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Data-parallel Implementations of Map Analysis and Animal Movement for Landscape Ecology Models

Data-parallel Implementations of Map Analysis and Animal Movement for Landscape Ecology Models
Author: Ethel J. Comiskey
Publisher:
Total Pages: 296
Release: 1993
Genre: Animal migration
ISBN:

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Abstract: "In this thesis, improved sequential and data-parallel implementations of landscape ecology model components are presented. Parallelization efforts on the (SIMD) MasPar MP-2 focus on three model components: cluster identification, mean squared radius computation (cluster geometry), and animal movement. The NOrthern YELlowstone Park ungulate model (NOYELP), developed by Drs. Monica Turner and Yegang Wu of the Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, serves as the example landscape ecology model for the model components studied. Modifications made to the original Fortran-77 NOYELP program as part of this thesis project resulted in a revised serial version which executes 11 times faster than the original (CPU time on a Sun SPARCstation 2). Parallel implementations were tested and compared to functionally comparable serial algorithms using both random maps and maps extracted from runs of the NOYELP model. Speed improvements of MasPar MP-2 parallel kernels over serial implementations on Sun SPARCstations on the order of 9 and 150 for cluster identification and mean squared radius computation, respectively, were measured on 512 x 512 random maps with a resource probability of 0.85. Speed improvements generally increased with map size and density. For landscape maps tested, speed improvements were somewhat lower, due largely to the inclusion of map pixels outside the study area (54% of total map pixels) in the data maps analyzed. Results of this study indicate that parallel adaptation of kernels for cluster identification and geometry is straightforward, but that effective parallelization of animal movements in the NOYELP model and similar individual-based models will involve reconceptualizing the movement rule. Issues involved in the parallelization of landscape ecology models are discussed and suggestions are made for future work in this area."


Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences

Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences
Author: Wade H. Shafer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 426
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1461519691

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Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS)* at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dis semination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 38 (thesis year 1993) a total of 13,787 thesis titles from 22 Canadian and 164 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this impor tant annual reference work. While Volume 38 reports theses submitted in 1993, on occasion, certain uni versities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.


Parallel Map Analysis on the CM-5 for Landscape Ecology Models

Parallel Map Analysis on the CM-5 for Landscape Ecology Models
Author: Karen Stoner Minser
Publisher:
Total Pages: 184
Release: 1993
Genre: Image processing
ISBN:

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Abstract: "In landscape ecology, computer modeling is used to assess habitat fragmentation and its ecological implications. Specifically, maps (2-D grids) of habitat clusters are analyzed to determine numbers, sizes, and geometry of clusters. Previous ecological models have relied upon sequential Fortran-77 programs which have limited the size and density of maps that can be analyzed. To efficiently analyze relatively large maps, we present parallel map analysis software implemented on the CM-5. For algorithm development, random maps of different sizes and densities were generated and analyzed. Initially, the Fortran-77 program was rewritten in C, and the sequential cluster identification algorithm was improved and implemented as a recursive or nonrecursive algorithm. The major focus of parallelization was on cluster geometry using C with CMMD message passing routines. Several different parallel models were implemented: host/node, hostless, and host/node with vector units (VUs). All models obtained some speed improvements when compared against several RISC-based workstations. The host/node model with VUs proved to be the most efficient and flexible with speed improvements for a 512 x 512 map of 187, 95, and 20 over the Sun Sparc 2, HP 9000-750, and IBM RS/6000-350, respectively. When tested on an actual map produced through remote imagery and used in ecological studies this same model obtained a speed improvement of 119 over the Sun Sparc 2."


Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences

Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences
Author: Sade H Shafer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 440
Release: 1995
Genre: Education
ISBN:

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Cited in Sheehy, Chen, and Hurt . Volume 38 (thesis year 1993) reports a total of 13,787 thesis titles from 22 Canadian and 164 US universities. As in previous volumes, thesis titles are arranged by discipline and by university within each discipline. Any accredited university or college with a grad


Predictive Species and Habitat Modeling in Landscape Ecology

Predictive Species and Habitat Modeling in Landscape Ecology
Author: C. Ashton Drew
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 319
Release: 2010-11-25
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1441973907

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Most projects in Landscape Ecology, at some point, define a species-habitat association. These models are inherently spatial, dealing with landscapes and their configurations. Whether coding behavioral rules for dispersal of simulated organisms through simulated landscapes, or designing the sampling extent of field surveys and experiments in real landscapes, landscape ecologists must make assumptions about how organisms experience and utilize the landscape. These convenient working postulates allow modelers to project the model in time and space, yet rarely are they explicitly considered. The early years of landscape ecology necessarily focused on the evolution of effective data sources, metrics, and statistical approaches that could truly capture the spatial and temporal patterns and processes of interest. Now that these tools are well established, we reflect on the ecological theories that underpin the assumptions commonly made during species distribution modeling and mapping. This is crucial for applying models to questions of global sustainability. Due to the inherent use of GIS for much of this kind of research, and as several authors’ research involves the production of multicolored map figures, there would be an 8-page color insert. Additional color figures could be made available through a digital archive, or by cost contributions of the chapter authors. Where applicable, would be relevant chapters’ GIS data and model code available through a digital archive. The practice of data and code sharing is becoming standard in GIS studies, is an inherent method of this book, and will serve to add additional research value to the book for both academic and practitioner audiences.


Quantitative Analysis of Movement

Quantitative Analysis of Movement
Author: Peter Turchin
Publisher: Sinauer Associates Incorporated
Total Pages: 396
Release: 1998-01-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780878938476

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In the last two decades it has become increasingly clear that the spatial dimension is a critically important aspect of ecological dynamics. Ecologists are currently investing an enormous amount of effort in quantifying movement patterns of organisms. Connecting these data to general issues in metapopulation biology and landscape ecology, as well as to applied questions in conservation and natural resource management, however, has proved to be a non-trivial task. This book presents a systematic exposition of quantitative methods for analyzing and modeling movements of organisms in the field. Quantitative Analysis of Movement is intended for graduate students and researchers interested in spatial ecology, including applications to conservation, pest control, and fisheries. Models are a key ingredient in the analytical approaches developed in the book; however, the primary focus is not on mathematical methods, but on connections between models and data. The methodological approaches discussed in the book will be useful to ecologists working with all taxonomic groups. Case studies have been selected from a wide variety of organisms, including plants (seed dispersal, spatial spread of clonal plants), insects, and vertebrates (primarily, fish, birds, and mammals).


Animal Movement

Animal Movement
Author: Mevin B. Hooten
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 306
Release: 2017-03-16
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 1466582154

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The study of animal movement has always been a key element in ecological science, because it is inherently linked to critical processes that scale from individuals to populations and communities to ecosystems. Rapid improvements in biotelemetry data collection and processing technology have given rise to a variety of statistical methods for characterizing animal movement. The book serves as a comprehensive reference for the types of statistical models used to study individual-based animal movement. Animal Movement is an essential reference for wildlife biologists, quantitative ecologists, and statisticians who seek a deeper understanding of modern animal movement models. A wide variety of modeling approaches are reconciled in the book using a consistent notation. Models are organized into groups based on how they treat the underlying spatio-temporal process of movement. Connections among approaches are highlighted to allow the reader to form a broader view of animal movement analysis and its associations with traditional spatial and temporal statistical modeling. After an initial overview examining the role that animal movement plays in ecology, a primer on spatial and temporal statistics provides a solid foundation for the remainder of the book. Each subsequent chapter outlines a fundamental type of statistical model utilized in the contemporary analysis of telemetry data for animal movement inference. Descriptions begin with basic traditional forms and sequentially build up to general classes of models in each category. Important background and technical details for each class of model are provided, including spatial point process models, discrete-time dynamic models, and continuous-time stochastic process models. The book also covers the essential elements for how to accommodate multiple sources of uncertainty, such as location error and latent behavior states. In addition to thorough descriptions of animal movement models, differences and connections are also emphasized to provide a broader perspective of approaches.


FRAGSTATS

FRAGSTATS
Author: Kevin McGarigal
Publisher:
Total Pages: 132
Release: 1995
Genre: FRAGSTATS.
ISBN:

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Spatial Analysis in Field Primatology

Spatial Analysis in Field Primatology
Author: Francine L. Dolins
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 461
Release: 2021-02-18
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 1107062306

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A primatologist's guide to using geographic information systems (GIS); from mapping and field accuracy, to tracking travel routes and the impact of logging.