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Lying and Deception in Everyday Life

Lying and Deception in Everyday Life
Author: Michael Lewis
Publisher: Guilford Press
Total Pages: 244
Release: 1993-02-05
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 9780898628944

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"I speak the truth, not so much as I would, but as much as I dare...."-- Montaigne "All cruel people describe themselves as paragons of frankness.'" -- Tennessee Williams Truth and deception--like good and evil--have long been viewed as diametrically opposed and unreconcilable. Yet, few people can honestly claim they never lie. In fact, deception is practiced habitually in day-to-day life--from the polite compliment that doesn't accurately relay one's true feelings, to self-deception about one's own motivations. What fuels the need for people to intricately construct lies and illusions about their own lives? If deceptions are unconscious, does it mean that we are not responsible for their consequences? Why does self-deception or the need for illusion make us feel uncomfortable? Taking into account the sheer ubiquity and ordinariness of deception, this interdisciplinary work moves away from the cut-and-dried notion of duplicity as evil and illuminates the ways in which deception can also be understood as a adaptive response to the demands of living with others. The book articulates the boundaries between unethical and adaptive deception demonstrating how some lies serve socially approved goals, while others provoke distrust and condemnation. Throughout, the volume focuses on the range of emotions--from feelings of shame, fear, or envy, to those of concern and compassion--that motivate our desire to deceive ourselves and others. Providing an interdisciplinary exploration of the widespread phenomenon of lying and deception, this volume promotes a more fully integrated understanding of how people function in their everyday lives. Case illustrations, humor and wit, concrete examples, and even a mock television sitcom script bring the ideas to life for clinical practitioners, behavioral scientists, and philosophers, and for students in these realms.


Lying, Cheating, and Carrying On

Lying, Cheating, and Carrying On
Author: Henri Parens
Publisher: Jason Aronson, Incorporated
Total Pages: 181
Release: 2009-02-12
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1442202696

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What constitutes a lie? What are the different types of lies? Why do people lie? Is dishonesty ubiquitous in human experience? And what should be done with individuals who seek pschotherapeutic help and yet can not reveal important aspects of their lives and even fabricate histories, associations, and dreams? Such questions form the backbone of this exceptional book. Starting with the emergence of the capacity to lie in childhood and the formative influence of the family in children's moral development, the discourse goes on to include the variety of adulthood lies, including social lies, existential lies, pathological lies, narcissistic lies, and sociopathic lies. Contributions from distinguished psychoanalysts like Salman Akhtar, Harold Blum, Ruth Fischer, Lucy LaFarge, Henri Parens, and Michael Stone, along with others, explore the impact of dishonesty on the internal and external realities of an individual. Malignant forms of lies involving serious character pathology and criminality, as well as their detection, are also discussed. The book's aim is to help therapists enhance their empathy with patients who are compelled to lie and to provide them with better therapeutic strategies to deal with the clinical dilemmas that arise in working with such children and adults.


Lies

Lies
Author: Rachelle M. Smith
Publisher: Greenwood
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2022-01-11
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1440867593

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This encyclopedia examines the phenomenon of deception from a variety of perspectives and in a multitude of contexts. It offers readers an accessibly written and engaging resource that sheds light on when, why, and how we lie. Ironically, it seems to be a universal truth that everyone lies. From innocent "white lies" to elaborate deceptions, humans appear to be hard-wired for dishonesty. But what psychological or evolutionary purpose does lying serve? What motivates us to lie, and what effects do such lies have on those around us and on our own physiology and mental health? What are the differences between types of lies, and how do various forms of dishonesty manifest themselves in such areas as politics, advertising, and social media? And, perhaps most importantly, how can we spot liars in our everyday lives and encourage those around us—and even ourselves—to be more honest? Lies: The Science behind Deception provides a broad and multifaceted introduction to this fascinating topic. More than 175 entries address the many forms of lying, the purpose and development of such behaviors, and their consequences. It also includes practical sidebars that help readers to deal with lying and liars in their own lives.


Lying and Deception

Lying and Deception
Author: Thomas L. Carson
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Total Pages: 304
Release: 2010-04-29
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0191614645

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Thomas Carson offers the most comprehensive and up-to-date investigation of moral and conceptual questions about lying and deception. Part I addresses conceptual questions and offers definitions of lying, deception, and related concepts such as withholding information, "keeping someone in the dark," and "half truths." Part II deals with questions in ethical theory. Carson argues that standard debates about lying and deception between act-utilitarians and their critics are inconclusive because they rest on appeals to disputed moral intuitions. He defends a version of the golden rule and a theory of moral reasoning. His theory implies that there is a moral presumption against lying and deception that causes harm — a presumption at least as strong as that endorsed by act-utilitarianism. He uses this theory to justify his claims about the issues he addresses in Part III: deception and withholding information in sales, deception in advertising, bluffing in negotiations, the duties of professionals to inform clients, lying and deception by leaders as a pretext for fighting wars, and lying and deception about history (with special attention to the Holocaust), and cases of distorting the historical record by telling half-truths. The book concludes with a qualified defence of the view that honesty is a virtue.


Why We Lie

Why We Lie
Author: David Livingstone Smith
Publisher: Macmillan
Total Pages: 262
Release: 2007-08-07
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1466821507

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Deceit, lying, and falsehoods lie at the very heart of our cultural heritage. Even the founding myth of the Judeo-Christian tradition, the story of Adam and Eve, revolves around a lie. We have been talking, writing and singing about deception ever since Eve told God, "The serpent deceived me, and I ate." Our seemingly insatiable appetite for stories of deception spans the extremes of culture from King Lear to Little Red Riding Hood, retaining a grip on our imaginations despite endless repetition. These tales of deception are so enthralling because they speak to something fundamental in the human condition. The ever-present possibility of deceit is a crucial dimension of all human relationships, even the most central: our relationships with our very own selves. Now, for the first time, philosopher and evolutionary psychologist David Livingstone Smith elucidates the essential role that deception and self-deception have played in human--and animal--evolution and shows that the very structure of our minds has been shaped from our earliest beginnings by the need to deceive. Smith shows us that by examining the stories we tell, the falsehoods we weave, and the unconscious signals we send out, we can learn much about ourselves and how our minds work. Readers of Richard Dawkins and Steven Pinker will find much to intrigue them in this fascinating book, which declares that our extraordinary ability to deceive others--and even our own selves--"lies" at the heart of our humanity.


Telling Lies

Telling Lies
Author: Paul Ekman
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Total Pages: 402
Release: 2001
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 9780393321883

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Paul Ekman, a renowned expert in emotions research and nonverbal communication, has now updated his groundbreaking inquiry into lying and methods for uncovering lies. From the deception strategies of international public figures, such as Adolf Hitler and Richard Nixon, to the deceitful behavior of private individuals, including adulterers and petty criminals, Ekman shows that a successful liar most often depends on a willfully innocent dupe. His study describes how lies vary in form and can differ from other types of misinformation, as well as how a person's body language, voice, and facial expressions can give away a lie but still escape the detection of professional lie hunters'udges, police officers, drug enforcement agents, Secret Service agents, and others. Photographs and line drawings.


Deception: Why Do People Lie?

Deception: Why Do People Lie?
Author: Michelle R. Prather
Publisher: Teacher Created Materials
Total Pages: 48
Release: 2018-08-01
Genre: Young Adult Nonfiction
ISBN: 1425854869

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For hundreds of years, psychologists, researchers, and philosophers have studied what compels people to lie. From the little white lies that are told to spare someone's feelings, to the whoppers that are told to gain attention, telling lies is part of human behavior. The question remains--what drives people to lie? Packed with fun facts and fascinating sidebars, this full-color informational text examines contemporary issues and the topic of deception through high-interest content. Featuring TIME© content and images, this nonfiction book has text features such as a glossary, an index, and a table of contents to engage students in reading as they build their comprehension, vocabulary, and reading skills. The Reader's Guide and extended Try It! activity increase understanding of the material, and develop higher-order thinking. Check It Out! offers print and online resources for additional reading. Keep students reading from cover to cover with this captivating text!


Detecting Lies and Deceit

Detecting Lies and Deceit
Author: Aldert Vrij
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 519
Release: 2008-02-19
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0470516259

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Why do people lie? Do gender and personality differences affect how people lie? How can lies be detected? Detecting Lies and Deceit provides the most comprehensive review of deception to date. This revised edition provides an up-to-date account of deception research and discusses the working and efficacy of the most commonly used lie detection tools, including: Behaviour Analysis Interview Statement Validity Assessment Reality Monitoring Scientific Content Analysis Several different polygraph tests Voice Stress Analysis Thermal Imaging EEG-P300 Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) All three aspects of deception are covered: nonverbal cues, speech and written statement analysis and (neuro)physiological responses. The most common errors in lie detection are discussed and practical guidelines are provided to help professionals improve their lie detection skills. Detecting Lies and Deceit is a must-have resource for students, academics and professionals in psychology, criminology, policing and law.


The Body Language of Liars

The Body Language of Liars
Author: Lillian Glass
Publisher: Red Wheel/Weiser
Total Pages: 224
Release: 2013-10-21
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1601635125

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Being fooled or conned can happen to anyone; It doesn’t matter how intelligent, old, rich, or famous you are. Whether you have been scammed in business, swindled out of money, betrayed by a friend, relative, or coworker, or cheated on by a spouse, rest assured you are not alone. The world is full of these most toxic people—liars. You can never be sure if people are lying until you analyze their body language, facial expressions, speech patterns, even their online writing patterns. Now, world-renowned body language expert Dr. Lillian Glass shares with you the same quick and easy approach she uses to unmask signals of deception—from “innocent” little white lies to life-changing whoppers. Featuring photographs of celebrities and newsmakers such as Bill Clinton, Lance Armstrong, O.J. Simpson, Kim Kardashian, Lindsay Lohan, and many others at the actual moment they were lying, their specific signals of deception will be permanently etched in your mind. Analyzing the body language of troubled or divorced couples such as Arnold Schwarzenegger and Maria Shriver, Katie Holmes and Tom Cruise, and Ashton Kutcher and Demi Moore, you’ll learn the “obvious” signs to look for.


Lies!, Lies!!, Lies!!!

Lies!, Lies!!, Lies!!!
Author: Charles V. Ford
Publisher:
Total Pages: 360
Release: 1996
Genre: Medical
ISBN:

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Lies! Lies!! Lies!!! The Psychology of Deceit looks beyond compulsive liars in our society and considers the ongoing flood of lies that we as human beings experience every day. Who lies? Not just children, politicians, advertisers, and salespeople. Our co-workers lie. Our friends lie. Our relatives lie. And we lie to them. Everybody lies. We learn to lie and to detect deceit as a developmental task. Dr. Ford's philosophy is that lying is part of the bridge between one's internal world (beliefs, perceptions, expectations, fantasies) and one's external world (reality). Lies work not only to deceive others but to deceive ourselves. This book shines a spotlight on an understudied phenomenon that affects us all as we raise children, choose a relationship, move forward with a career path, or buy a used car.