Counterparty Risk Reduction By The Optimal Netting Of Otc Derivatives PDF Download
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Author | : Dominic O'Kane |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 28 |
Release | : 2014 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Counterparty Risk Reduction by the Optimal Netting of OTC Derivatives Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The netting of OTC derivatives trades, known as 'compression', reduces systemic risk in financial markets by minimising counterparty exposures between large financial institutions, in particular the large dealer banks. We present here a framework for compression in the OTC derivatives market for interest rate swaps. We minimise the total net counterparty exposure by partially or fully unwinding existing swap trades and determine the degree of compression obtained as a function of the number of trades, the number of participating parties and the number of risk constraints. We do this using both linear programming (LP) and quadratic programming (QP) approaches. We are able to separately quantify the benefit of bilateral and multilateral netting. We also compare the tendency of both LP and QP approaches to favour full unwinds of existing trades versus partial unwinds. We calculate the performance of both optimisation approaches by calculating their average reduction in counterparty risk by simulating over large numbers of randomly generated trade sets. We show that significant compression can be achieved, and find that LP approaches are preferable as they are generally computationally faster and produce solutions with more full unwinds than QP approaches.
Author | : Mr.Manmohan Singh |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 17 |
Release | : 2010-04-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1451982763 |
Download Collateral, Netting and Systemic Risk in the OTC Derivatives Market Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
To mitigate systemic risk, some regulators have advocated the greater use of centralized counterparties (CCPs) to clear Over-The-Counter (OTC) derivatives trades. Regulators should be cognizant that large banks active in the OTC derivatives market do not hold collateral against all the positions in their trading book and the paper proves an estimate of this under-collateralization. Whatever collateral is held by banks is allowed to be rehypothecated (or re-used) to others. Since CCPs would require all positions to have collateral against them, off-loading a significant portion of OTC derivatives transactions to central counterparties (CCPs) would require large increases in posted collateral, possibly requiring large banks to raise more capital. These costs suggest that most large banks will be reluctant to offload their positions to CCPs, and the paper proposes an appropriate capital levy on remaining positions to encourage the transition.
Author | : Miguel A. Segoviano Basurto |
Publisher | : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND |
Total Pages | : 19 |
Release | : 2008-11-01 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781451871166 |
Download Counterparty Risk in the Over-The-Counter Derivatives Market Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The financial market turmoil of recent months has highlighted the importance of counterparty risk. Here, we discuss counterparty risk that may stem from the OTC derivatives markets and attempt to assess the scope of potential cascade effects. This risk is measured by losses to the financial system that may result via the OTC derivative contracts from the default of one or more banks or primary broker-dealers. We then stress the importance of "netting" within the OTC derivative contracts. Our methodology shows that, even using data from before the worsening of the crisis in late Summer 2008, the potential cascade effects could be very substantial. We summarize our results in the context of the stability of the banking system and provide some policy measures that could be usefully considered by the regulators in their discussions of current issues.
Author | : Dominic O'Kane |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 25 |
Release | : 2014 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Optimizing the Compression Cycle Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Concerns about the fragility of the financial system caused by the OTC derivatives market has encouraged the increased use of counterparty risk mitigation techniques including the use of market compression. In this process groups of market participants share position information via a third party company, TriOptima, who determine and propose a set of trades which will allow these parties to net out, i.e. "compress", their bilateral and multilateral exposures. In this paper we introduce, analyse and compare a set of compression algorithms to see how successful they are at compression. Our main focus is the credit derivatives market, although the five methods considered here can also be used in other OTC derivative markets such as interest rate swaps. We compare all of these approaches using Monte-Carlo techniques and find a local pruning algorithm that performs as well as global approaches with the advantage that it avoids small positions and is very fast. We believe that compression is a serious alternative counterparty risk mitigation technique to the use of CCPs that should be encouraged by regulators since it enables multilateral contract netting within the framework of an ISDA Credit Support Agreement thereby maintaining the added benefit of netting across all mutual ISDA derivative contracts.
Author | : Group of Ten. Committee on Payment and Settlement Systems |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 80 |
Release | : 2004 |
Genre | : Clearing of securities |
ISBN | : |
Download Recommendations for Central Counterparties Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : |
Publisher | : Lulu.com |
Total Pages | : 294 |
Release | : 2004 |
Genre | : Bank capital |
ISBN | : 9291316695 |
Download International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department |
Publisher | : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2010-05-20 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9781589069169 |
Download Global Financial Stability Report, April 2010 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Risks to global financial stability have eased as the economic recovery has gained steam. But policies are needed to reduce sovereign vulnerabilities, ensure a smooth deleveraging process, and complete the regulatory agenda. The April 2010 Global Financial Stability Report examines systemic risk and the redesign of financial regulation; the role of central counterparties in making over-the-counter derivatives safer; and the effects of the expansion of global liquidity on receiving economies.
Author | : Mr.Manmohan Singh |
Publisher | : International Monetary Fund |
Total Pages | : 23 |
Release | : 2018-03-20 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1484347307 |
Download Central Counterparties Resolution—An Unresolved Problem Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Recovery and resolution regimes are being developed for central counterparties (CCPs). We analyse current resolution tools in the context of policy, which is to restore the critical functions of a failed CCP. We conclude that the toolkit is insufficient to avoid the costs of resolution being borne by taxpayers, and propose alternative policy suggestions for addressing the problem of a failed CCP.
Author | : Jon Gregory |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 449 |
Release | : 2011-09-07 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0470689994 |
Download Counterparty Credit Risk Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The first decade of the 21st Century has been disastrous for financial institutions, derivatives and risk management. Counterparty credit risk has become the key element of financial risk management, highlighted by the bankruptcy of the investment bank Lehman Brothers and failure of other high profile institutions such as Bear Sterns, AIG, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The sudden realisation of extensive counterparty risks has severely compromised the health of global financial markets. Counterparty risk is now a key problem for all financial institutions. This book explains the emergence of counterparty risk during the recent credit crisis. The quantification of firm-wide credit exposure for trading desks and businesses is discussed alongside risk mitigation methods such as netting and collateral management (margining). Banks and other financial institutions have been recently developing their capabilities for pricing counterparty risk and these elements are considered in detail via a characterisation of credit value adjustment (CVA). The implications of an institution valuing their own default via debt value adjustment (DVA) are also considered at length. Hedging aspects, together with the associated instruments such as credit defaults swaps (CDSs) and contingent CDS (CCDS) are described in full. A key feature of the credit crisis has been the realisation of wrong-way risks illustrated by the failure of monoline insurance companies. Wrong-way counterparty risks are addressed in detail in relation to interest rate, foreign exchange, commodity and, in particular, credit derivative products. Portfolio counterparty risk is covered, together with the regulatory aspects as defined by the Basel II capital requirements. The management of counterparty risk within an institution is also discussed in detail. Finally, the design and benefits of central clearing, a recent development to attempt to control the rapid growth of counterparty risk, is considered. This book is unique in being practically focused but also covering the more technical aspects. It is an invaluable complete reference guide for any market practitioner with any responsibility or interest within the area of counterparty credit risk.
Author | : Jon Gregory |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 329 |
Release | : 2014-06-17 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1118891570 |
Download Central Counterparties Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Practical guidance toward handling the latest changes to the OTC derivatives market Central Counterparties is a practical guide to central clearing and bilateral margin requirements, from one of the industry's most influential credit practitioners. With up-to-date information on the latest regulations imposed after the global financial crisis, this book covers the mechanics of the clearing process and analyses the resulting consequences. Detailed discussion explains the ways in which the very significant clearing and margining rules will affect the OTC derivatives market and the financial markets in general, with practical guidance toward implementation and how to handle the potential consequences. Over-the-counter derivatives were blamed by many for playing a major role in the 2007 financial crisis, resulting in a significant attention and dramatic action by policymakers, politicians, and regulators to reduce counterparty credit risk which was seen as a major issue in the crisis. The two most important regulatory changes are the mandatory clearing of standardised OTC derivatives, and the requirements for bilateral margin posting in non-standard OTC contracts. Central Counterparties is a complete reference guide to navigating these changes, providing clarification and practical advice. Review the mitigation of counterparty credit risk with the historical development of central clearing Clarify the latest regulatory requirements imposed by Dodd-Frank, EMIR, Basel III and more Learn the mechanics of central clearing, with special attention to complex issues such as margin calculations, the loss waterfall, client clearing and regulatory capital rules Gain insight into the advantages and disadvantages of clearing and bilateral margin requirements, and the potential issues that arise As the clearing and margining mandates are phased in, the associated costs will be severe enough to dramatically shift the topology of the financial markets and transform the nature of risk. Central Counterparties provides the information, clarification and expert insight market practitioners need to get up to speed quickly.