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What Happens During Business Cycles

What Happens During Business Cycles
Author: Wesley Clair Mitchell
Publisher:
Total Pages: 434
Release: 1951
Genre: Business cycles
ISBN:

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The Cyclical Behavior of Prices

The Cyclical Behavior of Prices
Author: Geoffrey Hoyt Moore
Publisher:
Total Pages: 50
Release: 1971
Genre: Price indexes
ISBN:

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Cyclical Psychodynamics and the Contextual Self

Cyclical Psychodynamics and the Contextual Self
Author: Paul L. Wachtel
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 375
Release: 2014-04-03
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1317743296

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Cyclical Psychodynamics and the Contextual Self articulates in new ways the essential features and most recent extensions of Paul Wachtel's powerfully integrative theory of cyclical psychodynamics. Wachtel is widely regarded as the leading advocate for integrative thinking in personality theory and the theory and practice of psychotherapy. He is a contributor to cutting edge thought in the realm of relational psychoanalysis and to highlighting the ways in which the relational point of view provides especially fertile ground for integrating psychoanalytic insights with the ideas and methods of other theoretical and therapeutic orientations. In this book, Wachtel extends his integration of psychoanalytic, cognitive-behavioral, systemic, and experiential viewpoints to examine closely the nature of the inner world of subjectivity, its relation to the transactional world of daily life experiences, and the impact on both the larger social and cultural forces that both shape and are shaped by individual experience. Here, he discusses in a uniquely comprehensive fashiong the subtleties of the clinical interaction, the findings of systematic research, and the role of social, economic, and historical forces in our lives. The chapters in this book help to transcend the tunnel vision that can lead therapists of different orientations to ignore the important discoveries and innovations from competing approaches. Explicating the pervasive role of vicious circles and self-fulfilling prophecies in our lives, Cyclical Psychodynamics and the Contextual Self shows how deeply intertwined the subjective, the intersubjective, and the cultural realms are, and points to new pathways to therapeutic and social change. Both a theoretical tour de force and an immensely practical guide to clinical practice, this book will be essential reading for psychoanalysts, psychotherapists and students of human behavior of all backgrounds and theoretical orientations.


The Composition and Cyclical Behavior of Trade Flows in Emerging Economies

The Composition and Cyclical Behavior of Trade Flows in Emerging Economies
Author: Mr.Reinout De Bock
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 34
Release: 2010-02-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1451963106

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Trade flows data show that the composition and cyclical properties of imports are similar in developed economies and emerging markets (EM) but this is not the case for exports. Unlike developed economies, (i) EM export few or only a selective set of capital goods and (ii) capital good and overall exports tend to be acyclical. The lack of procyclicality in exports drives the strong countercyclicality of EM trade balances observed in previous studies. A quantitative exercise demonstrates how the standard small open economy business cycle model can be improved for EM by incorporating these features.


Econometric models of cyclical behavior...

Econometric models of cyclical behavior...
Author: Conference On Econometric Models Of Cyclical Behavior: [1969. Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A.].
Publisher:
Total Pages: 1246
Release: 1972
Genre:
ISBN:

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Cyclical Behavior of Fiscal Policy among Sub-Saharan African Countries

Cyclical Behavior of Fiscal Policy among Sub-Saharan African Countries
Author: Mr.Tetsuya Konuki
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 39
Release: 2016-08-24
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1475529775

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Excessively procyclical fiscal policy can be harmful. This paper investigates to what extent the fiscal policies of sub-Saharan African countries were procyclical in recent years and the reasons for the degree of fiscal procyclicality among these countries. It finds that a tendency for procyclical fiscal policy was particularly pronounced among oil exporters and after the global financial crisis. It also finds a statistically significant causal link running from deeper financial markets and higher reserves coverage to lower fiscal policy procyclicality. Fiscal rules supported by strong political commitment and institutions seem to be key to facilitating progress for deeper financial markets and stronger reserves coverage.


Major Changes in Cyclical Behavior

Major Changes in Cyclical Behavior
Author: Victor Zarnowitz
Publisher:
Total Pages: 86
Release: 1984
Genre: Business cycles
ISBN:

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Various structural, institutional, and policy changes have contributed to the evolution of business cycles, since World War II business expansions have been much longer and contractions much shorter than before. Over nearly 200 years of U.S. history expansions have been long relative to contractions when prices had upward secular trends, and shorter when price trends were down. The rising price trend since the 1930's fits this pattern, although we find no association between the rate of inflation during each business cycle and the relative duration of the phases. Shifts in the industrial composition of employment, in labor-force participation, and in the distribution of personal income have all contributed to the post-1945 moderation of cyclical amplitudes. The variability of economic change was low by historical standards in both 1948-69 and 1969-81, although the inflation rate was much higher and real growth on the average lower after 1969. The recent long-term inflation is attributable mainly to the new persistence of upward price movements in business cycle contractions rather than to more rapid price increases during expansions. But prices have always been sensitive to the degree of severity of business contractions, and they still are. The same is true of short-terminterest rates, although they became more sensitive during 1949-82 than before. Despite the deep changes in the economy, many basic characteristics of the business cycle remain unchanged, notably the timing relationships among groups of leading and lagging indicators.