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Cost effectiveness of influenza vaccination.

Cost effectiveness of influenza vaccination.
Author: États-Unis. Technology assessment (Office)
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Total Pages: 70
Release: 1981
Genre:
ISBN: 1428924434

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Vaccines for the 21st Century

Vaccines for the 21st Century
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 472
Release: 2001-02-21
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309174988

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Vaccines have made it possible to eradicate the scourge of smallpox, promise the same for polio, and have profoundly reduced the threat posed by other diseases such as whooping cough, measles, and meningitis. What is next? There are many pathogens, autoimmune diseases, and cancers that may be promising targets for vaccine research and development. This volume provides an analytic framework and quantitative model for evaluating disease conditions that can be applied by those setting priorities for vaccine development over the coming decades. The committee describes an approach for comparing potential new vaccines based on their impact on morbidity and mortality and on the costs of both health care and vaccine development. The book examines: Lessons to be learned from the polio experience. Scientific advances that set the stage for new vaccines. Factors that affect how vaccines are used in the population. Value judgments and ethical questions raised by comparison of health needs and benefits. The committee provides a way to compare different forms of illness and set vaccine priorities without assigning a monetary value to lives. Their recommendations will be important to anyone involved in science policy and public health planning: policymakers, regulators, health care providers, vaccine manufacturers, and researchers.


Cost Effectiveness Modelling for Health Technology Assessment

Cost Effectiveness Modelling for Health Technology Assessment
Author: Richard Edlin
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 208
Release: 2015-08-11
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3319157442

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This book provides an introduction to decision analytic cost-effectiveness modelling, giving the theoretical and practical knowledge required to design and implement analyses that meet the methodological standards of health technology assessment organisations. The book guides you through building a decision tree and Markov model and, importantly, shows how the results of cost-effectiveness analyses are interpreted. Given the complex nature of cost-effectiveness modelling and the often unfamiliar language that runs alongside it, we wanted to make this book as accessible as possible whilst still providing a comprehensive, in-depth, practical guide that reflects the state of the art – that includes the most recent developments in cost-effectiveness modelling. Although the nature of cost effectiveness modelling means that some parts are inevitably quite technical, across the 13 chapters we have broken down explanations of theory and methods into bite-sized pieces that you can work through at your own pace; we have provided explanations of terms and methods as we use them. Importantly, the exercises and online workbooks allow you to test your skills and understanding as you go along.


Decision Modelling for Health Economic Evaluation

Decision Modelling for Health Economic Evaluation
Author: Andrew Briggs
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Total Pages: 256
Release: 2006-08-17
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0191004952

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In financially constrained health systems across the world, increasing emphasis is being placed on the ability to demonstrate that health care interventions are not only effective, but also cost-effective. This book deals with decision modelling techniques that can be used to estimate the value for money of various interventions including medical devices, surgical procedures, diagnostic technologies, and pharmaceuticals. Particular emphasis is placed on the importance of the appropriate representation of uncertainty in the evaluative process and the implication this uncertainty has for decision making and the need for future research. This highly practical guide takes the reader through the key principles and approaches of modelling techniques. It begins with the basics of constructing different forms of the model, the population of the model with input parameter estimates, analysis of the results, and progression to the holistic view of models as a valuable tool for informing future research exercises. Case studies and exercises are supported with online templates and solutions. This book will help analysts understand the contribution of decision-analytic modelling to the evaluation of health care programmes. ABOUT THE SERIES: Economic evaluation of health interventions is a growing specialist field, and this series of practical handbooks will tackle, in-depth, topics superficially addressed in more general health economics books. Each volume will include illustrative material, case histories and worked examples to encourage the reader to apply the methods discussed, with supporting material provided online. This series is aimed at health economists in academia, the pharmaceutical industry and the health sector, those on advanced health economics courses, and health researchers in associated fields.


Textbook of Influenza

Textbook of Influenza
Author: Robert G. Webster
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 684
Release: 2014-01-06
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 111863683X

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The Textbook of Influenza is a comprehensive resource covering all aspects of influenza, from the genetic and molecular biology of the virus through to clinical aspects of the disease and the latest drug developments and treatments. This new edition has been completely revised and reflects the integration of disciplines concerning the emergence, evolution, pathogenesis and control of influenza viruses in the field of human and veterinary public health. Textbook of Influenza examines the lessons learnt from the latest pandemic and provides the current state of knowledge for many yet unresolved issues related to virus origin, spread, pathogenesis and disease severity to better prepare for future pandemics. It covers the background to recent advances in influenza genomics and reverse genetics which have allowed the identification of virus virulence factors and the analysis and reconstruction of influenza viruses such as the 1918 Spanish flu strain. This new edition is divided into eight key sections, containing chapters co-written by international experts from both the clinical and scientific communities, covering: • Influenza Perspectives • Structure and Replication • Evolution and Ecology • Epidemiology and Surveillance • Immunology • Vaccines and Vaccine Development • Clinical Aspects and Antivirals • Public Health Textbook of Influenza is for all those working in the area of influenza including clinical and basic scientists, immunologists, molecular and structural virologists, public health officials and global pandemic control planners.


Health and the Environment Miscellaneous: Childhood immunizations, February 4, 1982. Cost effectiveness of the influenza vaccine, February 9, 1982. Orphan Drug Act-H.R. 5238, March 8, 1982

Health and the Environment Miscellaneous: Childhood immunizations, February 4, 1982. Cost effectiveness of the influenza vaccine, February 9, 1982. Orphan Drug Act-H.R. 5238, March 8, 1982
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment
Publisher:
Total Pages: 406
Release: 1982
Genre: Drugs
ISBN:

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Prevention Effectiveness

Prevention Effectiveness
Author: Anne C. Haddix
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 287
Release: 2003
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0195148975

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As public accountability has increased and resources have become scarcer, public health, like clinical medicine, has been forced to re-examine the benefits and costs of its activities. Decision and economic analysis are basic tools in carrying out that mission. These methods have become standard practice in clinical medicine and health services research. This book , now in its second edition, was written in an effort to apply and adapt that experience with public health situations.The book was originally written to introduce Centers for Disease Control and Prevention staff to the concepts of decision and economic analysis, to provide guidance on methods to maximize comparability of studios, and to provide access to frequently used reference information. It has been adapted to meet the needs of scientists and managers in state and local health departments and managed care organizations as well as students in schools of public health and clinicians for an introductory text --a text that shows how these methods can be applied in population-based practice, to facilitate better comparability of studies, and to solidify understanding of the scientific basis for use of these tools in decision making. Decision makers will learn how these studies are conducted so they can be critical consumers-- understanding the strengths and limitations- and apply findings to policy and practice.The second edition updates and expands upon the standard methodology for condcuting prevention effectiveness analyses. Each chapter has been revised or re-written. The chapters on measuring effectiveness, decision analysis, and making information useful for decision makers as well as several appendices are entirely new.


Influenza Models

Influenza Models
Author: P. Selby
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 239
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9401180504

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Kilbourne (1973) described the student of influenza as "continually looking back over his shoulder and asking 'what happened?', in the hope that understanding of past events will alert him to the catastrophies ofthe future". Experience suggests the futility of such a hope, since the most predictable feature of influenza is its unpredictability. Nonetheless, the stubborn viabil ity of this hope is strongly affirmed by the many attempts, described and discussed in this volume, to develop a useful and practical representation of influenza virus behavior. I hasten to add, however, that the desired model has yet to be perfected. The existence and usefulness of animal models of infectious diseases of man are well documented. Reproduction of disease by infecting an experimental animal satisfies the third of Koch's four postulates to establish proof of disease causation by a specific bacterium. Animal models also have been extremely useful in studies of the pathogenesis, immunoprophylaxis, and specific therapy of several important diseases, ineluding (with only modest success) influenza. Development of such a model is simple, at least in concept. and can be achieved by one or only a few scientists.