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Hitler - Beneš - Tito

Hitler - Beneš - Tito
Author: Arnold Suppan
Publisher: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2019
Genre: Balkan Peninsula
ISBN: 9783700184102

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In the spring of 1945, Fuhrer and Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler, President Edvard Benes, and Marshal Josip Broz Tito stood as examples of the complete rupture between the Germans and Austrians on the one hand, and the Czechs, Slovaks, Slovenes, Croats, Serbs, and Bosniaks on the other. The total break that occurred in World War II with war crimes, crimes against humanity, and even genocides (particularly against the Jews and "Gypsies") had a long pre-history, beginning with violent nationalist clashes in the Habsburg Monarchy during the revolutions of 1848/49. Therefore, this monograph - based on a broad range of international primary and secondary sources - explores the development of the political, legal, economic, social, and cultural "communities of conflict" within Austria-Hungary, especially in the Bohemian and South Slavic countries, the making of the Paris Peace Treaties in 1919/20 by violating President Wilson's principle of self-determination, particularly in drawing new borders and creating new economic units, and the perpetuated ethnic-national conflicts between Czechs and Germans, Slovaks and Magyars, Slovenes and Germans, Croats and Serbs as well as Serbs and Germans in the successor states, deepening the differences between the nations of East-Central Europe. Although many kings, presidents, chancellors, ministers, governors, diplomats, business tycoons, generals, Nazi-Gauleiter, higher SS and police leaders, and Communist functionaries have appeared as historical actors in the 170 years of East-Central and Southeastern European history, Hitler, Benes, and Tito remain especially present in historical memory at the beginning of the twenty-first century.


Hitler's Empire

Hitler's Empire
Author: Mark Mazower
Publisher: Penguin UK
Total Pages: 768
Release: 2013-03-07
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0141917504

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The powerful, disturbing history of Nazi Europe by Mark Mazower, one of Britain's leading historians and bestselling author of Dark Continent and Governing the World Hitler's Empire charts the landscape of the Nazi imperial imagination - from those economists who dreamed of turning Europe into a huge market for German business, to Hitler's own plans for new transcontinental motorways passing over the ethnically cleansed Russian steppe, and earnest internal SS discussions of political theory, dictatorship and the rule of law. Above all, this chilling account shows what happened as these ideas met reality. After their early battlefield triumphs, the bankruptcy of the Nazis' political vision for Europe became all too clear: their allies bailed out, their New Order collapsed in military failure, and they left behind a continent corrupted by collaboration, impoverished by looting and exploitation, and grieving the victims of war and genocide. About the author: Mark Mazower is Ira D.Wallach Professor of World Order Studies and Professor of History Professor of History at Columbia University. He is the author of Hitler's Greece: The Experience of Occupation, 1941-44, Dark Continent: Europe's Twentieth Century, The Balkans: A Short History (which won the Wolfson Prize for History), Salonica: City of Ghosts (which won both the Duff Cooper Prize and the Runciman Award) and Governing the World: The History of an Idea. He has also taught at Birkbeck College, University of London, Sussex University and Princeton. He lives in New York.


A World at Arms

A World at Arms
Author: Gerhard L. Weinberg
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 1210
Release: 2013-07-11
Genre: History
ISBN: 0511252935

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In a new edition featuring a new preface, A World of Arms remains a classic of global history. Widely hailed as a masterpiece, this volume remains the first history of World War II to provide a truly global account of the war that encompassed six continents. Starting with the changes that restructured Europe and its colonies following the First World War, Gerhard Weinberg sheds new light on every aspect of World War II. Actions of the Axis, the Allies, and the Neutrals are covered in every theater of the war. More importantly, the global nature of the war is examined, with new insights into how events in one corner of the world helped affect events in often distant areas.


Beyond Totalitarianism

Beyond Totalitarianism
Author: Michael Geyer
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 553
Release: 2009
Genre: History
ISBN: 0521897963

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These essays rethink the nature of Stalinism and Nazism and establish a new methodology for viewing their histories that goes well beyond outdated twentieth-century models of totalitarianism, ideology, and personality. They offer a new understanding of the intertwined trajectories of socialism and nationalism in European and global history.


Exile and Identity

Exile and Identity
Author: Katherine R. Jolluck
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Pre
Total Pages: 393
Release: 2002-09-15
Genre: History
ISBN: 0822970678

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Using firsthand, personal accounts, and focusing on the experiences of women, Katherine R. Jolluck relates and examines the experiences of thousands of civilians deported to the USSR following the Soviet annexation of eastern Poland in 1939.Upon arrival in remote areas of the Soviet Union, they were deposited in prisons, labor camps, special settlements, and collective farms, and subjected to tremendous hardships and oppressive conditions. In 1942, some 115,000 Polish citizens—only a portion of those initially exiled from their homeland—were evacuated to Iran. There they were asked to complete extensive questionnaires about their experiences.Having read and reviewed hundreds of these documents, Jolluck reveals not only the harsh treatment these women experienced, but also how they maintained their identities as respectable women and patriotic Poles. She finds that for those exiled, the ways in which they strove to recreate home in a foreign and hostile environment became a key means of their survival.Both a harrowing account of brutality and suffering and a clear analysis of civilian experiences in wartime, Exile and Identity expands the history of war far beyond the military battlefield.


White Spots—Black Spots

White Spots—Black Spots
Author: Adam Daniel Rotfeld
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
Total Pages: 707
Release: 2015-07-18
Genre: History
ISBN: 0822980959

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Poland and Russia have a long relationship that encompasses centuries of mutual antagonism, war, and conquest. The twentieth century has been particularly intense, including world wars, revolution, massacres, national independence, and decades of communist rule—for both countries. Since the collapse of communism, historians in both countries have struggled to come to grips with this difficult legacy. This pioneering study, prepared by the semi-official Polish-Russian Group on Difficult Matters, is a comprehensive effort to document and fully disclose the major conflicts and interrelations between the two nations from 1918 to 2008, events that have often been avoided or presented with a strong political bias. This is the English translation of this major study, which has received acclaim for its Polish and Russian editions. The chapters offer parallel histories by prominent Polish and Russian scholars who recount each country's version of the event in question. Among the topics discussed are the 1920 Polish-Russian war, the origins of World War II and the notorious Hitler-Stalin pact, the infamously shrouded Katyn massacre, the communization of Poland, Cold War relations, the Solidarity movement and martial law, and the renewed relations of contemporary Poland and Russia.


Czechs and Germans

Czechs and Germans
Author: Elizabeth Wiskemann
Publisher: Wiskemann Press
Total Pages: 316
Release: 2008-11
Genre: History
ISBN: 1443729817

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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1917 edition. Excerpt: ... (6) Columns for Discount on Purchases and Discount on Notes on the same side of the Cash Book; (c) Columns for Discount on Sales and Cash Sales on the debit side of the Cash Book; (d) Departmental columns in the Sales Book and in the Purchase Book. Controlling Accounts.--The addition of special columns in books of original entry makes possible the keeping of Controlling Accounts. The most common examples of such accounts are Accounts Receivable account and Accounts Payable account. These summary accounts, respectively, displace individual customers' and creditors' accounts in the Ledger. The customers' accounts are then segregated in another book called the Sales Ledger or Customers' Ledger, while the creditors' accounts are kept in the Purchase or Creditors' Ledger. The original Ledger, now much reduced in size, is called the General Ledger. The Trial Balance now refers to the accounts in the General Ledger. It is evident that the task of taking a Trial Balance is greatly simplified because so many fewer accounts are involved. A Schedule of Accounts Receivable is then prepared, consisting of the balances found in the Sales Ledger, and its total must agree with the balance of the Accounts Receivable account shown in the Trial Balance. A similar Schedule of Accounts Payable, made up of all the balances in the Purchase Ledger, is prepared, and it must agree with the balance of the Accounts Payable account of the General Ledger." The Balance Sheet.--In the more elementary part of the text, the student learned how to prepare a Statement of Assets and Liabilities for the purpose of disclosing the net capital of an enterprise. In the present chapter he was shown how to prepare a similar statement, the Balance Sheet. For all practical...


National Cleansing

National Cleansing
Author: Benjamin Frommer
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 420
Release: 2005
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780521008969

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National Cleansing examines the prosecution of more than one-hundred thousand suspected war criminals and collaborators by Czech courts and tribunals after the Second World War. As the first comprehensive history of postwar Czech retribution, this book provides a new perspective on Czechoslovakia's transition from Nazi occupation to Stalinist rule in the turbulent decade from the Munich Pact of September 1938 to the Communist coup d'état of February 1948. Based on archival sources that remained inaccessible during the Cold War, National Cleansing demonstrates retribution's central role in the postwar power struggle and the contemporary expulsion of the Sudeten Germans.