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Convertible Bonds of Countrywide Financial Corporation

Convertible Bonds of Countrywide Financial Corporation
Author: Ravi Jagannathan
Publisher:
Total Pages: 9
Release: 2017
Genre: Arbitrage
ISBN:

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On October 22, 2004, junior trader Mary Lucas was browsing through the recent trading activities of a few convertible bonds the firm held. First Convergence Inc. was a hedge fund specializing in convertible arbitrage founded by three Wall Street traders in 2002. Prior to starting at the firm, she had known little about convertible bonds. Now she stayed late almost every day in order to learn as much about the business as possible. Suddenly, she noticed something unusual about the trading of a convertible bond issued by Countrywide Financial Corporation (NYSE:CFC). Although the average daily trading volume on this bond had been only three thousand during the previous month, it had shot up to fifty thousand in the last three days. Lucas remembered this particular bond. In fact, First Convergence was actually holding a slightly different convertible bond (known as the liquid yield option note or LYON) issued by the same company. On August 20, Countrywide had offered to exchange the new convertible bond for the original LYON. First Convergence had accepted the exchange offer, thus ending up with the new convertible bond. At that time, Lucas was asked to help evaluate the offer, so she was familiar with the features of both bonds. "What's happening?" she asked herself. She quickly checked the recent price movement on Countrywide's stock. The stock had plunged 11.5 percent on Wednesday, October 20, after the company announced earnings below analysts' expectations. On the same day, trading on the convertible shot up. These two events must be related. But how? Is there a potential investment opportunity? Understanding various features of a convertible bond; identifying and exploiting an arbitrage opportunity.


Convertible Bonds in Corporate Finance

Convertible Bonds in Corporate Finance
Author: Pollarat Ekkayokkaya
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2011
Genre:
ISBN:

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This thesis makes three main contributions to the literature on convertible bond financing. First, we provide a new theoretical explanation for convertible bond financing. Unlike the existing theory, our new theory provides a rationale for the issuance of both callable and non-callable convertible bonds. We also undertake empirical tests of the implications of the new theory and find that the new theory is supported by the empirical evidence. Second, we empirically examine the way in which firms choose the design of convertible bonds and investigate the effect of financial constraints on the firms' convertible design decision. Consistent with our new theory, we find that the design of convertible bonds is influenced by both adverse selection costs and financial distress costs. Moreover, we find that the design of convertible bonds for relatively constrained firms is determined in a different manner from the design of convertible bonds for relatively unconstrained firms. Our findings suggest that taking into account the effect of financial constraints is important in the understanding of convertible design decisions. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to document the effect of financial constraints on choice of convertible design. Third, we empirically examine two alternative explanations for the late call of a convertible bond: the "optimal" call theory of Butler (2002) and the financial distress costs theory of Jaffee and Shleifer (1990). In contrast to the existing evidence reported in Altintig and Butler (2005), we find that the observed late calls cannot be explained by the effect of the notice period as incorporated in the optimal call theory of Butler (2002). The observed conversion premium is much higher than Butler's optimal conversion premium. On the other hand, we find strong empirical support for the financial distress costs theory. Firms do not make a conversion-forcing call until the conversion premium is large enough to avoid a failed conversion, which could give rise to financial distress. We find that by the time a call is made, the probability of failed conversion is very small and the cross-sectional variation in the conversion premium is mainly explained by potential distress costs.


Corporate Finance and the Securities Laws

Corporate Finance and the Securities Laws
Author: Charles J. Johnson (Jr.)
Publisher: Wolters Kluwer
Total Pages: 1564
Release: 2015-03-06
Genre: Corporations
ISBN: 1454858397

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Corporate Finance and the Securities Laws has been winning over practitioners with its clear andquot;how to do itandquot; approach ever since its publication in 1990. This acclaimed guide is now completely updated in this Fifth Edition to help you meet the challenges of raising capital in today's increasingly regulated marketplace. Written in plain English by two top experts in the field - each with literally hundreds of successful deals under his belt, Corporate Finance and the Securities Laws is the andquot;go toandquot; resource which explains the mechanics of corporate finance together with the statutes that govern each type of deal. You'll receive expert corporate finance analysis, procedural guidance, and practical securities law pointers every step of the way to help you Structure all types of corporate finance deals - from public, private, and offshore offerings to corporate debt restructurings, commercial paper programs, raising capital, and asset-based securities transactions Root out problems before corporate finance deals are put in motion, with heads-up input on securities law prohibited practices, potential liabilities, conflicts of interest, due diligence concerns, and other red-flag issues Shepherd transactions through the corporate finance regulatory process with a clear understanding of applicable statutes and their implications in real-life situations Know what to do when securities law problems crop up - and find clear answers to the countless questions that develop in the course of a corporate finance deal Close deals, raising capital in a timely manner and work shoulder to shoulder with clients to accomplish your corporate finance objectives


Corporate Finance and the Securities Laws, 6th Edition

Corporate Finance and the Securities Laws, 6th Edition
Author: Johnson, McLaughlin, and Haueter
Publisher: Wolters Kluwer
Total Pages: 1708
Release: 2019-12-10
Genre: Corporations
ISBN: 1543817416

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Corporate Finance and the Securities Laws has been winning over practitioners with its clear "how to do it" approach ever since its publication in 1990. This acclaimed guide is now completely updated in this Sixth Edition to help you meet the challenges of raising capital in today's increasingly regulated marketplace. Written in plain English by two top experts in the field - each with literally hundreds of successful deals under his belt, Corporate Finance and the Securities Laws is the "go to" resource which explains the mechanics of corporate finance together with the statutes that govern each type of deal. You'll receive expert corporate finance analysis, procedural guidance, and practical securities law pointers every step of the way to help you Structure all types of corporate finance deals - from public, private, and offshore offerings to corporate debt restructurings, commercial paper programs, raising capital, and asset-based securities transactions Root out problems before corporate finance deals are put in motion, with heads-up input on securities law prohibited practices, potential liabilities, conflicts of interest, due diligence concerns, and other red-flag issues Shepherd transactions through the corporate finance regulatory process with a clear understanding of applicable statutes and their implications in real-life situations Know what to do when securities law problems crop up - and find clear answers to the countless questions that develop in the course of a corporate finance deal Close deals, raising capital in a timely manner and work shoulder to shoulder with clients to accomplish your corporate finance objectives


The Handbook of Convertible Bonds

The Handbook of Convertible Bonds
Author: Jan De Spiegeleer
Publisher: Wiley
Total Pages: 400
Release: 2011-03-14
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9780470689684

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This is a complete guide to the pricing and risk management of convertible bond portfolios. Convertible bonds can be complex because they have both equity and debt like features and new market entrants will usually find that they have either a knowledge of fixed income mathematics or of equity derivatives and therefore have no idea how to incorporate credit and equity together into their existing pricing tools. Part I of the book covers the impact that the 2008 credit crunch has had on the markets, it then shows how to build up a convertible bond and introduces the reader to the traditional convertible vocabulary of yield to put, premium, conversion ratio, delta, gamma, vega and parity. The market of stock borrowing and lending will also be covered in detail. Using an intuitive approach based on the Jensen inequality, the authors will also show the advantages of using a hybrid to add value - pre 2008, many investors labelled convertible bonds as 'investing with no downside', there are of course plenty of 2008 examples to prove that they were wrong. The authors then go onto give a complete explanation of the different features that can be embedded in convertible bond. Part II shows readers how to price convertibles. It covers the different parameters used in valuation models: credit spreads, volatility, interest rates and borrow fees and Maturity. Part III covers investment strategies for equity, fixed income and hedge fund investors and includes dynamic hedging and convertible arbitrage. Part IV explains the all important risk management part of the process in detail. This is a highly practical book, all products priced are real world examples and numerical examples are not limited to hypothetical convertibles. It is a must read for anyone wanting to safely get into this highly liquid, high return market.


Convertible Bonds (Demystified)

Convertible Bonds (Demystified)
Author: Sheridan Yvon
Publisher: Trafford Publishing
Total Pages: 279
Release: 2010-11
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1426946899

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CONVERTIBLE BONDS AN INVESTMENT FOR ALL SEASONS In this book we will discover There are only five ( 5 ) major terms that we need to understand in order to be able to invest safely and profitably in Convertible bonds. The secret of how a Convertible bond automatically switches itself from a bond investment to an equity investment through its own internal mechanism. A list of four hundred and sixty-eight Convertible bonds (468) including fourteen main criteria (14) for each Convertible bond. A proven twenty-year ( 20 ) investment program described step by step and understandable by everybody. The Sheridan Market-Neutral hedge investment program proven twenty-year (20) investment program. We will invest in one of the safest investment around Our investment programs should yield an average net return of fifteen percent yearly (15%), on a cash investment basis. Our average holding period per investment should be from two years (2) to five years (5). By the end of the book, we will be able to set up a Convertible bond investment program on our own and become our own money manager.


Contingent Convertible Bonds, Corporate Hybrid Securities and Preferred Shares

Contingent Convertible Bonds, Corporate Hybrid Securities and Preferred Shares
Author: Marcin Liberadzki
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 229
Release: 2019-06-17
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3319925016

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This book is a comprehensive guide to the new generation of hybrid securities: subordinated and perpetual bonds with deferrable coupon first issued around 2003, and the youngest member of the hybrids family named CoCos (contingent convertibles) being a product of Basel III or European Union CRD IV regime (2014). Contingent capital constitutes a contractual recapitalization mechanism for troubled financial institutions. An increasing number of European banks have issued CoCo bonds in order to bolster their capital ratios. Following the EU pattern, CoCos issues have become increasingly popular within banks in Asia and the Pacific. The EU regulatory treatment of the contingent convertibles issued by banks and insurers together with bank bail-in instruments is at the forefront of the book. Furthermore, the book provides an overview of hybrids pricing and risk assessment approach and covers the non-voting preferred stocks as another hybrids class.


The Handbook of Hybrid Securities

The Handbook of Hybrid Securities
Author: Jan De Spiegeleer
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 421
Release: 2014-05-19
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1118449991

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Introducing a revolutionary new quantitative approach to hybrid securities valuation and risk management To an equity trader they are shares. For the trader at the fixed income desk, they are bonds (after all, they pay coupons, so what's the problem?). They are hybrid securities. Neither equity nor debt, they possess characteristics of both, and carry unique risks that cannot be ignored, but are often woefully misunderstood. The first and only book of its kind, The Handbook of Hybrid Securities dispels the many myths and misconceptions about hybrid securities and arms you with a quantitative, practical approach to dealing with them from a valuation and risk management point of view. Describes a unique, quantitative approach to hybrid valuation and risk management that uses new structural and multi-factor models Provides strategies for the full range of hybrid asset classes, including convertible bonds, preferreds, trust preferreds, contingent convertibles, bonds labeled "additional Tier 1," and more Offers an expert review of current regulatory climate regarding hybrids, globally, and explores likely political developments and their potential impact on the hybrid market The most up-to-date, in-depth book on the subject, this is a valuable working resource for traders, analysts and risk managers, and a indispensable reference for regulators


The International Handbook of Convertible Securities

The International Handbook of Convertible Securities
Author: Thomas C. Noddings
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 394
Release: 2001
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9781579582999

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First Published in 2001. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.


Hedge Fund Secrets

Hedge Fund Secrets
Author: Philip J. Romero
Publisher: Business Expert Press
Total Pages: 195
Release: 2018-01-24
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1947441078

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What Hedge Funds Do provides a needed complement to journalistic accounts of the hedge fund industry, to deepen the understanding of non-specialist readers such as policymakers, journalists, and individual investors. What do hedge funds really do? These lightly-regulated funds continually innovate new investing and trading strategies to take advantage of temporary mispricing of assets (when their market price deviates from their intrinsic value). These techniques are shrouded in mystery, which permits hedge fund managers to charge exceptionally high fees. While the details of each funds' approach are carefully guarded trade secrets, this book draws the curtain back on the core building blocks of many hedge fund strategies Beyond the book's instructional goals, What Hedge Funds Do provides a needed complement to journalistic accounts of the hedge fund industry, to deepen the understanding of non-specialist readers such as policymakers, journalists, and individual investors. It is written by a fund practitioner and computer scientist (Balch), in collaboration with a public policy economist and finance academic (Romero).