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| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Polymers |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : David Mulligan |
| Publisher | : iSmithers Rapra Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 126 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9781859573938 |
This report focuses on in-line cure monitoring as a key way of optimising production. The bulk of this review is devoted to coverage of the range of techniques used for cure monitoring. Consideration is also given to other topics relevant to the implementation of cure monitoring processes. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Rapra Polymer Library database gives useful references for further reading.
| Author | : Roger Vodicka |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 10 |
| Release | : 1997 |
| Genre | : Curing |
| ISBN | : |
Assessing the exact state of cure of thermosetting polymer composite components using embedded sensors can allow the user to precisely control the cure cycle in order to achieve optimum cure. This is desirable in a field repair situation where a non-optimum cure cycle may have to be adopted. At present a wide variety of options are available. However, to be practical for bonded composite repair, especially field repair, it is important to assess these options against a range of criteria such as size, complexity, cure sensing ability, cost and the ability to measure other information after cure. The techniques reviewed fall into a number of categories defined by the property which is measured. These are electrical, acoustic, optical, thermal and other/indirect properties. of the techniques reviewed three techniques show most promise: viz. dielectrometry (electrical), spectroscopic (optical) and measurement of refractive index during cure (optical). The simplest of these techniques relies on the change in refractive index of the matrix resin during cure. A segment of cured resin is placed as a link between two lengths of a silica optic fibre. This fibre can then be placed in the uncured matrix. Light is transmitted through the fibre prior to cure but as the refractive index of the uncured resin approaches that of the cured resin the transmitted light intensity decreases until the fully cured state is achieved where no light is transmitted. The details of this refractive index technique are highlighted and show that a cure sensing system can be simple, low in cost and effective. Therefore this technique is recommended for further investigation.
| Author | : Krzysztof Iniewski |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 598 |
| Release | : 2017-12-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1466568119 |
Sensor technologies are a rapidly growing area of interest in science and product design, embracing developments in electronics, photonics, mechanics, chemistry, and biology. Their presence is widespread in everyday life, where they are used to sense sound, movement, and optical or magnetic signals. The demand for portable and lightweight sensors is relentless in several industries, from consumer electronics to biomedical engineering to the military. Smart Sensors for Industrial Applications brings together the latest research in smart sensors technology and exposes the reader to myriad applications that this technology has enabled. Organized into five parts, the book explores: Photonics and optoelectronics sensors, including developments in optical fibers, Brillouin detection, and Doppler effect analysis. Chapters also look at key applications such as oxygen detection, directional discrimination, and optical sensing. Infrared and thermal sensors, such as Bragg gratings, thin films, and microbolometers. Contributors also cover temperature measurements in industrial conditions, including sensing inside explosions. Magnetic and inductive sensors, including magnetometers, inductive coupling, and ferro-fluidics. The book also discusses magnetic field and inductive current measurements in various industrial conditions, such as on airplanes. Sound and ultrasound sensors, including underwater acoustic modem, vibrational spectroscopy, and photoacoustics. Piezoresistive, wireless, and electrical sensors, with applications in health monitoring, agrofood, and other industries. Featuring contributions by experts from around the world, this book offers a comprehensive review of the groundbreaking technologies and the latest applications and trends in the field of smart sensors.
| Author | : Laurent A. Francis |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 621 |
| Release | : 2017-07-28 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1466560673 |
Microsystems technologies have found their way into an impressive variety of applications, from mobile phones, computers, and displays to smart grids, electric cars, and space shuttles. This multidisciplinary field of research extends the current capabilities of standard integrated circuits in terms of materials and designs and complements them by creating innovative components and smaller systems that require lower power consumption and display better performance. Novel Advances in Microsystems Technologies and their Applications delves into the state of the art and the applications of microsystems and microelectronics-related technologies. Featuring contributions by academic and industrial researchers from around the world, this book: Examines organic and flexible electronics, from polymer solar cell to flexible interconnects for the co-integration of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) with complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) Discusses imaging and display technologies, including MEMS technology in reflective displays, the fabrication of thin-film transistors on glass substrates, and new techniques to display and quickly transmit high-quality images Explores sensor technologies for sensing electrical currents and temperature, monitoring structural health and critical industrial processes, and more Covers biomedical microsystems, including biosensors, point-of-care devices, neural stimulation and recording, and ultra-low-power biomedical systems Written for researchers, engineers, and graduate students in electrical and biomedical engineering, this book reviews groundbreaking technology, trends, and applications in microelectronics. Its coverage of the latest research serves as a source of inspiration for anyone interested in further developing microsystems technologies and creating new applications.
| Author | : Joseph D. Menczel |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 607 |
| Release | : 2014-07-09 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1118995996 |
Presents a solid introduction to thermal analysis, methods, instrumentation, calibration, and application along with the necessary theoretical background. Useful to chemists, physicists, materials scientists, and engineers who are new to thermal analysis techniques, and to existing users of thermal analysis who wish expand their experience to new techniques and applications Topics covered include Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Differential Thermal Analysis (DSC/DTA), Thermogravimetry, Thermomechanical Analysis and Dilatometry, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, Micro-Thermal Analysis, Hot Stage Microscopy, and Instrumentation. Written by experts in the various areas of thermal analysis Relevant and detailed experiments and examples follow each chapter.
| Author | : Vistasp M. Karbhari |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 729 |
| Release | : 2013-06-30 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 085709355X |
The increased use of polymer matrix composites in structural applications has led to the growing need for a very high level of quality control and testing of products to ensure and monitor performance over time. Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of polymer matrix composites explores a range of NDE techniques and the use of these techniques in a variety of application areas. Part one provides an overview of a range of NDE and NDT techniques including eddy current testing, shearography, ultrasonics, acoustic emission, and dielectrics. Part two highlights the use of NDE techniques for adhesively bonded applications. Part three focuses on NDE techniques for aerospace applications including the evaluation of aerospace composites for impact damage and flaw characterisation. Finally, the use of traditional and emerging NDE techniques in civil and marine applications is explored in part four. With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of polymer matrix composites is a technical resource for researchers and engineers using polymer matrix composites, professionals requiring an understanding of non-destructive evaluation techniques, and academics interested in this field. Explores a range of NDE and NDT techniques and considers future trends Examines in detail NDE techniques for adhesively bonded applications Discusses NDE techniques in aerospace applications including detecting impact damage, ultrasonic techniques and structural health monitoring
| Author | : Jean-Pierre Fouassier |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 586 |
| Release | : 1993-07-31 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9781851669295 |
Volume one deals primarily with the basic principles of radiation curing: UV-curing; EB-curing; microwave curing; oligomer/resin technology; chemistry of imaging science; testing methods; equipment; coatings applications and emerging trends in photopolymers for holographic recording and laser induced reactions.
| Author | : C. A. May |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 116 |
| Release | : 1980 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
As a result of the work reported herein a foundation has been developed for automated bonding cycle control. The monitoring system was improved through the development of a mathematical model which affords a theoretical understanding of the dielectric signals and permits their chemorheological interpretation. The mechanical reliability of the probe was improved to minimize in-process failures. It was demonstrated that the shape of the dielectric curve was dependent on the chemical composition of the adhesive and was a useful tool for the optimization of cure cycles. Environmental testing of joints containing probes indicated that combinations of moist environments and elevated temperatures caused a degradation of bond performance. However, surface treatments can be applied to the probe without destroying the dielectric monitoring capability and should be evaluated as a solution to this problem. Evidence was also developed that it may be feasible to use the probe to detect the ingress of moisture into a bonded joint. (Author).
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 11 |
| Release | : 1996 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
The objective of the research under this contract was to develop in-situ monitoring technique for cure and water in selected polymers. The techniques explored are intrinsic fluorescence, phosphorescence and UV reflection The polymers studied are epoxy, polyimide and vinyl polymers (MMA and styrene). These techniques were also used to probe fiber/resin interphase. The intrinsic fluorescence spectral shift (25 nm) due to the cure of epoxy with the main curing agent, p, p'-diamino diphenyl sulfone (DDS) was related to the extent of cure and implemented by fiber-optic fluorimeter for in-situ cure characterization of epoxy/graphite composites. The phosphorescence lifetime due to DDS was found to be useful to measure the extent of cure in the prepregs. The external UV reflection technique was developed as an intrinsic cure monitoring technique for polymers such as polyimides exhibiting weak fluorescence. A bifurcated multifiber probe for UV reflection technique has been implemented for in-situ imidization studies. Polymerization of styrene and methyl methacrylate (MMA) were successfully monitored by UV and in-situ fluorescence techniques via fiber-optics. For water-uptake monitoring, the fluorescence intensity of DDS which shows sensitive decrease was correlated to the water-uptake measured by gravimetry in neat epoxy as well as in epoxy composites. The characterization of cure reactions in epoxy/fiber interphase has been probed by evanescent fluorescence due to an extrinsic cure sensor, p, p'-diamino azobenzene by using sapphire fiber due to its high refractive index of 1.78 in comparison to that of epoxy of 1.61.
