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Structural Alloys for Nuclear Energy Applications

Structural Alloys for Nuclear Energy Applications
Author: Robert Odette
Publisher: Newnes
Total Pages: 673
Release: 2019-08-15
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 012397349X
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High-performance alloys that can withstand operation in hazardous nuclear environments are critical to presentday in-service reactor support and maintenance and are foundational for reactor concepts of the future. With commercial nuclear energy vendors and operators facing the retirement of staff during the coming decades, much of the scholarly knowledge of nuclear materials pursuant to appropriate, impactful, and safe usage is at risk. Led by the multi-award winning editorial team of G. Robert Odette (UCSB) and Steven J. Zinkle (UTK/ORNL) and with contributions from leaders of each alloy discipline, Structural Alloys for Nuclear Energy Applications aids the next generation of researchers and industry staff developing and maintaining steels, nickel-base alloys, zirconium alloys, and other structural alloys in nuclear energy applications. This authoritative reference is a critical acquisition for institutions and individuals seeking state-of-the-art knowledge aided by the editors’ unique personal insight from decades of frontline research, engineering and management. Focuses on in-service irradiation, thermal, mechanical, and chemical performance capabilities. Covers the use of steels and other structural alloys in current fission technology, leading edge Generation-IV fission reactors, and future fusion power reactors. Provides a critical and comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art experimental knowledge base of reactor materials, for applications ranging from engineering safety and lifetime assessments to supporting the development of advanced computational models.

Corrosion Performance of Structural Alloys

Corrosion Performance of Structural Alloys
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 14
Release: 1999
Genre:
ISBN:
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Component reliability and long-term trouble-free performance of structural materials are essential in power-generating and gasification processes that utilize coal as a feedstock. During combustion and conversion of coal, the environments encompass a wide range of oxygen partial pressures, from excess-air conditions in conventional boilers to air-deficient conditions in 10W-NO(subscript x) and gasification systems. Apart from the environmental aspects of the effluent from coal combustion and conversion, one concern from the systems standpoint is the aggressiveness of the gaseous/deposit environment toward structural components such as waterwall tubes, steam superheaters, syngas coolers, and hot-gas filters. The corrosion tests in the program described in this paper address the individual and combined effects of oxygen, sulfur, and chlorine on the corrosion response of several ASME-coded and noncoded structural alloys that were exposed to air-deficient and excess-air environments typical of coal-combustion and gasification processes. Data in this paper address the effects of preoxidation on the subsequent corrosion performance of structural materials such as 9Cr-1Mo ferritic steel, Type 347 austenitic stainless steel, Alloys 800, 825, 625, 214, Hastelloy X, and iron aluminide when exposed at 650 C to various mixed-gas environments with and without HCI. Results are presented for scaling kinetics, microstructural characteristics of corrosion products, detailed evaluations of near-surface regions of the exposed specimens, gains in our mechanistic understanding of the roles of S and Cl in the corrosion process, and the effect of preoxidation on subsequent corrosion.

Corrosion Performance of Structural Alloys in Oxygen

Corrosion Performance of Structural Alloys in Oxygen
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 12
Release: 1998
Genre:
ISBN:
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Component reliability and long-term trouble-free performance of structural materials are essential in power-generating processes that utilize coal as a feedstock. The combustion environments encompass a wide range of oxygen partial pressures, from excess-air conditions in conventional systems to air-deficient conditions in low-NO(subscript x) systems. Apart from the environmental aspects of the effluent from coal combustion, one concern from the systems standpoint is the aggressiveness of the combustion environment toward boiler structural components such as waterwall tubes and steam superheaters. The corrosion tests in this program address the individual and combined effects of oxygen, sulfur, and chlorine on the corrosion response of several ASME-coded and noncoded boiler materials exposed to air-deficient and excess-air combustion conditions. Data in this paper address the corrosion behavior of structural materials such as Type 347 stainless steel, Alloys 800, 825, 625, 214, and Hastelloy X when exposed at 650 C to excess-air combustion conditions with and without HCl. Thermodynamic calculations were made to evaluate the gas chemistries formed from coal combustion. The results of such calculations, coupled with oxygen/sulfur/chlorine thermochemical diagrams, were used to select the gas environments for the laboratory test program. Results are presented for weight change, thickness loss, microstructural characteristics of corrosion products, mechanical integrity and cracking of scales, and the mechanistic understanding gained on the role of sulfur and chlorine in the corrosion process.

Corrosion. Structural Metals and Alloys (2019-2020)

Corrosion. Structural Metals and Alloys (2019-2020)
Author: Mariano Iannuzzi
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd
Total Pages: 390
Release: 2021-05-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3035730946
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Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Testing of Aerospace Vehicle Structural Alloys

Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Testing of Aerospace Vehicle Structural Alloys
Author: Russell Wanhill
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 73
Release: 2018-05-24
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3319895303
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This SpringerBrief discusses the determination and classification of the ambient temperature corrosion and stress corrosion properties of aerospace structural alloys, with emphasis on (1) aluminium alloys, modern (3rd generation) aluminium‒lithium alloys, stainless steels and titanium alloys and (2) some of the issues involved. Standard /reference data on environmental properties, including corrosion and stress corrosion, are mandatory for the qualification and certification of materials for aerospace vehicles, and also for the design of actual structures and components. Recommendations for further testing and evaluation are given at appropriate points in the text. The book concludes with a summary of the main topics.

Corrosion Performance of Fe-Cr-Al and Fe Aluminide Alloys in Complex Gas Environments

Corrosion Performance of Fe-Cr-Al and Fe Aluminide Alloys in Complex Gas Environments
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 15
Release: 1995
Genre:
ISBN:
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Alumina-forming structural alloys can offer superior resistance to corrosion in the presence of sulfur-containing environments, which are prevalent in coal-fired fossil energy systems. Further, Fe aluminides are being developed for use as structural materials and/or cladding alloys in these systems. Extensive development has been in progress on Fe3Al-based alloys to improve their engineering ductility. In addition, surface coatings of Fe aluminide are being developed to impart corrosion resistance to structural alloys. This paper describes results from an ongoing program that is evaluating the corrosion performance of alumina-forming structural alloys, Fe-Al and Fe aluminide bulk alloys, and Fe aluminide coatings in environments typical of coal-gasification and combustion atmospheres. Experiments were conducted at 650-1000°C in simulated oxygen/sulfur gas mixtures. Other aspects of the program are corrosion evaluation of the aluminides in the presence of HCl-containing gases. Results are used to establish threshold Al levels in the alloys for development of protective alumina scales and to determine the modes of corrosion degradation that occur in the materials when they are exposed to S/Cl-containing gaseous environments.

Fundamental Aspects of Structural Alloy Design

Fundamental Aspects of Structural Alloy Design
Author: Robert Jaffee
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 665
Release: 2013-11-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1468424211
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FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS OF STRUCTURAL ALLOY DESIGN is the proceedings of the tenth Battelle Colloquium in the Materials Sciences, held in Seattle, Washington, and Harrison Hot Springs, B.C., September 15-19, 1975. The theme of the conference was the emerging science of alloy design. Although the relationships of properties of alloys to their composition and structure have long been a dominant theme in physical metallurgy, it is only recently that metallurgists have turned their attention from the analytical, post hoc study of the structure-property relationship to the synthesis approach of alloy design. As usual in the Battelle colloquia, the first day started with a group of introductory lectures presented by leaders in the field, each emphasizing his personal approach to the problem. This provided a historical perspective for the colloquium. These papers, together with the banquet address of Professor J. R. Low, Jr., who was honored at the colloquium, comprise the introductory section of these proceedings. Alloy design is generally specific to a given application. Thus, the needs in alloy design in a number of important applications, gas turbines, electrical-power-generation equipment, airframes, pressure vessels, and nuclear applications were presented in a group of papers. An agenda discus sion on "Needs in Alloy Design" followed. These papers give the external constraints on alloy design applications, and criteria for mechanical, physical, and chemical properties for which the alloys must be designed.