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| Author | : William Kent |
| Publisher | : North Holland |
| Total Pages | : 238 |
| Release | : 1978 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : |
The nature of an information system; Naming; Relationships; Attributes; Types and categories and sets; Models; The record model; The other three popular models; The modelling of relationships; Elementary concepts; Philosophy.
| Author | : William Kent |
| Publisher | : Technics Publications |
| Total Pages | : 163 |
| Release | : 2012-01-01 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 1634620577 |
Let’s step back to the year 1978. Sony introduces hip portable music with the Walkman, Illinois Bell Company releases the first mobile phone, Space Invaders kicks off the video game craze, and William Kent writes Data and Reality. We have made amazing progress in the last four decades in terms of portable music, mobile communication, and entertainment, making devices such as the original Sony Walkman and suitcase-sized mobile phones museum pieces today. Yet remarkably, the book Data and Reality is just as relevant to the field of data management today as it was in 1978. Data and Reality gracefully weaves the disciplines of psychology and philosophy with data management to create timeless takeaways on how we perceive and manage information. Although databases and related technology have come a long way since 1978, the process of eliciting business requirements and how we think about information remains constant. This book will provide valuable insights whether you are a 1970s data-processing expert or a modern-day business analyst, data modeler, database administrator, or data architect. This third edition of Data and Reality differs substantially from the first and second editions. Data modeling thought leader Steve Hoberman has updated many of the original examples and references and added his commentary throughout the book, including key points at the end of each chapter. The important takeaways in this book are rich with insight yet presented in a conversational and easy-to-grasp writing style. Here are just a few of the issues this book tackles: • Has “business intelligence” replaced “artificial intelligence”? • Why is a map’s geographic landscape analogous to a data model’s information landscape? • Where do forward and reverse engineering fit in our thought process? • Why are we all becoming “data archeologists”? • What causes the communication chasm between the business professional and the information technology professional in most organizations, and how can the logical data model help bridge this chasm? • Why do we invest in hardware and software to solve business problems before determining what the business problems are in the first place? • What is the difference between oneness, sameness, and categories? • Why does context play a role in every design decision? • Why do the more important attributes become entities or relationships? • Why do symbols speak louder than words? • What’s the difference between a data modeler, a philosopher, and an artist? • Why is the 1975 dream of mapping all attributes still a dream today? • What influence does language have on our perception of reality? • Can we distinguish between naming and describing? From Graeme Simsion’s foreword: While such fundamental issues remain unrecognized and unanswered, Data and Reality, with its lucid and compelling elucidation of the questions, needs to remain in print. I read the book as a database administrator in 1980, as a researcher in 2002, and just recently as the manuscript for the present edition. On each occasion I found something more, and on each occasion I considered it the most important book I had read on data modeling. It has been on my recommended reading list forever. The first chapter in particular should be mandatory reading for anyone involved in data modeling. In publishing this new edition, Steve Hoberman has not only ensured that one of the key books in the data modeling canon remains in print, but has added his own comments and up-to-date examples, which are likely to be helpful to those who have come to data modeling more recently. Don’t do any more data modeling work until you’ve read it.
| Author | : Nathan Eagle |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 207 |
| Release | : 2014-08 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 0262027682 |
In this book, the authors explore the positive potential of big data, showing the ways in which the analysis of big data ("reality mining") can be used to improve human systems as varied as political polling and disease tracking, while considering user privacy. They describe reality mining at five different levels: the individual, the neighborhood and organization, the city, the nation, and the world. For each level, they offer a nontechnical explanation of data collection methods and describe applications and systems that have been or could be built. These include a mobile app that helps smokers quit smoking; a workplace "knowledge system"; the use of GPS, Wi-Fi, and mobile phone data to manage and predict traffic flows; and the analysis of social media to track the spread of disease. The authors argue that big data, used respectfully and responsibly, can help people live better, healthier, and happier lives. --
| Author | : Giorgia Lupi |
| Publisher | : Chronicle Books |
| Total Pages | : 304 |
| Release | : 2016-09-13 |
| Genre | : Design |
| ISBN | : 1616895462 |
Equal parts mail art, data visualization, and affectionate correspondence, Dear Data celebrates "the infinitesimal, incomplete, imperfect, yet exquisitely human details of life," in the words of Maria Popova (Brain Pickings), who introduces this charming and graphically powerful book. For one year, Giorgia Lupi, an Italian living in New York, and Stefanie Posavec, an American in London, mapped the particulars of their daily lives as a series of hand-drawn postcards they exchanged via mail weekly—small portraits as full of emotion as they are data, both mundane and magical. Dear Data reproduces in pinpoint detail the full year's set of cards, front and back, providing a remarkable portrait of two artists connected by their attention to the details of their lives—including complaints, distractions, phone addictions, physical contact, and desires. These details illuminate the lives of two remarkable young women and also inspire us to map our own lives, including specific suggestions on what data to draw and how. A captivating and unique book for designers, artists, correspondents, friends, and lovers everywhere.
| Author | : Christiane Floyd |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 484 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 3642768172 |
The present book is based on the conference Software Development and Reality Construction held at SchloB Eringerfeld in Germany, September 25 - 30, 1988. This was organized by the Technical University of Berlin (TUB) in cooperation with the German National Research Center for Computer Science (GMD), Sankt Augustin, and sponsored by the Volkswagen Foundation whose financial support we gratefully acknowledge. The conference was an interdisciplinary scientific and cultural event aimed at promoting discussion on the nature of computer science as a scientific discipline and on the theoretical foundations and systemic practice required for human-oriented system design. In keeping with the conversational style of the conference, the book comprises a series of individual contributions, arranged so as to form a coherent whole. Some authors reflect on their practice in computer science and system design. Others start from approaches developed in the humanities and the social sciences for understanding human learning and creativity, individual and cooperative work, and the interrelation between technology and organizations. Thus, each contribution makes its specific point and can be read on its own merit. But, at the same time, it takes its place as a chapter in the book, along with all the other contributions, to give what seemed to us a meaningful overall line of argumentation. This required careful editorial coordination, and we are grateful to all the authors for bearing with us throughout the slow genesis of the book and for complying with our requests for extensive revision of some of the manuscripts.
| Author | : Ben Jones |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 272 |
| Release | : 2019-11-19 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1119278163 |
Avoid data blunders and create truly useful visualizations Avoiding Data Pitfalls is a reputation-saving handbook for those who work with data, designed to help you avoid the all-too-common blunders that occur in data analysis, visualization, and presentation. Plenty of data tools exist, along with plenty of books that tell you how to use them—but unless you truly understand how to work with data, each of these tools can ultimately mislead and cause costly mistakes. This book walks you step by step through the full data visualization process, from calculation and analysis through accurate, useful presentation. Common blunders are explored in depth to show you how they arise, how they have become so common, and how you can avoid them from the outset. Then and only then can you take advantage of the wealth of tools that are out there—in the hands of someone who knows what they're doing, the right tools can cut down on the time, labor, and myriad decisions that go into each and every data presentation. Workers in almost every industry are now commonly expected to effectively analyze and present data, even with little or no formal training. There are many pitfalls—some might say chasms—in the process, and no one wants to be the source of a data error that costs money or even lives. This book provides a full walk-through of the process to help you ensure a truly useful result. Delve into the "data-reality gap" that grows with our dependence on data Learn how the right tools can streamline the visualization process Avoid common mistakes in data analysis, visualization, and presentation Create and present clear, accurate, effective data visualizations To err is human, but in today's data-driven world, the stakes can be high and the mistakes costly. Don't rely on "catching" mistakes, avoid them from the outset with the expert instruction in Avoiding Data Pitfalls.
| Author | : Peter Godfrey-Smith |
| Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
| Total Pages | : 412 |
| Release | : 2021-07-16 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 022677113X |
How does science work? Does it tell us what the world is “really” like? What makes it different from other ways of understanding the universe? In Theory and Reality, Peter Godfrey-Smith addresses these questions by taking the reader on a grand tour of more than a hundred years of debate about science. The result is a completely accessible introduction to the main themes of the philosophy of science. Examples and asides engage the beginning student, a glossary of terms explains key concepts, and suggestions for further reading are included at the end of each chapter. Like no other text in this field, Theory and Reality combines a survey of recent history of the philosophy of science with current key debates that any beginning scholar or critical reader can follow. The second edition is thoroughly updated and expanded by the author with a new chapter on truth, simplicity, and models in science.
| Author | : Alan J. Rocke |
| Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
| Total Pages | : 403 |
| Release | : 2010-05-15 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0226723356 |
Nineteenth-century chemists were faced with a particular problem: how to depict the atoms and molecules that are beyond the direct reach of our bodily senses. In visualizing this microworld, these scientists were the first to move beyond high-level philosophical speculations regarding the unseen. In Image and Reality, Alan Rocke focuses on the community of organic chemists in Germany to provide the basis for a fuller understanding of the nature of scientific creativity. Arguing that visual mental images regularly assisted many of these scientists in thinking through old problems and new possibilities, Rocke uses a variety of sources, including private correspondence, diagrams and illustrations, scientific papers, and public statements, to investigate their ability to not only imagine the invisibly tiny atoms and molecules upon which they operated daily, but to build detailed and empirically based pictures of how all of the atoms in complicated molecules were interconnected. These portrayals of “chemical structures,” both as mental images and as paper tools, gradually became an accepted part of science during these years and are now regarded as one of the central defining features of chemistry. In telling this fascinating story in a manner accessible to the lay reader, Rocke also suggests that imagistic thinking is often at the heart of creative thinking in all fields. Image and Reality is the first book in the Synthesis series, a series in the history of chemistry, broadly construed, edited by Angela N. H. Creager, John E. Lesch, Stuart W. Leslie, Lawrence M. Principe, Alan Rocke, E.C. Spary, and Audra J. Wolfe, in partnership with the Chemical Heritage Foundation.
| Author | : Hilary Putnam |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 166 |
| Release | : 1988 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 9780262660747 |
The author, one of the first philosophers to advance the notion that the computer is an apt model for the mind, takes a radical view of his own theory of functionalism in this book.
| Author | : James R. Thompson |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 264 |
| Release | : 2009-09-25 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 0470317450 |
A hands-on approach to the basic principles of empirical model building. Includes a series of real-world statistical problems illustrating modeling skills and techniques. Covers models of growth and decay, systems where competition and interaction add to the complexity of the model, and discusses both classical and nonclassical data analysis methods.
