levels, using large-scale publicity campaigns, the fear of immigration raids, and detentions to cost-effectively push people out of the country. Here, Adam Goodman traces a comprehensive history of American deportation policies from 1882 to the present and near future. He shows that ome of the country's largest deportation operations expelled hundreds of thousands of people almost exclusively through the use of voluntary departures and through carefully-planned fear campaigns that terrified undocumented immigrants through newspaper, radio, and television publicity. These deportation efforts have disproportionately targeted Mexican immigrants, who make up half of non-citizens but 90% of deportees. Goodman examines the political economy of these deportation operations, arguing that they run on private transportation companies, corrupt public-private relations, and the creation of fear-based internal borders for long-term undocumented residents. He grounds his conclusions in over four years of research in English- and Spanish-language archives and twenty-five oral histories conducted with both immigration officials and immigrants-revealing for the first time the true magnitude and deep historical roots of anti-immigrant policy in the United Statesws that s


Deportation Nation

Deportation Nation
Author: Daniel Kanstroom
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Total Pages: 353
Release: 2010-03-15
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0674056566

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The danger of deportation hangs over the head of virtually every noncitizen in the United States. In the complexities and inconsistencies of immigration law, one can find a reason to deport almost any noncitizen at almost any time. In recent years, the system has been used with unprecedented vigor against millions of deportees. We are a nation of immigrants--but which ones do we want, and what do we do with those that we don't? These questions have troubled American law and politics since colonial times. Deportation Nation is a chilling history of communal self-idealization and self-protection. The post-Revolutionary Alien and Sedition Laws, the Fugitive Slave laws, the Indian "removals," the Chinese Exclusion Act, the Palmer Raids, the internment of the Japanese Americans--all sought to remove those whose origins suggested they could never become "true" Americans. And for more than a century, millions of Mexicans have conveniently served as cheap labor, crossing a border that was not official until the early twentieth century and being sent back across it when they became a burden. By illuminating the shadowy corners of American history, Daniel Kanstroom shows that deportation has long been a legal tool to control immigrants' lives and is used with increasing crudeness in a globalized but xenophobic world.


Deported Americans

Deported Americans
Author: Beth C. Caldwell
Publisher: Duke University Press
Total Pages: 167
Release: 2019-02-28
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1478004525

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When Gina was deported to Tijuana, Mexico, in 2011, she left behind her parents, siblings, and children, all of whom are U.S. citizens. Despite having once had a green card, Gina was removed from the only country she had ever known. In Deported Americans legal scholar and former public defender Beth C. Caldwell tells Gina's story alongside those of dozens of other Dreamers, who are among the hundreds of thousands who have been deported to Mexico in recent years. Many of them had lawful status, held green cards, or served in the U.S. military. Now, they have been banished, many with no hope of lawfully returning. Having interviewed over one hundred deportees and their families, Caldwell traces deportation's long-term consequences—such as depression, drug use, and homelessness—on both sides of the border. Showing how U.S. deportation law systematically fails to protect the rights of immigrants and their families, Caldwell challenges traditional notions of what it means to be an American and recommends legislative and judicial reforms to mitigate the injustices suffered by the millions of U.S. citizens affected by deportation.


Decade of Betrayal

Decade of Betrayal
Author: Francisco E. Balderrama
Publisher: UNM Press
Total Pages: 438
Release: 2006-05-31
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0826339743

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During the Great Depression, a sense of total despair plagued the United States. Americans sought a convenient scapegoat and found it in the Mexican community. Laws forbidding employment of Mexicans were accompanied by the hue and cry to "get rid of the Mexicans!" The hysteria led pandemic repatriation drives and one million Mexicans and their children were illegally shipped to Mexico. Despite their horrific treatment and traumatic experiences, the American born children never gave up hope of returning to the United States. Upon attaining legal age, they badgered their parents to let them return home. Repatriation survivors who came back worked diligently to get their lives back together. Due to their sense of shame, few of them ever told their children about their tragic ordeal. Decade of Betrayal recounts the injustice and suffering endured by the Mexican community during the 1930s. It focuses on the experiences of individuals forced to undergo the tragic ordeal of betrayal, deprivation, and adjustment. This revised edition also addresses the inclusion of the event in the educational curriculum, the issuance of a formal apology, and the question of fiscal remuneration. "Francisco Balderrama and Raymond Rodríguez, the authors of Decade of Betrayal, the first expansive study of Mexican repatriation with perspectives from both sides of the border, claim that 1 million people of Mexican descent were driven from the United States during the 1930s due to raids, scare tactics, deportation, repatriation and public pressure. Of that conservative estimate, approximately 60 percent of those leaving were legal American citizens. Mexicans comprised nearly half of all those deported during the decade, although they made up less than 1 percent of the country's population. 'Americans, reeling from the economic disorientation of the depression, sought a convenient scapegoat' Balderrama and Rodríguez wrote. 'They found it in the Mexican community.'"--American History