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| Author | : Marybeth Peterson Ulrich |
| Publisher | : University of Michigan Press |
| Total Pages | : 314 |
| Release | : 1999 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 9780472109692 |
Discusses how we can help make formerly communist armies supporters of democracy
| Author | : Marybeth Peterson Ulrich |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 1996 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
This study focuses on the role of military institutions in the democratic transitions of post-communist states. The main thesis is that political systems matter and are, indeed, determinants of patterns of civil-military relations. Authoritarian and democratic political systems produce different forms of civilian control and military professionalism. Consequently, shifts in political systems necessarily result in changed patterns of civilian control and military professionalism. I argue that concentrating on two critical dimensions of the military democratization problem--democratic political control and democratic military professionalism--will address the democratization needs which transitioning militaries face. I explore these concepts in-depth and identify specific issue areas on which both internal and external policymakers can focus to further the democratization of post-communist militaries. Building these patterns of democratic political control and democratic military professionalism should be the aim of all involved in the military democratization process in post-communist states. Ignoring the process of democratization of military institutions risks the overall process of democratic consolidation within the transitioning state and the protection of the society's democratic gains. The case study method is used to explore the specific problems of military democratization and democratization assistance in Russia and the Czech Republic. The dimensions of the military democratization problem are applied to these post-communist military institutions with the goal of assessing progress made and democratization needs that remain as the transitions progress. An examination of the US military's democratization programs in place in the former Soviet bloc, however, clearly shows that no such understanding of the scope of the military democratization problem exists among US policymakers. Consequently, the contributions that these programs have made toward building patterns of democratic political control and democratic military professionalism has been negligible. Policy recommendations include focusing military to military contacts between consolidated democracies and transitioning states on specific dimensions of the military democratization problem developed in the theoretical chapters. The models developed and conclusions drawn in this endeavor offer some solutions to both theorists and policymakers studying the problem of military democratization in the transitioning states, and consequently, may make some contribution toward their democratic consolidation.
| Author | : Marybeth Peterson Ulrich |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 892 |
| Release | : 1996 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Zoltan Barany |
| Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
| Total Pages | : 470 |
| Release | : 2012-09-16 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 0691137692 |
Looking at how armies supportive of democracy are built, this title argues that the military is the important institution that states maintain, for without military elites who support democratic governance, democracy cannot be consolidated. It demonstrates that building democratic armies is the quintessential task of democratizing regimes.
| Author | : Roman Kolkowicz |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 337 |
| Release | : 2021-01-27 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 1000263681 |
This book, first published in 1981, is a comprehensive examination of the main theoretical, methodological and empirical approaches to the study of the military in modernising political systems, in socialist and non-socialist countries. It analyses civil-military relations in the Middle East, Eastern Europe and China, and in doing so sheds new light on the comparative politics and strategic affairs of the Cold War period.
| Author | : Dale Roy Herspring |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 294 |
| Release | : 1978 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 9780712908757 |
| Author | : Todor S. Hitrov |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 125 |
| Release | : 2004-03-01 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781423515302 |
Since 1989 the countries of Central and Eastern Europe have undergone an unprecedented transition from communism to democracy. Establishment of democratic control of armed forces is an inseparable part of the process of consolidation of democracy. The purpose of this thesis is to define those factors that influence democratization of civil-military relations in post- communist countries in the process of transition to democracy. My argument is that countries develop democratic control of armed forces in different ways and with different time boundaries, until the end state is achieved, The democratization of civil-military relations depends on capability of the country in transition to effectively establish (by which I mean to build and put into effect) institutions for democratic control of the military. In evaluating development of the democratization of civil-military relations the post- communist countries of Hungary and Bulgaria are studied in detail with particular attention to the process of establishment, development, and interrelation of institutional arrangements. In this aspect historical legacy, international context and path of transition can help or obstruct the process of development of institutions for democratic control of armed forces.
| Author | : A. Forster |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 269 |
| Release | : 2003-09-08 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0230523080 |
This major comparative study examines the development of military-society relations in central and eastern Europe since the collapse of communism. Soldiers and Societies in Post-Communist Europe explores how the interaction of the common challenges of postcommunism and the diverse circumstances of individual countries are shaping patterns of military-society relations in this changing region. Detailed country case studies, written by international experts to a common analytical framework, compare the experiences of Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Croatia, Yugoslavia and Ukraine.
| Author | : Dennis C. Blair |
| Publisher | : Brookings Institution Press |
| Total Pages | : 158 |
| Release | : 2013-03-25 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0815724497 |
The response of an autocratic nation's armed forces is crucial to the outcome of democratization movements throughout the world. But how can military officers and defense officials in democratic nations persuade their counterparts in autocratic regimes to favor democratic transitions? Here, Admiral Dennis Blair confronts this hard-edged challenge with a primer on the factors that affect military behavior during democratic transitions. Military Engagement makes the strong case for why the armed forces of any country should favor democracy and why, contrary to conventional wisdom, many military leaders have supported democratic transitions in different regions of the world. Further, it explains why military support, active or tacit, is essential to the success of any demo cratic transition. Blair provides incisive commentary on civil-military relations and outlines the foundational elements of armed forces in a democratic country. He presents sound advice to defense officials and military leaders in established democracies that can be put into practice when interacting with colleagues in both autocratic regimes and those that have made the break with dictatorship. This succinct handbook analyzes democratic transitions in five major regions and surveys the internal power dynamics in countries such as Iran and North Korea, dictatorships that are hostile toward and fearful of democratic influences. Blair juxtaposes the roles, values, and objectives of military leaders in autocratic nations with those in democracies. In turn, Military Engagement highlights how crossnetworking with international military delegations can put external pressure on autocratic countries and persuade them that democracies are best not only for the country itself, but also for the armed forces. Volume one of this two-volume project provides the educational foundation necessary so that military officers from established democracies can raise their game in achiev
| Author | : Mary Patricia Callahan |
| Publisher | : Cornell University Press |
| Total Pages | : 300 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : Burma |
| ISBN | : 9780801472671 |
The Burmese army took political power in Burma in 1962 and has ruled the country ever since. The persistence of this government--even in the face of long-term nonviolent opposition led by activist Aung San Suu Kyi, who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991--has puzzled scholars. In a book relevant to current debates about democratization, Mary P. Callahan seeks to explain the extraordinary durability of the Burmese military regime. In her view, the origins of army rule are to be found in the relationship between war and state formation.Burma's colonial past had seen a large imbalance between the military and civil sectors. That imbalance was accentuated soon after formal independence by one of the earliest and most persistent covert Cold War conflicts, involving CIA-funded Kuomintang incursions across the Burmese border into the People's Republic of China. Because this raised concerns in Rangoon about the possibility of a showdown with Communist China, the Burmese Army received even more autonomy and funding to protect the integrity of the new nation-state.The military transformed itself during the late 1940s and the 1950s from a group of anticolonial guerrilla bands into the professional force that seized power in 1962. The army edged out all other state and social institutions in the competition for national power. Making Enemies draws upon Callahan's interviews with former military officers and her archival work in Burmese libraries and halls of power. Callahan's unparalleled access allows her to correct existing explanations of Burmese authoritarianism and to supply new information about the coups of 1958 and 1962.
